Minerals Flashcards
(255 cards)
1
Q
what is the Formula for Quartz?
A
SiO2
2
Q
What is the system for Quartz?
A
Hexagonal-trigonal
3
Q
The habit for Quartz?
A
Hexagonal prisms terminated by rhombohedra, massive, granular
4
Q
The lustre of Quartz?
A
Vitreous
5
Q
What is the colour of Quartz?
A
Colourless
6
Q
What is the streak of Quartz?
A
White
7
Q
Does Quartz have a cleavage?
A
No
8
Q
What type of fracture does Quartz have?
A
Conchoidial
9
Q
Hardness of Quartz?
A
7
10
Q
Whats the Specific gravity of Quarts?
A
2.25
11
Q
What is the other name of Orthoclase?
A
K- Feldspar
12
Q
What is the chemical formula for Orthoclase?
A
KAlSi3O8
13
Q
What system does Orthoclase have?
A
Monoclinic
14
Q
What is habits does Orthoclase have?
A
prismatic, flattened or elongate,simple twins, massive.
15
Q
What colour streak does Orthoclase have?
A
White
16
Q
What colour is Orthoclase?
A
White, grey, pink, red or flesh coloured
17
Q
Does Orthoclase have Cleavage?
A
2 at 90 degrees
18
Q
What fracture does Orthoclase have?
A
Conchoidal to uneven fracture and splintery
19
Q
What hardness does Orthoclase have?
A
6
20
Q
What is the specific gravity of Orthoclase?
A
2.6
21
Q
What is the Other name for Albite?
A
Plagioclase Feldspar
22
Q
What is the formula for Albite?
A
NaAlSi3O8
23
Q
What system does Albite have?
A
Triclinic
24
Q
What habit does Albite have?
A
Tabular or irregular, granular
Multiple, twining common
25
What lustre does Albite Have?
Virtreous
26
What colour is Albite?
White, bluish, greyish, reddish, greenish tinge
27
What streak does Albite have?
White
28
Does Albite have cleavage?
2 at 90
29
Does Albite Fracture?
Yes, unevenly
30
What hardness does Albite have?
6-6.5
31
What is Albite specific gravity?
2.6-2.62
32
What is another name for Anorthite?
Plagioclase Feldspar but Ca rich.
33
What is the formula for Anorthite?
CaAl2Si2O8
34
What system does Anorthite have?
Triclinic
35
What habits does Anorthite have?
Prismatic or elongate or cleavable masses
36
What Lustre does Anorthite have?
Vitreous
37
What is the colour of Anorthite?
White or Colourless
38
What streak does Anorthite have?
White
39
Does Anorthite have a cleavage?
2 at 90 degrees
40
What type of fracture is found in Anorthite?
Conchoidal fracture
41
What hardness does Anorthite have?
6-6.5
42
What is Anorthite's Specific gravity?
2.7
43
What is Biotites full name?
Biotite mica
44
What is the formula for Biotite?
K(Mg,Fe)3 (AlSi3O10)(OH)2
45
What system does Biotite have?
Monoclinic
46
What habits does Biotite have?
Pseudo-hexagonal flakes, tabular, very thin, flexible, elastic
47
What is the lustre of Biotite?
Pearly, Vitreous, sub-metallic splendent
48
What is the colour of Biotite
Brown, black, dark green
49
What colour streak does Biotite have?
White
50
Does Biotite have a cleavage
1 perfect basal cleavage
51
Does Biotite fracture?
No
52
What is the hardness value of Biotite?
2.5-3.0
53
What specific gravity does Biotite have?
2.7-3.1
54
What is the formula for Muscovite?
KAl2(AlSiO10)(OH)2
55
What system does Muscovite have?
Monoclinic
56
What habit does Muscovite have?
Pseudo-hexagonal, tabular-platy, cleavage flakes, flexible and elastic
57
What is the lustre for Muscovite?
Vitreous, pearly
58
What is the colour of Muscovite?
Colourless, pale colours
59
What colour streak does Muscovite have?
White
60
Does Muscovite have cleavage?
1 perfect basal cleavage yielding flakes
61
What type of fracture does Muscovite have?
