migration Flashcards
(12 cards)
Why did the Vikings invade Britain?
-Scandinavia was becoming overcrowded
- They knew how wealthy Anglo Saxon kingdoms had become.
- Better farming land.
- Greater opportunities.
Edmund and Cnut 1014-1035 timeline.
Aethelred carries out a mass killing against Vikings in the south of Danelaw (St Brice’s massacres day), Sven Forkbeard is angry as his sister was killed he summons a large army to conquer England Aethelred flees, Forkbeard dies and is succeeded by Cnut (his son) Aethelred returns and forces Cnut back to Denmark, Cnut’s supporters rebel, Aethelred dies Edmund becomes king , Cnut beats Edmund in the battle of Assundun in Essex.
Advantages of King Cnut’s reign.
Peaceful and free from Viking raids, Brought back popular laws of Edgar (the peaceful) and trustworthy English nobles were left to rule their own areas.
Disadvantages of King Cnut’s reign.
Hostile takeover at the beginning, executed a lot of powerful Anglo Saxon people, transferred riches back to Denmark , Danish nobles were given land.
Who were the three racers for the crown?
- William Duke of Normandy
- Harold Godwinson
- Harald Hardrada
How did England change under rule of the Normans?
French customs were introduced, French became the language of those in power, they built hundreds of new churches , cathedrals and monasteries.
What was the Angevin Empire?
Henry II became King of England in October 1154 after the death of Stephen, through land inherited from both his mother and father he was also duke of Normandy, Count of Anjou and Count of Maine.
Time line 1189-1216
Henry II dies and Richard I becomes King (1189), Phillip II of France invades Normandy and Anjou(1193-1194), Richard is killed his brother John becomes king John and Arthur of Brittany are in conflict Arthur is murdered(1199), Angevin Empire starts to crumble under John he runs out of money at a crucial time (1199), Phillip II conquers Maine, Anjou and Brittany(1202-1205), John dies with the loss of Anjou this marks the end of the Angevin Empire(1216).
Causes of the 100 year war.
Economic- Edward risked loosing taxes as the French threatened to take over Gascony.
Political- Edward thought he had a better claim to the throne than the actual French king at the time the French had offered to help with the Scots who Edward was in conflict with.
Social- The people of Britain would loose businesses such as the wool trade and have to pay higher taxes.
The stages of the Battle of Agincourt
- English and French positions at the start of the Battle of Agincourt.
- Henry immediately moved his troops forward and ordered his arches to fire.
3.The French tried to charge at the English but a combination of thick mud and wooden spikes the English set up slowed them down. - The French continued to charge however were bogged down in the mud and were unable to advance English archers continued to attack from above the French got slaughtered.
- The battle was a disaster for the French and any survivors fled.
Short term impacts of the 100 years war.
Some areas of France were devastated withy building crops and animals that were destroyed.
Soldiers and civilians on both sides were killed.
Long term impacts of the 100 years war.
Increased nationalist feeling in both England and France.
English identity developed by gaining a common language and homeland.
England looked to conquer lands outside of Europe and went on to create an empire.
