Migrants to and from Britain Flashcards
When did France have a religious reformation?
In the mid-1500s.
What were the divisions between in the French reformation?
- French Catholics (who made up a majority of the population)
- French Protestants
Who were the Huguenots?
French Protestants.
What happened in St Bartholomew’s Day Massacre?
A wave of assassinations and violence was directed at the Huguenots by the French Catholics.
These attacks lasted several weeks and around 30’000 Huguenots were killed.
What was the Edict of Nantes
France made an agreement which allowed Protestants to freely practice their religion
When was the Edict of Nantes decided?
1598.
What did the French King Louis XIV do in 1685?
He rejected the Edict of Nantes and removed the rights of the Huguenots to religious freedom.
What happened as a result of King Louis’s decision in 1685?
40’000 - 50’000 Huguenots decided to migrate to Britain, where they were able to practice their religion freely.
What was significant for Britain about the Huguenots?
The Huguenots were a skilled workforce; many of them became lawyers, bankers, weavers, and watchmakers.
- They were able to settle easily into British society.
What benefits did the Huguenots have for Britain?
- Their skills also brought wealth.
- When the Bank of England was established (in 1694), the Huguenots contributed nearly 10% of the £1.2 million that was needed to set it up.
- The first Governor of the Bank of England was a Huguenot.
What were the Highland Clearances?
During the late 1700s/early 1800s, farmers in the Highlands of Scotland worked on small areas of land called crofts. These farmers (or crofters) were forced off their land and many migrated to Britain or British colonies.
What did the wealthy landlords do during the Highland Clearances?
- They were the ones who forced the crofters off their own land.
- They made their crofts into large farms to use for sheep farming but on a larger scale, which increased productivity and profits.
Where did most of the Scottish migrants go?
A vast majority of migrants moved to British colonies like Canada and New Zealand.
- Many scots from an area called Glengarry migrated to Canada and settled in a part of the country that they named Glengarry County.
How is Scottish Heritage still evident in Glengarry county today?
- Canadian Gaelic is still spoken there.
- Every year the residents hold a Glengarry Highland Games event.
What were the Ulster Plantations?
King James I of England decided to settle English and Scottish protestants in Ulster, in Northern Ireland.
These protestants had the orders to force out the Catholics that lived there, and eventually convert them into Protestants and make them loyal to Britain.
