milgram

Question 1

who, how many and what age were Milgram’s ppts?

Answer 1

40 males aged between 20 - 50 years old.

Question 2

what research method was used?

Answer 2

lab experiment

Question 3

what sampling method was used?

Answer 3

volunteer

Question 3

what did ppt think they were volunteering for?

Answer 3

a memory test

Question 4

what was Milgram investigating in this study?

Answer 4

destructive obedience

Question 5

how many confederates were there and who were they?

Answer 5

2, the learner and the experimenter

Question 6

how was the teacher and learner decided?

Answer 6

the participants drew slips of paper to decide which of them would play the role of teacher or learner. the selection was rigged the ppt always got teacher.

Question 7

what happens after the roles are selected?

Answer 7

the teacher sees the learner strapped to an “electric chair”. leather straps are used to “prevent excessive movement” and an electrode paste “to avoid blisters and burns” is applied before an electrode is placed on the learner wrist. the teacher is told that the electrode is linked to a shock generator in the adjoining room

Question 8

how many switches does the shock machine and what is the highest voltage?

Answer 8

30 switches, going from 15v to 450

Question 9

how often are there shock labels on the switches and what they range from and to?

Answer 9

every four switches has a label, ranging from slight shock to xxx

Question 10

what happens when each switch is pressed?

Answer 10

electric buzz heard
a voltage metre moves
various relay clicks are heard

Question 11

what does the experimenter do the show the ppt the shocks are real

Answer 11

experimenter uses 3rd switch (45 volts) to give teacher “sample” shock

Question 12

what instructions were the ppts given about the task?

Answer 12

1. teacher told administer a shock when the learner gets a question wrong and to increase voltage each time announcing each voltage level.
2. learner told to make no comment or protest until the shock level of 300v was reached. at this points they should pound on the wall but then make no comment after that.

Question 13

what verbal prods were used if the teacher was hesitant or asked for guidance?

Answer 13

1. “please continue”
   2.” the experiment requires that you continue”
   3.”its absolutely essential that you continue”
   4.”you have no other choice, you must go on”

Question 14

what was the ppt told if they asked about the wellbeing of the learner?

Answer 14

“although shocks may be painful, there is no permanent damage, so go on”

Question 15

what did milgram want to know?

Answer 15

if the teachers would shock the learner and continue to shock the learner even after they protest.

Question 16

what did milgram record?

Answer 16

the maximum voltage each ppt went to and made detailed observations of the teachers behaviour.