Minerals Flashcards
(32 cards)
What is a mineral?
Minerals are the naturally occurring, inorganic solid with crystalline structure and chemical formula
What is the Five type of a mineral
1:Natural’s characteristics
2:inorganic Nature
3:solid structure
4:orderly crystalline structure
5:chemical formula
What is a Rock?
A Rock is an aggregate of minerals, that naturally occurs as part of our planet.
What is an Aggregate
An Aggregate is a combination of minerals that persevere their individual characteristics
What is an Atom?
An Atom is the Smallest Particle matter.
What does Atoms contain of and are the meaning behind each one?
:Protons: dense particles with positive charge.
:Neutron:dense particles with neutral charge.
:Electrons:Negligible mass with negative charge.
What is Atomic Number?
What is an Element?
What is the Periodic Table?
Number of protons in the nucleus.
Elements are composed of atoms.
Is it a useful tool scientists use to know elements.
Why do Atom Bond?
Distinguish among ionic bonds, covalent bonds, and Metalic.
What is a Valence Electrons?
Play a key role in forming chemical bonds between atoms any transfer or sharing of electrons
What is the Valence shell?
An Atom’s outermost shell of electrons
What is the octet rule?
Describes the tendency of atoms to achieve stability by gaining, losing, or sharing electrons to attain a complete valence shell with 8 electrons.
What is chemical Bond?
The result of interactions of atoms that result in the formation of molecules or compounds.
What is Ions?
Positively and negatively charged particles.
Can an Atom become positive and Nagative Ion? And how?
Yes. Atom can become positive or negative ion by given up one or more Valence electrons becomes a positive ion.
What is the definition of Ionic Bonding?
One atom donates its electrons to another
What is the difference between an Atom and an Ion?
An atom does not have charge.
Ions does have charge.
What is a covalent bonds?
Covalent bonding is when two atoms equally share valences electrons.
What is a Metallic Bonds?
Metallic bonding is a several metal atoms contribute their valence electrons to a pool of electrons that are free to move through entire structures
Extra note: all become positive and negative fly around
How do you identify a minerals?
Luster:Describes the quality of light reflected off a mineral surface.
Color:the use of color is often ambiguous and not really useful.
Streak:describe the color of a minerals in powered form.
Ability to transmit light:light can travel through a mineral causing it to be translucent or transparent.
What is Opaque, Translucent and transparent?
Opaque: is when no light transmitted through a mineral sample.
Translucent: is when light but not and image is transmitted.
Transparent: is when both light and an image are visible through the mineral sample.
What is use to describe a shape of Minerals?
Crystal shape and Habit
What is the specific gravity of a mineral?
Describe the density of minerals.
What is a mineral strength?
It is the how easily minerals break or deform is determined by the bonds.
How is a mineral strength determined?
Hardness: ability to resist scratching
Cleavage: tendency to break along planes of weak bounding.
Fracture: random pattern of breakage.
Tenacity:resistance to cutting, breaking, bending and deformation.
