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FINALS - ballistics > midterms (3-5) > Flashcards

midterms (3-5) Flashcards

1
Q

– is a loaded shell for any firearm such as revolver, pistol and rifles

A

ammunition

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2
Q

– a complete unfired ammo consisting of bullet, shell, gunpowder and primer. Ammunition
and cartridge can be used interchangeably

A

Cartridge

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3
Q

– invented the 1st cartridge in 1635.

A

. King Gustavus Adolphus

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4
Q

– He invented another cartridge in 1846.

A

Benjamin Houllier

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5
Q

– A French gunsmith. He invented the 1st pin fire cartridge, and 1st pin fire gun.
6. He was born in Bonnétable and died in Paris.

A

Casimir Lefaucheux

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6
Q

developed one of the earliest cartridges known as
Flobert Cartridges, this became the forerunner of American Rim Fire Ammo.

A

Louis Nicolas A. Flobert

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7
Q

external pin is used near the head of the cartridge.

A

Pin-Fire Cartridge

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8
Q

priming mixture is place around the rim.

A

Rim-Fire Cartridge

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9
Q

priming mixture is placed in the center of the head of cartridge

A

Center-Fire Cartridge –

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10
Q

needs mechanical blow against the percussion cap.

A

Percussion

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11
Q

Shotgun cartridge contains multiple rounded projectiles

A

d Pellets/ Shots/ balls

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12
Q

A shotgun cartridge containing a single projectile of a shotgun ammo is called

A

Sabot Slug.

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13
Q

– a plastic cap that holds the shots.

A

Shot Cup (Stirrup)

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14
Q

comparable to shell/casing of ammunition of long/short arms. Prior to
1960, paper is used as casing for shotgun ammo.

A

tube

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15
Q

being bent inward to hold the shot in place.

A

Crimp

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16
Q

he thing that is being ignited that causes the tremendous pushing of bullet.

A

gunpowder

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17
Q

collective term for chemical priming compound, primer cup, anvil, and battery cup that is
being struck to ignite the powder

A

primer

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18
Q

a disk made of paper, used to hold the powder or shot.

A

wad

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19
Q

– pure lead

A

Drop or soft shot

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20
Q

hardened by antimony

A

Chilled or hard shot

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21
Q

coated with cupronicke or 70% copper and 30% nickle or steel shot

A

Plated shot

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22
Q

consists of lead balls

A

Buckshot

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23
Q

Slug – single slug with angled grooves cut into its side to spin it. This refers to Sabot slug

A

slug

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24
Q

– formed from powdered tungsten and iron, blended together and pressed into a
pellet.

A

Tungsten-iron Shot

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25
Q

a cluster of sturdy steel needles with tiny fins at their base to stabilize them in flight.

A

Flechette shot

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25
Q

a cluster of sturdy steel needles with tiny fins at their base to stabilize them in flight.

A

Flechette shot

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26
Q

– the process of military storage of ammunition or arms. Done by making a concrete bunker with
walls about a foot thick and then covered. Ammo may reach 40 years with no degradation.

A

igloo

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27
Q

– refers to the tubular casing or shell of an ammunition that holds the bullet and contains
the gunpowder.

A

Cartridge Case

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28
Q

is used secure the bullet in the shell to avoid being moved or loosened from its gripped.

A

crimp

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29
Q

used only on jacketed ammo that consists of dimples or grooves pressed
into the mouth.

A

Stab or Ring Crimp –

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30
Q

used in the cartridge with headspace on the cartridge case mouth with lead
bullets.

A

Taper Crimp

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31
Q

located at the neck that is rolled into the groove of the bullet.

