[MIDTERMS] PMQA LEC - Liquids Flashcards
(105 cards)
1
Q
Factors Affecting the “Rate” of Solubility
A
• Particle Size
• Agitation
• Temperature
• Molecular Structure
• Effects of Other Substances
• pH
2
Q
Two (2) Types of Temperature
A
- Endothermic
- Exothermic
3
Q
A type of temperature whereas the solubility decreases with increase temperature.
A
Endothermic
4
Q
A type of temperature whereas the solubility increases with increase temperature.
A
Exothermic
5
Q
Two (2) Types of pH
A
- Weak Base
- Weak Acid
6
Q
A type of pH that is not very soluble in water, but soluble in diluted acid solutions.
A
Weak Base
7
Q
A type of pH that will form water soluble salts in basic solutions.
A
Weak Acid
8
Q
A solvent for liquid preparations that is commonly and widely used.
A
Water
9
Q
These solvents for liquid preparations are good solvents for most organic compounds.
A
- Alcohol USP
- Ethyl Alcohol
- Ethanol
10
Q
Give the Alcohol Content of the Following:
- Alcohol USP
- Ethyl Alcohol
- Ethanol
A
94.9% to 96%
11
Q
It is also known as Absolute Alcohol.
A
Dehydrated Alcohol
12
Q
Give the Alcohol Content of Dehydrated Alcohol
A
99.5%
13
Q
The Alcohol Content of Rubbing Alcohol
A
70% Alcohol
14
Q
Give an Example of Rubbing Alcohol
A
Isoprophyl Alcohol (90%)
15
Q
Isoprophyl Alcohol is can be use for __________.
A
Diabetic Person
16
Q
A solvent for liquid preparations that is considered as best solvent for tannins and phenols.
A
Glycerin USP (Glycerol)
17
Q
A solvent for liquid preparations that is used to dissolve hexane and fixed oil.
A
Chloroform
18
Q
A solvent for liquid preparations that is miscible to organic compound.
A
Acetone
19
Q
Methods of Preparing Solutions
A
- Simple Solution
- Solution by Chemical Reaction
- Solution by Extraction
20
Q
A method of preparing solutions that combine solute and solvent.
A
Simple Solution
21
Q
It is also known as Lime Water.
A
Calcium Hydroxide
22
Q
It is also known as Strong Iodine Solution.
A
Lugol’s Solution
23
Q
It came from the word “Macerare” meaning, to soak.
A
Macerate
24
Q
It came from the word “Per” meaning, true; and “Colation” meaning, straining.
A
Percolation
25
A gentle heat.
Digestion
26
This where vegetable drugs coarsely comminuted.
Infusion
27
This where vegetable drugs can be boiled.
Decoction
28
Cylindrical with little if any taper except for the lower orifice is also called __________.
Oldberg Percolator
29
The Rates of Flow
1. Percolate Slowly
2. Percolate at Moderate Rate
3. Percolate Rapidly
30
A rate will not exceeding 1 mL of percolate / minute.
Percolate Slowly
31
A rate of 1 to 3 mL / minute.
Percolate at Moderate Rate
32
A rate of 3 to 5 mL per minute.
Percolate Rapidly
33
Three (3) Forms of Extract
1. Semi-Liquid
2. Pilular
3. Powdered
34
A form of extracts that has syrupy consistency.
Semi-Liquid
35
A form of extracts that has plastic consistency.
Pilular
36
A type of extracts prepared to be dry by the removal of all the solvent.
Powdered
37
The pH level of Purified Water is __________.
pH 5 to 7
38
Three (3) Types of Purified Water.
1. Distillation
2. Deionization
3. Reverse Osmosis
39
Flowing Waters
Deionization
40
It is also known as Demineralization.
Deionization
41
It is also known as Cross Flow or as Tangential Flow.
Reverse Osmosis
42
WFI
Water for Injection
43
It is for production, not for injection.
Water for Injection
44
SWFI
Sterile Water for Injection
Sterile Water for Inhalation
Sterile Water for Irrigation
45
BWFI
Bacteriostatic Water for Injection
46
The well known Zeolite Process of softening water high mineral content.
Demineralization
47
Transport of solvent through semipermeable membrane separating 2 solutions of different concentrations.
Reverse Osmosis
48
A clear saturated aqueous solution (unless otherwise specified) of volatile oils or other aromatic or volatile substances.
Medicated Water
49
Lavatio Ori
Washes
50
Collutorium
Mouthwashes
51
Collunarium
Nasal Washes
52
Collyrium
Eye Washes
53
These are vaginal antiseptics used for cleansing.
Douches
54
It is also known as Clyster.
Enemas
55
Two (2) Types of Enemas
1. Evacuation Enemas
2. Retention Enemas
56
It is also known as Fleet Enemas.
Evacuation Enemas
57
A liquid preparation composed by Pyroxillin.