No fracture
62
What is the hardness of Muscovite?
2-2.5
63
What is the specific gravity of Muscovite?
2.7-3
64
What is the formula for Chlorite?
(Mg,Fe,Al)6 (Al,Si)4O10 (OH)8
65
What system does Chlorite have?
Monoclinic
66
What habit does Chlorite have?
Scaly aggregates, fine grained masses, granular, flakes not elastic
67
What lustre does Chlorite have?
Pearly
68
What is the colour of Chlorite?
Green of various shades
69
What is the colour of the streak for Chlorite?
Pale green, white
70
Does Chlorite have a cleavage?
One perfect basal cleavage
71
Does Chlorite fracture?
NO
72
What Hardness does Chlorite have?
1.5-2.5
73
What is the specific gravity of Chlorite?
2.65-2.9
74
What is another name for hornblende?
Amphibole
75
What is the formula for Hornblend?
NaCa2(Mg,Fe,Al)5(SiAl)8O22(OH)2
76
What system does Hornblende have?
Prismatic, bladed, massive, granular
77
What lustre does Hornblende have?
Vitreous
78
What is the colour of Hornblende?
Dark green, black
79
What colour streak does Hornblende have?
White, grey
80
Does Hornblende have cleavage?
2 at 60 degrees (120 degrees)
81
What type of fracture does hornblende have?
uneven fracture
82
What is the hardness of hornblende?
5-6
83
What it the specific gravity of Hornblende?
3-3.4
84
What is the scientific name for Augite?
Clinopyroxene
85
What system does Augite have?
Monoclinic
86
What is the formular for Augite?
Ca(Mg,Fe,Al)2 (AlSi)2O6
87
What system does Augite have?
Monoclinic
88
What is the habit of Augite?
Short prismatic xtals,
often square x-sect, granular,
massive, often twinned
89
What is the Lustre of Augite?
Vitreous
90
What colour does Augite have?
Black and greenish black
91
What colour streak does Augite have?
White, grey
92
Does Augite have Cleavage?
2 at 90 degrees
93
Does Augite fracture?
NO
94
What is the Hardness of Augite?
5-6
95
What is the Specific gravity of Augite?
3.2-3.5
96
What is the formula for Olivine?
(Fe,Mg)2SiO4
97
What are the two types of Olivine
Forsterite (Mg) and Fayalite (Fe)
98
What system does Olivine have?
Orthorhombic
99
What habit does Olivine have?
Prismatic with modified domes, massive, granular
100
What type of lustre does Olivine have?
Vitreous
101
What colour is Olivine?
Shades of green, pale green, olive green, grey-green, brown, black , darker with inc Fe content.
102
What colour streak is Olivine?
White
103
Does Olivine have a cleavage?
No
104
What type of fracture does Olivine have?
Conchoidal fracture
105
What is the hardness of Olivine?
6-7
106
What is the specific gravity of Olivine?
3.2-4.3
107
What is the formular for calcite?
CaCO3
108
What system does Calcite have?
Hexagonal
109
What is Calcites habit?
Cleavage rhombs, prismatic or tabular, reacts with HCl
110
What is the Lustre of Calcite?
Vitreous
111
What is the colour of calcite?
White, colourless (grey, yellow, blue, red, green, black tints)
112
What is the colour of the streak for Calcite?
White
113
Does Calcite have Cleavage?
3 at 75 degrees yielding rhombohedra
114
What type of fracture does Calcite have?
Conchoidal fracture - difficult to observe
115
What is the hardness of Calcite?
3.0
116
What the specific gravity of Calcite?
2.7
117
The formula for Gypsum
CaSO4.2H2O
118
What is the system for Gypsum?
Monoclinic
119
What habit does Gypsum have?
swallow-tailed and arrow-head forms, laminated, granular, fibrous, flexible but not elastic
120
What type of lustre does gypsum have?
Vitreous, pearly, fibrous - silky
121
What colour is Gypsum?
White, grey, yellow
122
What colour streak does Gypsum have?
White
123
Does Gypsum have cleavage?
1 Perfect, 2 poor
124
What type of fracture does Gypsum have?
Fibrous, or thin non-elastic plates
125
What is the Hardness of Gypsum?
