Military History- Civil War

Question 1

4 causes of the Civil War:

Answer 1

• state’s rights
• slavery
• tariffs
• Patrone factor

Question 2

11 states that made up the Confederate States of America:

Answer 2

South Carolina
Mississippi
Florida
Alabama
Georgia
Louisiana
Texas
Virginia
Arkansas
Tennessee
North Carolina

Question 3

What battle started the Civil War?

Answer 3

Battle of Fort Sumter, April 1861

Question 4

WASP (civil war)

Answer 4

white, Anglo-Saxon Protestants

Question 5

Over 2 million Federal Soldiers were under the age of ___

Answer 5

21

Question 6

___ and ___ were the worst enemies that Confederates and Union soldiers faced.

Answer 6

sickness, insufficient medical treatment

Question 7

Union privates were only paid ___ per month and Confederate privates ___ per month.

Answer 7

$13, $11

Question 8

Of the ___ Soldiers involved in the Civil War, only ___ were regulars of the armed forces. Most were volunteers from State organized units.

Answer 8

3.5 million,

75,000

Question 9

Rations were terrible during the Civil War, but the problem was not supply. It was ______

Answer 9

transportation breakdowns, corruption, and bureaucratic incompetence.

Question 10

During Civil War, over ___ Black troops joined Union Army, making up ___%.

Answer 10

180,000

10%

Question 11

What were black Soldiers of the Civil War called?

Answer 11

Buffalo Soldiers

Question 12

It is estimated that 200+ women ___ during the Civil War.

Answer 12

served in war disguised as men.

Question 13

The Civil War took place from ___ to ___

Answer 13

1861 to 1865

Question 14

During the Civil War, early battles were fought using “___” Principles and by the end we saw a preview of WWI style ____

Answer 14

Napoleonic, trench warfare

Question 15

When was Abraham Lincoln elected president?

Answer 15

Nov 1860

Question 16

While the South tended to name their battles after nearby ___, the North name them after ___

Answer 16

cities, rivers/creeks

Question 17

What were some of the major reasons the Confederacy lost the war?

Answer 17

• poor economy
• lack of manpower and industry
• railroads ran North to South
• Union had unlimited resources and better Generals

Question 18

In 1855, the national armories began converting smoothbore into ___

Answer 18

rifles

Question 19

The ___ ignition system was developed in ___ and was unique because it did not have an exposed flash pan.

Answer 19

Percussion cap, 1805

Question 20

In the ___, muzzle-loaders started getting replaced by ___

Answer 20

1850s, breechloaders

Question 21

The British Pattern 1853 ___ has the distinction of being the second most common infantry weapon in the Civil War.

Answer 21

Enfield Rifled Musket

Question 22

Why were rapid-fire weapons rarely used during the Civil War?

Answer 22

waste of ammunition

Question 23

___ was an essential branch of the armed forces during the Civil War. Each battery having 4-6 guns commanded by a Captain. Each gun had ___ cannoneers.

Answer 23

Artillery, 9

Question 24

1st submarine to sink a ship during wartime:

Answer 24

CSS Hunley sank USS Housatonic in Feb 1864

Question 25

What 7 innovations changed the way Wars were fought: (Civil war)

Answer 25

1. Telecommunications
2. photojournalism
3. aerial observation (balloons)
4. submarines
5. steam and iron-clad ships
6. railroads
7. rapid-fire weapons

Question 26

Describe first rapid-fire weapon used in combat.

Answer 26

The Williams breech-loading rapid-fire gun, crank operated, 1.57 caliber, 2,000 yards, used at Battle of Seven Pines in 1861.

Question 27

What two ships fought to a draw during Civil War?

Answer 27

Monitor and Merrimac off Hampton Roads, VA

Question 28

What is a portable spike barrier called?

Answer 28

Chevaux-de-friese

Question 29

Describe gun, Howitzer and early Mortar

Answer 29

Gun- high velocity, flat trajectory
Howitzer- low velocity, arched, adjustable
Mortar- low velocity, very arched, hard to aim

Question 30

Describe Confederacy campaign strategy.

Answer 30

defensive, trading materials with European powers

Question 31

Describe Union campaign strategy

Answer 31

Keeping boarder states within Union, blockading coast to start Confederates, dividing the Confederacy

Question 32

Also known as First Bull Run, this tactical Confederate victory left Southerners overconfident and stiffened Northern resolution.

Answer 32

Manassas, VA, 21 Jul 1861

Question 33

Tactical victory for the Confederates that almost stopped Southern momentum in an essential border State.

Answer 33

Wilson’s Creek, MO, 10 Aug 1861

Question 34

This series of battles drove the principle Union Army away from the Confederate capital.

Answer 34

Seven Days’ Battles, VA 25 Jun-1 Jul 1862

Question 35

Gen. Lee’s Army routed the second prong of the Union effort against Richmond.

Answer 35

Second Manassas, VA 29-30 Aug 1862

Question 36

In a battle known to the South as “Sharpsburg” Gen. George McClellan failed to destroy Lee’s isolated and weakened Army, but stopped the first invasion of the North. Pres Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation which made slavery the main issue of the conflict and kept Europe from recognizing the Confederate States of America.

Answer 36

Antietam, MD, 17 Sep 1862

Question 37

Two assaults on either end of Lee’s Army both failed with heavy Union losses and the defeat severely affected Northern morale.

Answer 37

Fredericksburg, VA 11-15 Dec 1862

Question 38

This classic defeat of advancing Union Army paved the way for another invasion of the North.

Answer 38

Chancellorville, VA, 2-4 May 1863

Question 39

Here the Union Army of the Potomac won its first real victory over lee’s Army ending the deepest invasion of northern territory. The infantry frontal assault by the Confederates on the final day of this battle was called Pickett’s Charge. Deadliest battle in American history.

Answer 39

Gettysburg, PA 1-3 Jul 1863

Question 40

The largest and costliest battle ever fought in North America (Civil War)

Answer 40

Battle of Gettysburg, PA 1863

Question 41

The capture of the entire Confederate Army spread gloom through the South, opened the Mississippi River to Union control, and split the Confederacy in two. It brought a man who could match Confederate Leaders to the forefront- Ulysses S. Grant.

Answer 41

Siege of Vicksburg, MS, 19 May- 4 Jul 1863

Question 42

The capture of this important manufacturing and communication center helped President Lincoln win reelection.

Answer 42

Atlanta, GA 6 May- Sep 1864

Question 43

Accumulated fragments of the Confederacy’s western and southern Armies made one last bold attack, but overpowering Federal reinforcements forced a retreat.

Answer 43

Bentonville, NC, 19-21 Mar 1865

Question 44

With the surrender here of its most powerful and prestigious Army, the Confederacy’s doom was assured.

Answer 44

Appomattox, VA 19-21 Mar 1865