Collodion
58
It is also known as Soluble Gun Cotton.
Pyroxillin
59
A clear or slightly opalescent viscous liquid prepared by dissolving 4% weight per volume pyroxillin in 3:1 mixture of ether and alcohol.
Collodion, USP
60
A type of collodion that is prepared by adding 2% of camphor and 3% of castor oil to collodion.
Flexible Collodion
61
A type of collodion that is added with 10% salicylic acid.
Salicylic Acid Collodion
62
Formerly called as Essences.
Spirits
63
Alcohol Content of Elixirs
5% to 40%
64
Alcohol Content of Spirits
NMT 60%
65
Alcohol Content of Tintures
15% to 80%
66
These are preparations used for the temporary relief of toothache by application of small cotton saturated with the product into the tooth cavity.
Toothache Drops
67
These are clear, pleasantly flavored, sweetened hydroalcoholic liquids intented for oral as compared to syrup.
Elixirs
68
Defined as alcoholic or hydroalcoholic solution prepared from vegetable material or from chemical substance.
Tincture
69
It is also known as Galenicals.
Fluidextract
70
Three (3) Processes of Fluidextract
1. Process A
2. Process B and D
3. Process C and E
71
A process which entails exhaustive percolation with an alcoholic or hydroalcoholic menstruum.
Process A
72
A process which is used in the preparation of fluidextract with boiling water as the menstruum and alcohol generally added to the concentrated percolate as preservative.
Process B and D
73
A process which is intended to facilitate total drug extraction by collecting 1000 mL of percolate from each 1000 g of drug.
Process C and E
74
It is also known as Embrocations.
Liniments
75
These are alcoholic or oleaginous solutions or emulsions of various medicinal substances intended for external application to the skin, generally with rubbing.
Liniments
76
These are concentrated solutions of sugar in water or other aqueous liquids with or without added flavoring agents and medicinal substances.
Syrups
77
Three (3) Types of Syrup
1. Simple Syrup
2. Medicated Syrup
3. Non-Medicated / Flavored Syrup
78
A type of syrup that is concentrated solution of sucrose in purified water alone.
Simple Syrup
79
A type of syrup that is aqueous solution of sucrose containing other substances as Polyols.
Medicated Syrup
80
A type of syrup that is contained various aromatic and pleasantly flavored substances and is intended as vehicle or flavor of preparations.
Non-Medicated / Flavored Syrup
81
It may be used as the substitute for sucrose in syrups containing strong acids in order to eliminate the discoloration associated with caramelization.
Dextrose
82
These are non-nutritives, synthetic sweetening agents required in the formulation.
Sweeteners
83
It is also known as Clarified or Strained.
Honey
84
It is the secretion deposited in the honeycomb of the bee and consists of mixture of invert sugar.
Honey
85
These are thick, viscid, adhesive liquids, produced by dispersing gum in water.
Mucilages
86
Solutions of mixtures of medicinal or pharmaceutical substances in glycerin.
Glycerites
87
These are aqueous liquid preparations which contains suspended insoluble solid substances and are intended for external use.
Mixtures
88
Administered by the nasal route or oral respiratory route for either local or systemic effect carried into the respiratory passage by the use of special delivery systems.
Inhalations
89
Advantages of Inhalations
- Ease of Administration
- Immediate Availability for Absorption
90
Disadvantages of Inhalations
- Technical Problems
- Special Techniques Required for Poorly Soluble Drugs
- Required Pharmaceutical Elegance with Regards to Taste, Appearance, and Viscosity
91
Factors that Affect Light / Radiation
A. Intensity of the Wavelength of Light
B. Size of the Container
C. Shape of the Container
92
A container with light transmission above 300 nm.
Flint / Colorless Glass Container
93
A container with light transmission above 470 nm.
Amber / Light Resistant Glass Container
94
Four (4) Types of Containers
1. Glass
2. Plastic
3. Metal
4. Rubber
95
It has been the container of choice.
Glass Containers
96
Highly Resistant Borosilicate Glass
Type I Glass Container
97
Treated Soda Lime Glass
Type II Glass Container
98
Soda Lime Glass for Dry Products
Type III Glass Container
99
General Purpose Soda Lime Glass
Type IV Glass Container
100
A type of glass containers that is generally suitable for all parenterals.
Type I
101
A type of glass containers which treated with sulfur dioxide; suitable for parenteral solutions, which is buffered; has pH below 7; not reactive with the glass.
Type II
102
A type of glass containers that is suitable for anhydrous parenteral liquids or dry substances.
Type III
103
A type of glass containers which is not for parenteral use; suitably only for tablets, capsules, suspensions, ointments, and extractives.
Type IV
104
Two (2) Tests for Glass Containers
1. Powdered Glass Test
2. Water Attack Test
105
A test for glass containers that performed on ground to expose internal surface.
Powdered Glass Test
