milk

Question 1

What factors determine the flavour, fat content, and colour of cow milk?

Answer 1

• Breed of the cow
• Season
• Diet

These factors can significantly influence the characteristics of milk.

Question 2

What is the typical protein content in cow milk?

Answer 2

3.5-5%

This range can vary based on several factors including the cow’s breed and diet.

Question 3

What is the water content in cow milk?

Answer 3

85.2-86.4%

This high water content is essential for hydration and nutrient transport.

Question 4

Which animals commonly produce milk for human consumption?

Answer 4

• Cow
• Goat
• Sheep

These animals are primary sources of milk globally.

Question 5

What is primary processing of milk?

Answer 5

When the farmer milks the animal.

This is the initial step in the milk production process.

Question 6

What is secondary processing of milk?

Answer 6

Heat treatment

This includes processes like pasteurization and sterilization.

Question 7

What temperature is used to pasteurize milk?

Answer 7

75°C

This process helps to destroy harmful bacteria.

Question 8

What is homogenized milk?

Answer 8

Milk that is forced through fine filters to break up large fat globules.

This process ensures uniform consistency and creaminess.

Question 9

What is the temperature used for sterilizing milk?

Answer 9

80°C followed by heating at 110-150°C

This method destroys bacteria and extends shelf life.

Question 10

What is UHT milk and its processing temperature?

Answer 10

Ultra-High Temperature milk, processed at 135°C

This method kills bacteria and allows for long shelf life without refrigeration.

Question 11

Fill in the blank: The nutritional value of milk includes _______ for strong bones.

Answer 11

calcium

Calcium is essential for bone health.

Question 12

True or False: Vitamin D in milk helps fight infections and aids in calcium absorption.

Answer 12

True

Vitamin D plays a crucial role in immune function and calcium metabolism.

Question 13

What vitamins are soluble in milk?

Answer 13

• Vitamins B
• Vitamins C

These vitamins contribute to various bodily functions.

Question 14

What is the carbohydrate content in cow milk?

Answer 14

4.8%

Carbohydrates in milk primarily come from lactose.

Question 15

What role does vitamin A play in relation to milk?

Answer 15

Supports eyesight and skin health

Vitamin A is essential for maintaining healthy vision and skin integrity.

Question 16

What is the fat content range for skimmed milk?

Answer 16

0-3%

Skimmed milk is characterized by its low fat content.

Question 17

What is the fat content of full-fat milk?

Answer 17

10% +

Full-fat milk is also referred to as whole milk.

Question 18

What is the fat content range for semi-skimmed milk?

Answer 18

4-10%

Semi-skimmed milk has a moderate fat content.

Question 19

What is the storage requirement for powdered milk?

Answer 19

Room temperature

Powdered milk can be stored at room temperature until opened.

Question 20

How should evaporated or condensed milk be stored?

Answer 20

Canned

Evaporated and condensed milk are shelf-stable in sealed cans.

Question 21

What is the storage method for fresh milk?

Answer 21

Refrigerated

Fresh milk should be kept in the refrigerator to maintain its freshness.

Question 22

Can milk be frozen?

Answer 22

Yes

Milk can be frozen to extend its shelf life.

Question 23

Fill in the blank: The fat content of whole milk is _______.

Answer 23

10% +

Whole milk is also known as full-fat milk.

Question 24

What are some alternatives to cow’s milk?

Answer 24

• Soya milk
• Coconut milk

These are popular plant-based alternatives to dairy milk.