Migration Flashcards
(27 cards)
permanent international migration
movement of people between countries
emigration
when someone leaves a country
immigration
when someone enters a country
migration blanace
difference between immigrants and emigrants
net migration loss
lose more people through emigration than gain through immigration
net migration gain
receive more people by immigration then lose by emigration
types of migration and example
permanent : stay there forever
seasonal: several months or weeks
semi permanent : for several years
daily : france to switzerland
internal migration
zurich to geneva
internation migration
egypt to guatemala
two types of international migration and reason
voluntary : employment, social
forced : wars, political persecution, natural disaster
reasons for people migrating
economic : work
social : closer to family
political : war or religious/political persecution
environmental : natural disasters
refugees
people forced to leave country for fear of persecution or natural disasters and other shit
asylum seekers
people who left home and applied for protection granted by state and recognition as refugee and wiating for application
illegal immigrant
people who enter a country with min belongings and no personal documents eg passport
economic refugee
people who make conscious choice to leave country knowing they can go back whenever
counterurbanisation
process by which people and employment move away from major cities to smaller settlements
carry capacity
population level that can be supported given quantity of food habitat water and other shit
4 pull factors
climate
job opportunities better paid and shit
better transport
newer better housing (quality)
fewer polluted industrial environments
better services
push factors (4)
older poorer quality housing
bad climate
exhaustion of minerals
poorly paid jobs
poorer transport links
polluted former industrial environments
demographic equation
calculates population change finds decrease/increase in a population
what is the demographic equation
(births - deaths) + net migration
advantages of migration for losing country
money sent home by migrants
migrants might come home skilled
decreases pressure on jobs and resources
disadvantages of migration for losing country
people of working age leave reducing potential work force
gender imbalances, men seek employment elsewhere women and kids left
brain drain if skilled workers leave
advantages of migration for receiving country
richer more diverse country
reduces labour shortages
migrants prepared to take low paid jobs