A

Roll Crimp

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32
Q

rim diameter is greater than the body (Cal .38 and Cal .22)

A

rimmed

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32
Q

rim diameter is SLIGHTLY greater than the body (Cal .25, Cal .32 auto, Cal .38
Super)

A

semi rimmed

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33
Q

rim is equal with the body (Cal 5.56mm, Cal .30, 9mm, Cal .45)

A

Rimless

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34
Q

rim is smaller than the body (Cal 8mm x 59)

A

Rebated

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35
Q

a protruding metal is belted around the shell (Cal .338 magnum, 13.9 x 99)

A

Belted

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36
Q

found on the primer (particularly on the primer cup). Note: Glock Pistols
have rectangular firing pin marks.

A

Firing Pin Marks

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37
Q

found on the base of shell. Caused by the breechface.

A

Breechface Marks –

38
Q

found on the extracting groove

A

Extractor Marks

39
Q

located at the rim at the base of shell fired from automatic FAs.

A

Ejector Marks

40
Q

found on the primer near the firing pin mark. It is
just a rebound or duplication of firing pin mark.

A

Shearing Marks (Secondary Firing Pin Marks) –

41
Q

– found on the body of shell. Caused by the magazine lips during loading.

A

Magazine Marks

42
Q

found on the body of the shell. Caused by the irregularities inside the
chamber

A

Chamber Marks –

43
Q

found on the base of rimmed type shell. Caused by Break Type Revolver during
loading.

A

Pivotal Marks

44
Q

found on the side of the rim. Caused by the contact between the shell and
ejection port of the FA (Pistol)

A

Ejector Port Marks

45
Q

part of cartridge consisting of lead or jacketed projectile projected from FA. Bullets in the crime
scene are also called Slugs.

A

bullet

46
Q

The word bullet came from the French word “boulette” which means “small ball.”

A
47
Q

are spherical projectiles used in smoothbore FAs.

A

shot/ Pellets/ Balls –

48
Q

French word “boulette” – means a Small ball.
In police parlance, bullet is called Slug.
In gov’t parlance, a cartridge containing bullet is called Ball Cartridge.
In small arms ammunition, bullet refers to the projectile which is Cylindrical or Cylo-conoidal.

A
49
Q

made of lead or alloy of metals, tin and antimony.

A

Lead Bullets

50
Q

made of lead core covered with jacket of harder material, such as gilding
metal, copper alloy approximately 90% and zinc 10%.

A

Jacketed Bullets

51
Q

– have soft lead core inside a jacket

A

Ball Bullets

51
Q

contains tungsten chrome steel and are fired at vehicles and other
armored targets.

A

Armor Piercing Bullets

52
Q

contains compound at the base, usually similar to barium nitrates which set fire
when bullet is projected.

A

Tracer Bullets –

53
Q

– contains phosphorous or other materials that can set fire. These are used for
targets such as aircrafts and/or gasoline depot.

A

Incendiary Bullets

54
Q

– contain a high charge of explosive usually limited to 20mm and
above.

A

Explosive (Fragmentary Bullets)

55
Q

– receives the thrust and heat from the burning gunpowder. Sometimes Gas Check is
placed to prevent melting of bullet

A

Base

56
Q

– body of the bullet that contacts the lands and grooves in the barrel. This
should fit the bore.

A

Bearing Surface

57
Q

– serrated groove or depression around the body of bullet, usually used in
bottle neck shell

A

Bullet Cannelure

58
Q

– a mass of lead in a bullet covered with jacket. This sometimes, contains other metals for
other purposes

A

Core

59
Q

– length in the portion of the bullet from the shoulder to the tip.

A

Head height

60
Q

– the edge of the base

A

Heel

61
Q

– covers the entire lead core, usually copper, brass, steel and aluminum.

A

Jacket

62
Q

the diameter of the nose/ogive

A

Meplat diameter–

63
Q

– the tapered or curved part of the bullet towards the tip of a bullet.

A

Ogive/ Nose

64
Q

– the forward portion or tip of bullet

A

Point

65
Q

– the end portion of the body of bullet. Bullets Designed for Handgun

A

Shoulder

66
Q

has an exposed lead and has cavity at the tip.

