MILESTONE IN ZOOLOGY

Question 1

Father of Medicine; established the first biomedical tradition

Answer 1

Hippocrates

Question 2

Father of Zoology; provided the first broad classification of
living things into plants and animals

Answer 2

Aristotle

Question 3

Developed descriptions of anatomy and physiology

Answer 3

Galen

Question 4

Discovered the lymphatic system

Answer 4

Thomas Bartholin

Question 5

Jan Swammerdam

Answer 5

Described the red blood corpuscles (RBCs

Question 6

Demonstrated capillary circulation

Answer 6

Marcelo Malpighi

Question 7

Discovered cells through his studies on cork

Answer 7

Robert Hook

Question 8

Regnier de Graaf

Answer 8

described the ovarian follicles

Question 9

Anton von
Leeuwenhoek

Answer 9

Father of Microscopy; discovered protozoans

Question 10

Introduced the concept about species to a particular kind of
organism and point out variations among members of a
species

Answer 10

John Ray

Question 11

Stephen Hales

Answer 11

Pioneered the measurement of blood pressure

Question 12

Introduced the binomial system of species classification

Answer 12

Carolus Linnaeus

Question 13

Joseph Priestley

Answer 13

Discovered oxygen as a gas released by plants during
photosynthesis

Question 14

Introduced the study and development of vertebrate
paleontology

Answer 14

George Cuvier

Question 15

concept of use and disuse

Answer 15

Jean Baptiste de
Lamarck

Question 16

Karl Ernst von Baer

Answer 16

Discovered the mammalian ovum

Question 17

First observation of Brownian movement

Answer 17

Robert Brown

Question 18

Introduced concepts of homology and analogy

Answer 18

Richard Owen

Question 19

Carl Theodor Ernst
von Siebold

Answer 19

Established the status of protozoa as single-celled organisms

Question 20

Described fertilization of frog ovum by spermatozoa

Answer 20

George Newport

Question 21

Proposed the concept of omnis cellula e cellula (every cells
from a cell) – existing cells come from pre-existing cells

Answer 21

Rudolf Virchow

Question 22

Charles Darwin and
Louis Pasteur

Answer 22

ntroduced the concept of natural selection as a factor in
evolution; refuted the theory of spontaneous generation

Question 23

Alfred Russel
Wallace

Answer 23

Postulated the Wallace line of faunal delimitation

Question 24

Introduced the concept of modern zoological classification

Answer 24

Ernst Haeckel

Question 25

Introduced the concept of nuclear control of inheritance

Answer 25

Ernst Haeckel

Question 26

Formulated the first 2 laws of heredity

Answer 26

Gregor Mendel

Question 27

Ernst Haeckel

Answer 27

Postulated the gastrea hypothesis of metazoan ancestry

Question 28

Described mitotic cell division

Answer 28

Eduard Strasburger

Question 29

Introduced the concept of adaptive radiation in evolution

Answer 29

Henry Fairfield Osborn

Question 30

Introduced the mutation theory of evolution

Answer 30

Hugo de Vries

Question 31

Described the homologous pairing of maternal and paternal chromosomes in zygotes

Answer 31

Thomas H. Montgomery

Question 32

Discovered the islet cells in the pancreas

Answer 32

Paul Langerhans

Question 33

Theodor Boveri and Walter S. Sutton

Answer 33

Postulated a parallelism between chromosome behavior and Mendelian segregation

Question 34

Discovered sex linkage and definitively linked trait inheritance to a specific chromosome after a series of experiments with Drosophila

Answer 34

Thomas H. Morgan

Question 35

Advocated the use of chemotherapy in treatment of disease

Answer 35

Paul Ehrlich

Question 36

Developed X-ray diffractometry

Answer 36

Reginald Oliver Herzog and Willy Jancke

Question 37

Introduced the concept of a functional automatic nervous system

Answer 37

John N. Langley

Question 38

Proposed the concept of the cell membrane as having a phospholipid bilayer surrounded by outer and inner layers of globular proteins

Answer 38

James Fredric Danielli and Hugh Davson

Question 39

Demonstrated the existence of the citric acid cycle during aerobic respiration

Answer 39

Hans Adolf Krebs

Question 40

Studies certain mutations in corn where she developed the concept of mobile genetic components (jumping genes)

Answer 40

Barbara McClintock

Question 41

Discovered that the amount of purine bases are equal to the amount of pyrimidine bases

Answer 41

Erwin Chargaff

Question 42

Discovered the structure of DNA

Answer 42

Francis Crick and James D. Watson

Question 43

Introduced the concept of sliding filament theory of muscle contraction

Answer 43

Hugh Esmor Huxley and Andrew Fielding Huxley

Question 44

Stanley Ben Prusiner

Answer 44

Discovered prions, the proteinaceous infectious particles that cause mad cow disease in cattle

Question 45

Seymour Jonathan Singer and Garth L. Nicholson

Answer 45

Introduced the fluid mosaic model of biological membranes

Question 46

Discovered oncogenes, the genes that cause cancer

Answer 46

John Michael Bishop and Harold E. Varmus