Hardness: 1.5-2, scratched by finger nail
126
What is the specific gravity for Gypsum?
2.3
127
What is the chemical for Barite?
BaSO4
128
What system does Barite have?
Orthorhombic
129
What habit does Barite have?
Tabular, prismatic, massive, lamellar, fibrous
130
What lustre does Barite have?
Vitreous
131
What is the colour of Barite?
Colourless, white, tinged yellow, red, brown
132
What is the colour of the streak for Barite?
White
133
Does Barite have cleavage?
2 Perfect cleavages
134
What type of fracture does Barite have?
uneven fracture
135
What is the hardness value for Barite?
3-3.5
136
What is the specific gravity for Barite?
4.3-4.6
137
What is the chemical formula for Fluorite?
CaF2
138
What system does Fluorite?
Cubic
139
What habit does Fluorite have?
cubes and octahedra, octahedral cleavage fragments, granular, massive
140
What lustre does Fluorite have?
Vitreous
141
What is the colour of Fluorite?
All colours
142
What colour streak does Fluorite have?
White
143
Does Fluorite have cleavage?
Perfect octahedral cleavage (4),
144
What type of fracture does Fluorite have?
conchoidal to uneven fracture
145
What hardness is Fluorite?
4
146
What is the specific gravity for Fluorite?
3-3.2
147
What is the formula for Pyrite?
FeS2
148
What system does pyrite have?
Cubic
149
What habits does Pyrite have?
Cubes, pyritohedron and octahedra, massive, granular, faces of cube often striated
150
What type of lustre does Pyrite have?
Metallic
151
What is the colour for Pyrite?
Pale brass-yellow
152
What colour streak does pyrite have?
Greenish, brown-black
153
Does pyrite have cleavage?
Poor cleavage
154
What type of fracture does Pyrite have?
Conchoidal, uneven fracture
155
How hard is Pyrite?
6–6.5
156
What is the specific gravity of Pyrite?
5
157
What is the formula for Chalcopyrite?
CuFeS2
158
What system does Chalcopyrite have?
Tetragonal
159
What is the habit for Chalcopyrite?
usually massive
160
What type of Lustre does Chalcopyrite?
Metallic
161
What is the colour of Chalcopyrite?
Brass-yellow (tarnishes)
162
What is the colour of the streak of Chalcopyrite?
Greenish black
163
Does Chalcopyrite have cleavage?
Imperfect
164
What type of fracture does Chalcopyrite have?
uneven, conchoidal fracture
165
What Hardness value does Chalcopyrite?
3.5-4
166
What is the Specific Gravity of Chalcopyrite?
4.1–4.3
167
What is the formula for Galena?
PbS
168
What system does Galena have?
Cubic
169
What habit does Galena have?
Cubic crystals, massive, granular
170
What type of Lustre does Galena have?
Metallic, but often dull
171
What is the colour for Galena?
Lead-grey
172
What is the colour of the streak of Galena?
Lead-grey
173
Does Galena have cleavage?
Perfect cubic (3), crumbles readily into small cubes when struck
174
What type of fracture does Galena have?
sub-conchoidal, flat
175
What is the hardness of Galena?
2.5
176
What is the specific gravity of Galena?
7.6
177
What is the formula for Sphalerite?
ZnS
178
What is system for Sphalerite?
Cubic
179
What habit does Sphalerite have?
Tetrahedra and dodecahedra
| Lustre: Resinous, metallic-adamantine
180
What is the colour of Sphalerite?
Black, brown; also yellow and white
181
What is the colour of the streak for Sphalerite?
White/reddish brown
182
Does Sphalerite have cleavage?
Perfect parallel to the faces of the rhombdodecahedron
183
What type of fracture does Sphalerite have?
Conchoidal fracture
184
What is the hardness value for Sphalerite?
3.5-4
185
What is the specific gravity for Sphalerite?
4-4.1
186
What is the formula for Hematite?
Fe2O3
187
What system does Hematite have?
Hexagonal - Trigonal
188
What habit does Hematite have?
octohedra, rhombohedra, tabular, micaceous, reniform, granular
189
What is the lustre of Hematite?
