Minerals

Question 1

Synthesis of thyroxine and triiodothyronine

Answer 1

Iodine

Question 2

Activator of an antioxidant enzymes such as glutathione peroxidases

Answer 2

Selenium

Question 3

Involved in synthesis of thyroid hormones

Answer 3

Selenium

Question 4

Enzyme activator involved in macronutrient metabolism, bone formation, and antioxidative functions

Answer 4

Manganese

Question 5

Stored primarily in the bones, but can also be stored in the liver and kidneys

Answer 5

Manganese

Question 6

Involved in the electron transport chain

Answer 6

Copper

Question 7

Involved in anti-oxidative enzymes such as superoxide dismutase

Answer 7

Copper

Question 8

Carrier of copper in blood

Answer 8

Ceruloplasmin

Question 9

Necessary for most enzyme functions that are involved in transcription

Answer 9

Zinc

Question 10

Key factor in prostate gland function and reproductive organ growth

Answer 10

Zinc

Question 11

Regulates apoptosis

Answer 11

Zin

Question 12

The major zinc homeostasis of the organ

Answer 12

Intestine

Question 13

Constitutes oxygen-binding metalloproteins of muscle tissues (myoglobin) and blood (hemoglobin)

Answer 13

Iron

Question 14

Constitutes enzymes such as cytochrome and catalase

Answer 14

Iron

Question 15

The human body conserves iron by recycling?

Answer 15

Heme proteins

Question 16

In cases of excessive iron loss such as bleeding, what should be needed?

Answer 16

Dietary corrections

Question 17

Iron can be stored in the body in the form of?

Answer 17

Ferritin and Hemosiderin

Question 18

The transport protein of iron

Answer 18

Transferrin

Question 19

Interacts with phosphate in the formation of DNA and RNA

Answer 19

Magnesium

Question 20

Activator of enzymes that catalyzes ATP synthesis, and DNA synthesis

Answer 20

Magnesium

Question 21

Regulated by the kidneys via reabsorption in cases of deficiency and excretion in cases of excess

Answer 21

Magnesium

Question 22

Regulates blood volume and blood pressure

Answer 22

Sodium

Question 23

Regulates osmotic equilibrium

Answer 23

Sodium

Question 24

Involved in acid-base homeostasis

Answer 24

Sodium, Chloride, Potassium

Question 25

In exchange with potassium, this hormone promotes reabsorption of sodium along with chloride in cases of deficiency

Answer 25

Aldosterone

Question 26

This hormone also promotes sodium retention, since water level is directly proportional with sodium

Answer 26

Anti-Diuretic Hormone

Question 27

Regulation of osmotic pressure

Answer 27

Chloride

Question 28

Regulation of electrolyte balance

Answer 28

Chloride

Question 29

Role in transmitting action potential in neural and muscle tissues

Answer 29

Chloride

Question 30

Excess in chloride usually involves excess in what? which are both passively excreted in the urine

Answer 30

Sodium

Question 31

Constitutes methionine, an essential amino acid

Answer 31

Sulfur

Question 32

Constitutes the B vitamins: Biotin and thiamine

Answer 32

Sulfur

Question 33

Formation of Disulfide Bonds in the protein assembly and structure

Answer 33

Sulfur

Question 34

Constitutes the reduced form of glutathione

Answer 34

Sulfur

Question 35

Well known anti-oxidant

Answer 35

Glutathione

Question 36

Propagation of action potential in neural and muscular tissue

Answer 36

Potassium

Question 37

Involved in fluid and electrolyte balance

Answer 37

Potassium

Question 38

Involved in glucose and Insulin metabolism

Answer 38

Potassium

Question 39

Involved in acid-base homeostasis

Answer 39

Potassium, Chloride, Sodium

Question 40

Excess potassium is excreted in the urine with the influence of what hormone? by exchanging potassium with sodium

Answer 40

Aldosterone

Question 41

Storage of potassium in the liver and muscles is done by?

Answer 41

Insulin

Question 42

Structural framework of DNA and RNA

Answer 42

Phosphorous

Question 43

Transport cell energy in the form of ATP

Answer 43

Phosphorous

Question 44

Structural function in the bones in the form of hydroxyapatite

Answer 44

Phosphorous and Calcium

Question 45

Functions as an electrolyte

Answer 45

Phosphorous, Calcium

Question 46

Structural component of cell membranes

Answer 46

Phosphorous

Question 47

Phosphorous is regulated by what hormone? by lowering blood concentration, increasing renal excretion

Answer 47

Parathyroid Hormone (PTH)

Question 48

These also lower blood concentration via bone reabsorption

Answer 48

Growth Hormone and vitamin D

Question 49

Increases blood concentration via bone resorption

Answer 49

Calcitonin

Question 50

Essential for muscle contraction, particularly in myocardial contraction

Answer 50

Calcium

Question 51

Structural function in the bones in the form of hydroxyapatite

Answer 51

Calcium and Phosphorous

Question 52

Functions as an electrolyte

Answer 52

Calcium, Phosphorous

Question 53

Involved in blood coagulation

Answer 53

Calcium

Question 54

Supports the synthesis and function of blood cells

Answer 54

Calcium

Question 55

Calcium is regulated by?

Answer 55

Calcitonin, parathyroid hormone (PTH) and vitamin D.

Question 56

It decreases blood CA2+ via bone resorption

Answer 56

Calcitonin

Question 57

Decreases blood CA2+ via bone reabsorption

Answer 57

PTH and vitamin D

Question 58

Inorganic substances that are needed in small amounts, compared to vitamins, which are also obtained via dietary intake

Answer 58

Minerals

Question 59

Needed in large quantities.

Answer 59

Major Minerals

Question 60

30 grams to 1.2 kilograms

Answer 60

Major Minerals

Question 61

Major minerals is subdivided into?

Answer 61

Metal and non-metal

Question 62

Required in minute amounts

Answer 62

Trace Minerals

Question 63

0.02 grams to 2.6 grams

Answer 63

Trace Minerals

Question 64

App 1.2 kilograms

Answer 64

Calcium

Question 65

App 650 grams

Answer 65

Phosphorous

Question 66

App 230 grams

Answer 66

Potassium

Question 67

App 160 grams

Answer 67

Sulfur

Question 68

App 100 grams

Answer 68

Chloride and Sodium

Question 69

App 100 grams

Answer 69

Chloride and Sodium

Question 70

App 30 grams

Answer 70

Magnesium

Question 71

App 2.6 grams

Answer 71

Iron

Question 72

App 2.2 grams

Answer 72

Zinc

Question 73

App 100 milligrams

Answer 73

Copper

Question 74

App 20 milligrams

Answer 74

Manganese and Iodine, Selenium

Question 75

App 20 milligrams

Answer 75

Iodine and Manganese, Selenium

Question 76

App 20 milligrams

Answer 76

Selenium, Iodine, Manganese