MIDTERMS - CELLULAR ABERRATION

Question 1

It is an abnormal growth of cells.

Answer 1

Cancer

Question 2

The latin word for crab.

Answer 2

Cancer

Question 3

The greek medical term for a malignant tumor derived from epithelial cells.

Answer 3

Carcinoma

Question 4

Scientific designations for cancerous disease.

Answer 4

Neoplasia and neoplasm

Question 5

Any or new abnormal growth.

Answer 5

Neoplasm

Question 6

Any abnormal solid mass.

Answer 6

Tumor

Question 7

An abnormal sac or closed cavity with epithelium and filled with liquid or semi solid matter.

Answer 7

Cyst

Question 8

Invades and destroy the tissue in which it originates and spread to other sites.

Answer 8

Malignant

Question 9

Where does the following derived from?

Carcinoma -
Lymphoma and Leukemia -
Sarcoma -
Mesothelioma-
Glioma -
Germinoma -
Choriocarcinoma -

Answer 9

Carcinoma - epithelial cells
Lymphoma and Leukemia - blood and bone marrow cells
Sarcoma - connective tissue and mesenchymal cells
Mesothelioma- mesothelial cells
Glioma - glia
Germinoma - germ cells
Choriocarcinoma - placenta

Question 10

BENIGN OR MALIGNANT

Grows rapidly

Answer 10

Malignant

Question 11

BENIGN OR MALIGNANT

Grows by enlarging or expanding, remains localized, never infiltrates surrounding tissue.

Answer 11

Benign

Question 12

BENIGN OR MALIGNANT

Contained within a fibrous capsule

Answer 12

Benign

Question 13

BENIGN OR MALIGNANT

Well-differentiated

Answer 13

Benign

Question 14

BENIGN OR MALIGNANT

Large no. of normal and abnormal mitotic figures

Answer 14

Malignant

Question 15

BENIGN OR MALIGNANT

Recurrence is extremely unsual

Answer 15

Benign

Question 16

Hepatocarcinoma is malignant tumor of what type of cells?

Answer 16

Liver Cells

Question 17

Malignant tumor of fat cells

Answer 17

Liposarcoma

Question 18

Bronchogenic carcinoma

Answer 18

Malignant tumor of lower trachea and bronchi

Question 19

Benign tumor of smooth muscle of uterus is called?

Answer 19

Leiomyoma

Question 20

What are the four (4) types of recurrence?

Answer 20

Local Recurrence
Regional Recurrence
Distant Recurrence
Cancer of Unknown Primary

Question 21

Define the the four (4) types of recurrence.

Answer 21

Local Recurrence - near or same organ it developed in
Regional Recurrence - nearby lymph nodes
Distant Recurrence - any other body part not included in local or regional
Cancer of Unknown Primary - cacer has widely spread, impossible to determine where it started

Question 22

What are the genes that cause cancer?

Answer 22

Oncogenes

Question 23

Enumerate the factors that influence the cancer development.

Answer 23

Environmental/Occupation
Dietary Factors
Genetic Predisposition
Age
Immune Function
Sex
Precancerous lesions
Unhealthy Lifestyle

Question 24

What is the Step 2 in Metastasis when tumor promotes the development of its own blood vessels and blood supply?

Answer 24

Angiogenesis

Question 25

Four Methods of Metastasis

Answer 25

Lymphatic Spread Vascular Local Seeding Blood borne metastasis

Question 26

Signs and Symptoms of Cancer. [CAUTION US]

Answer 26

Change in bladder or bowel habit A sore that does not heal Unusual bleeding or discarge Thickening or lump in breast or other areas Indigestion or difficulty of swallowing Obvious change in wart or mole Nagging cough or hoarseness Unexplained anemia Sudden weight loss

Question 27

Differ staging from grading.

Answer 27

Staging - describes clinical aspects of cancer Grading - describes the cellular aspects of cances

Question 28

Most common type of system for staging.

Answer 28

TNM System

Question 29

TNM in TNM System stands for?

Answer 29

T - Extent of primary tumor N - Absence or presence of regional lymph node M - absence or presence of distant metastasis

Question 30

In Staging, (T)NM system, what are the following: Tx - To - Tis - T1 - T2 - T3 - T4 -

Answer 30

Tx - Primary tumor cannot be assessed To - No evidence of primary tumor Tis - Cancer in site T1 - less than 2 cm T2 - 2 to 5 cm T3 - more than 5 cm T4 - Tumor of any size with direct extension