Metallic, highly splendent – specular hematite
190
What is the colour of hematite?
Steel grey to iron black, blood red when thin
191
What colour streak does Hematite have?
Cherry red
192
Does Hematite have Cleavage?
Poor parallel to rhomb and basal pinacoid
193
What type of fracture does Hematite have?
Sub-conchoidal to uneven fracture
194
What is the hardness of Hematite?
5.5-6.5
195
What is the specific gravity of Hematite?
4.9-5.3
196
What is the formula for Magnetite?
Fe3O4
197
What is the system for Magnetite?
Cubic
198
What is the Habit of Magnetite?
Octahedral, massive, granular
199
What type of lustre does Magnetite have?
Metallic
200
What is the colour of Magnetite?
Iron-black
201
What colour is the streak of Magnetite?
Black
202
Does Magnetite have Cleavage?
None to poor octahedral cleavage
203
What type of fracture does Magnetite have?
Sub-conchoidal to uneven fracture
204
What is the hardness value of Magnetite?
5.5-6.5
205
What is the specific gravity of Magnetite?
5.2
206
What is the formula for Talc?
Mg3Si4O10(OH)2
207
What system does Talc have?
Monoclinic
208
What are the habits for Talc?
foliaceous, fine masses, greasy feel, flexible sheets
209
What type of lustre does Talc have?
Pearly
210
What colour is Talc?
White, green-white
211
What is the colour for the streak of talc?
White
212
Does Talc have cleavage?
1 perfect basal cleavage
213
Does Talc fracture?
No
214
What is the Hardness of talc?
1
215
What is the specific gravity of Talc?
2.7-2.8
216
What is the Formula for Halite?
NaCl
217
What system does Halite have?
Cubic
218
What is the habit of Halite?
cubes with stepped faces, massive
219
What type of lustre does Halite have?
Vitreous
220
What is the colour of Halite?
White
221
What is the colour of the streak for Halite?
White
222
Does Halite have Cleavage?
3 at 90 degrees
223
What type of fracture does Halite have?
Conchoidal fracture
224
What is the hardness of Halite?
2-2.5
225
What is the specific gravity of Halite?
2.2
226
What is the formula for Apatite?
Ca5(F,Cl) (PO4)3
227
What system does Apatite have?
Hexagonal
228
What habits does Apatite have?
Prismatic hexagonal xtals, massive, granular
229
What type of lustre does Apatite have?
Sub-resinous or vitreous
230
What is the colour of Apatite?
Pale sea-green, bluish-green, yellowish, shades of blue, grey, red and brown
231
What colour streak does Apatite have?
White
232
Does Apatite have cleavage?
V. poor cleavage parallel to the basal plane
233
What type of fracture does Apatite have?
Conchoidal and uneven fracture
234
What is the hardness of Apatite?
5
235
What is the specific gravity if Apatite?
3.1-3.2
236
What is the formula for Topaz?
Al,F)2SiO4
237
What system does Topaz have?
Orthorhombic
238
What Habit does Topaz have?
Prismatic, columnar, granular
239
What type of lustre does Topaz have?
Vitreous
240
What colour is Topaz?
Colourless, wine-yellow, straw-yellow, white, grey, blue, pink
241
What colour is the streak for Topaz?
White
242
Does Topaz have a cleavage?
1 perfect cleavage
243
What type of fracture does Topaz have?
Conchoidal to uneven fracture
| Hardness
244
What is the hardness value for Topaz?
8
245
What is the specific gravity for Topaz?
3.4-3.6
246
What is the formula for Corundum?
Al2O3
247
What system does Corundum have?
Hexagonal
248
What habits does Corundum have?
barrel or pyramidal xtals, granular, massive
249
What is the Lustre of Corundum?
Vitreous, adamantine
250
What is the colour of Corundum?
Grey, greenish, reddish, Red -Ruby, Blue - Sapphire
251
What is the streak colour for Corundum?
White
252
Does Corundum have cleavage?
No cleavage but separation parallel to the basal plane
253
What type of fracture does Corundum have?
Uneven, conchoidal
254
What is the hardness value for Corundum?
9.0
255
What is the specific gravity of Corundum?
3.9-4.1
