migration

Question 1

Define refugee:

Answer 1

A person who has moved outside their country of nationality for fear of persecution

Question 2

Define asylum seeker:

Answer 2

A person who seeks entry to another country by claiming to be a refugee

Question 3

Define remittance:

Answer 3

Funds sent by migrant back to their country of origin

Question 4

Give reasons for migration to UK from Western World and from Eastern Europe:

Answer 4

Western World: Similar culture, language etc..

Eastern Europe: EU free movement of people

Question 5

What is the difference between inter and intra regional migration

Answer 5

Inter: From one region to another
Intra: Within the same region

Question 6

What are 3 of the main countries of origin for UK immigrants?

Answer 6

India
Poland
Pakistan

Question 7

What are the 3 main destination countries of UK emigrants?

Answer 7

Australia
USA
Canada

Question 8

What % of the London population is immigrants?

Answer 8

36.2%

Question 9

What is a common inter regional migration route and how many deaths?

Answer 9

Africa/Middle East to Europe

3 279 deaths trying to cross Mediterranean Sea

Question 10

What is the main motive for intra regional migration?

Answer 10

Economic

E.g. Poland to UK

Question 11

What is free trade (within EU)?

Answer 11

No restrictions or barriers to trade

Essentially can sell what you want within EU

Question 12

What is Trade Protectionism?

Answer 12

Restrictions placed on trade to protect domestic industries

A tariff to make domestic products more competitive

Question 13

What are the major pull factors of the UK (from Poland)?

Answer 13

Immediate right to work
NHS
Diverse culture

Question 14

What are the positive and negative impacts of migration into the UK?

Answer 14

\+ Hard working, reliable workforce
\+ Fast growing economy
- Racism/prejudice
- Overcrowded
- Fly tipping

Question 15

What is the Human Development Index?

Answer 15

Composite index involving life expectancy, GDP per capita and education

Question 16

What links migration and development?

Answer 16

Multiplier Effect

Inequality leading to movement for better opportunities

Question 17

Define multiplier effect:

Answer 17

New economic activity in an area creates more employment

More money -> growth -> investment -> more jobs

Question 18

How can migration promote stability?

Answer 18

Youthful migrants balance population structure
Inc econ stability as money earned in a country is spent in the same country
Spread new learnt ideas in country of origin

Question 19

How can migration promote growth?

Answer 19

Migrants within reproductive age can increase BR

Increased remittances

Question 20

How can migration promote development?

Answer 20

Origin country has less strain on resources

Migration development projects via UN

Question 21

How can migration cause inequality?

Answer 21

Origin country lose portion of young vibrant population

Only some families will receive remittances

Question 22

How can migration cause conflicts?

Answer 22

Unrest between host country and newcomers

International borders become areas of concern

Question 23

How can migration cause injustices?

Answer 23

HR violations:

Forced labour, female exploitation, human trafficking

Question 24

Example of unequal flows of people:

Answer 24

France migration to UK, UK pay France to stop migrants crossing border

Question 25

Example of unequal flows of technology:

Answer 25

Rural LIDCs have limited internet access

Question 26

Example of unequal flows of money:

Answer 26

Some will get less remittances than others

Question 27

What are the main reasons behind increasing migration complexity (6 if possible)?

Answer 27

``` Economic Globalisation Emancipation of Women South to south flows are equal to north to south flows Persecution Policy changes Bilateral corridors ```

Question 28

How does economic globalisation affect migrant complexity?

Answer 28

New places of origin and destination Remittances Improved transport and communication

Question 29

How does emancipation of women affect migrant complexity?

Answer 29

More skilled workers overall | More balanced workforce

Question 30

How does south to south migration affect migrant complexity?

Answer 30

More are fleeing conflict | Inc awareness of opportunities in the south

Question 31

What is the name of the line that divides the north and south?

Answer 31

Brandt Line

Question 32

Define international migrant stock:

Answer 32

Number of people born in a country other than which they live in now (including refugees)

Question 33

How does persecution affect migration complexity?

Answer 33

More migrants fleeing for more reasons (economic hardship, political safety, property destruction)

Question 34

What migration policy changes have been made in recent years?

Answer 34

Australia -> Points System | Pakistan -> Pro emigration, promote manpower abroad, support diasporas

Question 35

How have bilateral corridor developments affected migration complexity?

Answer 35

Cost of travel (proximity) Ease of access and efficiency Improved employment opportunities

Question 36

What is the major bilateral migration corridor that we looked at?

Answer 36

Mexico to USA