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Earth Science > Midterms Quiz > Flashcards

Midterms Quiz Flashcards

(112 cards)

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1
Q

They are called intergalactic stars, unaffected by gravity

A

Rogue Stars

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2
Q

An encounter between the Sun and a freely-moving rogue star

A

Encounter Hypothesis

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3
Q

It all started with ice, dust, rocks, and gases which combined in outer space to create a nebula

A

Protoplanet Hypothesis

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4
Q

Accretion took place and the mass of the nebula starts to add up

A

Nebular Hypothesis

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5
Q

Gases from the rogue star form

A

Jovian Planets

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6
Q

Gases from the sun form

A

Terrestrial Planets

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7
Q

Remnants of the Star

A

Asteroids & meteorites

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8
Q

Accumulation of materials

A

Accretion

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9
Q

Earth is divided into two working system

A

Geosphere & Biosphere

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10
Q

A system of the Earth which is made up of non-living materials

A

Geosphere

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11
Q

A system of the Earth which is made up of living materials

A

Biosphere

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12
Q

Utilize and convert energy to keep all cellular activities working

A

Energy Source

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13
Q

breaks down nutrients for the cell to use

A

Liquid Water

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14
Q

Protection from temperature and outside radiation

A

Atmosphere

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15
Q

A symbiotic relationship must be established among them to sustain life processes

A

Organisms

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16
Q

land composed of crust, mantle, and core

A

Lithosphere

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17
Q

the layer that separates the three layers of the earth

A

discontinuity

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18
Q

the layer that separates the inner and outer core

A

Bulen discontinuity

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19
Q

Inner core

A

solid

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20
Q

Outer Core

A

liquid

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21
Q

The reason why Northern and Southern Lights are present

A

deflection of magnetosphere

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22
Q

the layer that separates the outer core and mantle

A

Gutenburg Discontinuity

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23
Q

the layer that separates the crust and mantle

A

Lehmann Discontinuity

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24
Q

cross-like structure in the night sky

A

diffraction of light

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25
the thinnest layer of earth
Crust
26
two types of Crust
Oceanic Crust & Continental Crust
27
Made up of primarily silicon and helium
Crust
28
forms the ocean floor and ridges
Oceanic Crust
29
forms the continents and the shallow seabed near shores
Continental Crust
30
the collision of crust and the one that is thinner will submerge
Convergent
31
made up of granite
Continental Crust
32
made up of basalt
Oceanic
33
more dense
Oceanic
34
less dense
Continental
35
composed of plates that sit on the molten mantle
Crust
36
a zone that is composed of rigid brittle rocks
Lithosphere
37
It is when the movement of the mantle causes the plates to either move apart or together
Convection Currents
38
The thickest layer of the earth
Mantle
39
made up of hot molten rocks
Mantle
40
It is the semi-rigid layer that flows like hot fudge
Asthenosphere
41
the reason why the lithosphere is moving slowly
Asthenosphere
42
composed of molten iron and nickel
Outer Core
43
composed of solid iron and nickel
Inner Core
44
Percentage of Saltwater on Earth
97%
45
percentage of freshwater on earth
3%
46
Freshwater is composed of
Ice, Ground Water, Surface Water, and Atmosphere
47
also called the cryosphere
Ice
48
unusable since the water is stored in solid form
Ice
49
a massive piece of ice attached or moving through the land
Glacier
50
A chunk of ice chipped off a glacier that is floating on open water
Iceberg
51
It is the water hidden in cracks and pores in rocks, sand, and soil below the surface
Groundwater
52
A natural underground water reservoir
Aquifer
53
A layer of low permeability, usually made of clay or sand
Aquitard
54
prevents water from moving into another aquifer
Aquitard
55
An impermeable layer can be overlying or underlying which creates pressure to contain groundwater
Aquiclude
56
A moist terrestrial spot which indicates a presence of groundwater
Flush
57
the common type of freshwater available for animal consumption
Surface Water
58
bodies of surface water that is available throughout the year regardless of the season
Perennial Freshwater
59
main source of usable freshwater
Rivers
60
two types of landforms
Watershed & River Basin
61
directly delivers the fresh water to a large basin
river basin
62
small piece of land which directs fresh water to small streams
Watershed
63
affected by weather, current, and presence of groundwater
Ephemeral Freshwater
64
sloped piece of land in which water from streams is misdirected
Creeks
65
A body of fresh water surrounded by land
Lagoon
66
Its volume changes depending on current or tides
Lagoon
67
Bodies of surface water whose behavior is manipulated for the benefit of men
Manmade Fresh Water
68
A strip of land in which fresh water from rivers are re-directed to harness energy from the current
Dams
69
Constructed to re-direct groundwater or rainwater to a certain land usually for vegetation
Constructed Wetlands
70
water from the leaves of plants exits the stoma in gaseous form
Evapotranspiration
71
the transition of water vapor into ice without transforming first into liquid
Deposition
72
usually occurs in high altitude places where temperatures are very low
Deposition
73
is the opposite of deposition
Sublimation
74
Ice transforms into water vapor without changing first into liquid
Sublimation
75
a layer of frozen soil prevents water from running off or escaping
Permafrost
76
Run-off water can be absorbed by the soil or any porous materials
Infiltration
77
Some aquifers transfer freshwater to saltwater bodies
Estuary
78
the boundary between two bodies
Estuary
79
the lowest and thinnest layer of the atmosphere
Troposphere
80
temperature decreases with altitude
Troposphere
81
The topmost level has -50 celsius
Troposphere
82
the boundary between the troposphere and stratosphere is called
Tropopause
83
where weather occurs
Troposphere
84
contains a high level of ozone
Stratosphere
85
temperature increases with altitude
Stratosphere
86
extends to almost 80 km high
Mesosphere
87
CFC attracts what
2 oxygen
88
Gases are less dense
Mesosphere
89
Gases in this layer absorb very little UV radiation
Mesosphere
90
above the mesosphere and extends to almost 600 km high
Thermosphere
91
readily absorbs solar radiation
Thermosphere
92
The layer which protects the earth from being hit by meteoroids
Mesosphere
93
reflects radiowaves
Thermosphere
94
the interface between Earth and Space
Exosphere
95
radiation from the sun causes the CFCs to breakdown
Ozone Depletion
96
A group of astronomical bodies bonded together by the gravitational pull of a star called Sun (Sol)
Solar System
97
1k temperature swings from day to night because there is no atmosphere
Mercury
98
Revolution of 88 days
Mercury
99
900 F the surface due to a strong greenhouse effect
Venus
100
has no moon
Venus
101
Retrograde rotation –the sun rises in the west and sets in the east
Venus
102
The only planet is known to support life
Earth
103
Natural Satellite (Luna)
Earth
104
Surface composed of 71% liquid water(water: necessary for life on Earth)
Earth
105
Appears red because of iron oxide or rust in its soil
Mars
106
Has 2 moons: Deimos and Phobos
Mars
107
Largest, most massive planet
Jupiter
108
Has 17 known moons: Callisto, Io, Ganymede, Europa (mistresses of Jupiter)
Jupiter
109
Many ice rings are made of ice that extends about 260,000 miles from the surface but is less than 1 mile thick
Saturn
110
30 years to orbit the sun
Saturn
111
Named from a Greek God
Uranus
112
84 years to complete one orbit
Uranus

Earth Science (1 decks)

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