Migration and Empire 1830-1939 Chapter 3

Question 1

How many Scots emigrated to Canada between 1900 and 1939?

Answer 1

Half a million

Question 2

What trade did Scots emigrants dominate in Canada?

Answer 2

Hudson Bay Company trading in furs, textiles, furniture making, paper, steel, oil, and iron

Question 3

What evidence is there of Scots emigrants making a huge impact in Canadian economy?

Answer 3

By the end of the century, Scots occupied a third of Canadian business elite despite being only 16% of the population

Question 4

What did most Scots emigrants go to Canada for?

Answer 4

Agricultural opportunities. Raised cattle and crop using skills learned in Scotland.

Question 5

What was the biggest impact Scots made on Canada?

Answer 5

Canadian Pacific Railway which connected parts of Canada that used to be cut off from each other

Question 6

What impact did Scots emigrants make on Politics in Canada?

Answer 6

John MacDonald. Canada’s prime minister who led Canada to independence in 1867

Question 7

What is an example of a Scot emigrant establishing a school in Canada?

Answer 7

1818 George Ramsey established Dalhousie University

Question 8

What contribution did Scottish faith make to Canadian culture?

Answer 8

Church of Scotland funded Queens University

Question 9

What parts of Scottish culture became a part of the culture in Canada?

Answer 9

Highland societies, bagpipe playing, whiskey tasting and ceilidhs

Question 10

How did Scots emigrants get on with Canadian natives?

Answer 10

met them through Hudson Bay company and developed close relations leading to intermarriage between the groups

Question 11

What are Metis people?

Answer 11

Generation of people with an immigrant parent and a native parent

Question 12

What impact did Metis people have on the economy in Canada?

Answer 12

Helped trade flourish as they could communicate with Scots and native tribes

Question 13

What were Metis people thought of by Scots? What did this impression make them do?

Answer 13

Scots thought of them as inferior or savages and forced them off their land

Question 14

What happened in Canada in 1885?

Answer 14

Canadians and Metis people stage rebellion against immigrants but their leader was executed

Question 15

What work did Scots emigrants do in Australia?

Answer 15

Worked in remote settlements to establish farms and towns.

Exported new agricultural techniques that were successful.

Question 16

What areas were Scots emigrants dominant in in Australia?

Answer 16

Finance, engineering, shipping, coal mining, sugar and manufacturing

Question 17

Who were James and Alexander Brown? What did they do?

Answer 17

Scots emigrants that set up coal mines in Newcastle and New South Wales which were very successful

Question 18

What industry was Samuel McWilliams visible in and what did he do?

Answer 18

Wine. He planted new vines in 1877

Question 19

What industry was Robert MacCracken involved in? What did he achieve?

Answer 19

Brewing industry. His brewery produced 100 000 barrels annually

Question 20

Who is Andrew Fisher?

Answer 20

Australian prime minister

Question 21

How did Scots impact on Australian culture?

Answer 21

Scottish societies, burns clubs. Some regions had their own tartan, national songs ‘Waltzing Matilda’ and ‘Advance Australia Fair’ were written by Scots

Question 22

Who was Catherine Helen Spence and what was her impact on Australian politics?

Answer 22

Born in Melrose Scotland. Political writer, helped advance democracy and women’s rights in Australia

Question 23

What is an example of a school that had Scottish links and a Scottish foundation in Australia?

Answer 23

Melbourne Academy, also known as ‘Scotch College’

Question 24

What impact did the Scottish Kirk make on Australian education?

Answer 24

Set up 42 parish schools in New South Wales

Question 25

How did Scottish emigrants get on with Australian natives?

Answer 25

Came into conflict with Aborigines who were used to moving freely within Australia and didn't like being told where they could and couldn't go

Question 26

What effect did the Hornet Bank Massacre have on the population of Aborigines?

Answer 26

Almost completely wiped them out

Question 27

Who was Dr David Munro and what did he do?

Answer 27

Introduced the first sheep to New Zealand

Question 28

What industries did Scottish emigrants get involved in in New Zealand? Who was Thomas Brydone?

Answer 28

Frozen meat and dairy exports. Thomas Brydone founded New Zealand and Australian Land Company

Question 29

Where did many Scots emigrants settle in New Zealand?

Answer 29

Otago province (capital Dunedin) which was developed by Free Church of Scotland as Presbyterian colony

Question 30

What did New Zealand rugby teams do to show pride in Scottish roots?

Answer 30

Rugby team named Highlanders which was homage to Scottish roots

Question 31

What was set up in 1871 in New Zealand?

Answer 31

First school for girls

Question 32

What parts of New Zealand culture was inspired by Scottish roots?

Answer 32

Caledonian societies, clubs and pipebands. Common Scottish surnames 'Campbell' and 'MacDonald'

Question 33

What was the initial relationship between Maori and Scots emigrants?

Answer 33

Good. Maori helped Scots emigrants settle during harsh Winters in 1848-9. Some Maori converted to Christianity and sold land freely to Scots

Question 34

When was the Treaty of Waitangi established and what was it?

Answer 34

1840: to protect Maori land and allow British government to rule New Zealand

Question 35

How successful was the Treaty of Waitangi?

Answer 35

Not very as it was unclear who owned what and it led to conflict as Scots moved onto land that wasn't theirs (1845-72)

Question 36

What impact did Donald Maclean have on relationship between Scots and Maori?

Answer 36

Positive. He learned the Maori language in order to foster a better working relationship with them

Question 37

Was there any evidence of intermarriage between Maroi and Scots?

Answer 37

Yes

Question 38

What industries were Scots emigrants involved in in India?

Answer 38

Jute, timber, coal, sugar, indigo and cotton

Question 39

What trade did Scots emigrants help in in India? What did they achieve?

Answer 39

Tea trade. Helped India to become lead distributor in the world. Eg. Thomas Lipton who was a Glasgow merchant

Question 40

Who was James Ramsey and what impact did he have on India?

Answer 40

Governor-General. Oversaw creation of railway connecting remote areas with large cities. Helped build school which improved literacy levels and over time improved the economy

Question 41

What changes did Dalhousie make in India and what were the results of it?

Answer 41

Banned Suttee: a Hindu practice where widow throws herself on dead husbands funeral pyre. He did this as some women were being forced to do it when they didn't want to. Banned thuggee: group of killers who attacked travellers by strangling them. Strangled hundreds of thugs making India safer for travellers.

Question 42

Why did Dalhousie make such big changes in India?

Answer 42

He thought of them as uncivilised and immoral

Question 43

What was happening in India in 1857?

Answer 43

Mutiny. Indian troops from East India Company Army rebelled against British officers as they believed they didn't respect Hindu or Islamic faith