A

jacketed Hallow Point

67
Q

with more exposed lead at the tip that expand more than a hallow
point bullet.

A

Semi-jacketed Hallow Point

68
Q

.– the lead core is enclosed by a light copper jacket, with
cone shape and flat point.

A

Full Metal Cone (Truncated Cone)

69
Q

a solid lead bullet with rounded ogive for downrange accuracy, hard hitting,
economical, generally designed bullet for revolvers.

A

Lead Round Nose

70
Q

a solid lead bullet, cuts clean in paper targets for precise scoring

A

Lead Full-Wadcutter

71
Q

solid lead bullet with semi pointed nose, with sharp shoulder for clean
hole punching in paper target

A

Lead Semi-wadcutter –

72
Q

lead core is covered with jacket except the base, results to little expansion but with
deep penetration.

A

Full Metal Jacket –

73
Q

the lead core is enclosed by heavy copper jacket results to little or no
expansion BUT deep penetration.

A

Full Metal Jacket Boat Tail –

74
Q

– extremely accurate designed aerodynamically.

A

Hallow Point Boat Tail

75
Q

exposed lead on the tip of the bullet with broader point diameter. The bullet may expand
and may result to more or less 200% of the original bullet diameter

A

Soft Point -

76
Q

– having a copper sheath with full metal jacket.

A

Hardball Bullet

77
Q

– designed for armored penetration at a greater distance.

A

Depleted Uranium Bullet

78
Q

– the lead core is jacketed by copper-alloy or aluminum. The jacket is designed to be
disintegrated into small pieces to cause hemorrhage.

A

Silver Tip Bullet

79
Q
  • upon reaching target, splits into fragments when hitting soft tissue creating bigger wound. It may
    have stress lines around the bullet.
A

Fragmentation Bullet

80
Q

have sharp pointed nose, more effective than the round ball of the same weight.
These have more velocity. It may travel sideways inside the target upon hitting bones/hard object. Spitz
means pointed.

A

Spitzer Bullets –

81
Q

– include all soft point bullets, split nose bullets, hallow point bullets and jacketed
bullets with exposed lead core. These bullets are designed for expansion.

A

Dumdum Bullets

82
Q

– designed to expand upon striking the target, thus leaving a
smaller entry but larger/bigger exit.

A

Mushroom Bullet (Soft Point Bullet)

83
Q

has open ogive/nose designed to increase the expansion upon
hitting the target.

A

Hallow Point Bullet (Express Bullet)–

84
Q

– is plated with gilding metal to prevent rusting and to reduce frictional
resistance in the bore

A

Steel Jacketed Bullet

85
Q

– a solid copper with no lead core, no jacket and is heat treated for extra toughness. Upon
hitting hard target, nose peels to four razor-edge petals. Designed by Barne in 1989 and owned by Randy
Brooks.

A

X-Bullet

86
Q

– uses a special jacket and compressed shot core with plastic tip. It has a high
performance ammunition that gives superior penetration to solid targets.

A

Glaser Safety Slug

87
Q

– caused by the land and grooves

A

Rifling Marks

88
Q

– caused by the initial forward movement of bullet before the rifling get the bullet

A

Skid Marks

89
Q

caused by worn-out, oversized and oily barrel.

A

Slippage Marks –

90
Q

– found on the nose or ogive of a bullet, done when
the bullet and the barrel are not aligned.

A

Shaving/Stripping Marks (Tapyas sa bala)

91
Q

– caused by various parts or external objects other than the firing pin,
rifling & magazine.

A

Miscellaneous Marks

92
Q

3 Points of Positive Identification
1. Prominent (kitang kita)
2. Significant (ang marka ay mahalaga)
3. Consistent (tuloy tuloy, parehas)

A
93
Q

3 Test Bullets – to be used for conclusiveness of findings:
1
st Bullet – for comparison or preliminary examination;
2
nd Bullet – for confirmation
3
rd Bullet – for conclusion

A

FINALS - ballistics (2 decks)

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