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US Gov. > Mini Immigration Test 2 > Flashcards

Mini Immigration Test 2 Flashcards

1
Q

The U.S citizenship and immigration services, is a _____________________, administrative most of the key steps to the naturalization process.

A

bureau of the department of Homeland Security

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2
Q

Immigrants who want to become citizens must meet five requirements:

A
  • Applicants must have entered the US legally
  • They must be good moral character
  • They must declare their support of the american government
  • They must read and right english
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3
Q

Draft evaders, military deserters, polygamists, anarchists, communists, or followers of any other totalitarian system will be _________.

A

denied of citizenship

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4
Q

An applicant requesting citizenship must be at least ________________________________________.

A

18 years old, lived in the US as a lawfully admitted resident alien for 30 months of the previous 5 years..

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5
Q

Have lived in the state where the petition is filed for at least __ months

A

3

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6
Q

If married to a US citizen he or she needs __ years of residency before filling

A

3

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7
Q

_________ is a process by which members of a whole group of people, living in the same geographic area, become American citizenship through an act of congress

A

Collective naturalization

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8
Q

Congress has used collective naturalization five times

A
  • 1803 Louisiana Purchase
  • 1819 purchase of Florida
  • Republic of Texas was admitted to the Union in 1845
  • Hawaii in 1900
  • residents of puerto rico in 1917
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9
Q

In ______ Congress decided that the citizenship guarantees of the ____ amendment would not apply to Native Americans

A

.1868 and 14th

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10
Q

Only the federal gov. can both grant and take away ______

A

citizenship

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11
Q

Americans can lose their citizenship in any of three ways

A

Through expatriation, By being convicted of certain crimes, through denaturalization

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12
Q

The simplest way to lose citizenship is through ________ or giving up ones citizenship by leaving ones native country to live in a foreign country.

A

Expatriatism

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13
Q

_____ may be voluntary or involuntary

A

Expatriatism

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14
Q

A person may loose their citizenship when convicted of certain federal crimes that involve extreme disloyalty

A

.

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15
Q

Crimes include treason, participation in a rebellion, and attempts to overthrow the gov. through violent means.

A

.

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16
Q

The loss of citizenship through fraud or deception during the naturalization process is called _______***

A

denaturalization

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17
Q

_________ could also occur if an individual joins in a communist or totalitarian organization less than five years after becoming citizens

A

denaturalization

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18
Q

Respect for the law is crucial in modern society, but this respect depends on knowledge of the ___.

A

law

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19
Q

The american ideal of citizenship has always stressed each citizenships responsibility to participate in political life

A

.

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20
Q

The most common way a citizen participates in political life as by

A

Voting

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21
Q

_____ is also an important way to express faith in one’s political systems.

A

Voting

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22
Q

A major challenge for any political systems and mainly democratic systems is _______

A

crime and criminals

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23
Q

A ____ is an against the law of the state. May harm an individual or a persons property.

A

crime

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24
Q

To protect the innocent, the __ amendment guarantees “the right of people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects against unreasonable searches and seizures”

A

4th

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25
Q

Before ___ , ___ states had search laws that permitted police to enter a home without a warrant if they had probable cause to believe that the occupant had committed a felony

A

1980, 23 states

26
Q

A _____ is a major crime.

A

felony

27
Q

The police do not need a ____ to search and arrest a person they see breaking the law.

A

warrant

28
Q

_____ v. _______ the court established the exclusionary rule.

A

weeks v. US

29
Q

The ___________ states that any illegally obtained evidence cannot be used in federal court.

A

exclusionary rule

30
Q

In the ______ v. _____ the court ruled that as long as the police act in good faith when they request a warrant, the evidence they collect may be used in court even if the warrant in defective.

A

US v. Leon

31
Q

In the _____ case a judge had made a mistake by issuing a warrant based on probable cause that later was found to be invalid.

A

Leon

32
Q

That same year, in 1984 the Court also approved an “_______” exception to the exclusionary rule.

A

“inevitable discovery”

33
Q

In ___ v. ____ the Court held that evidence obtained in violation of defendants rights can be used at trial.

A

Nix v. Williams

34
Q

The ______ , however, must be show that the evidence would have been eventually discovered by legal means.

A

prosecutor

35
Q

the police are free to search an automobile and the containers within it where they have _____ to believe contraband or evidence contained.

A

probable cause

36
Q

____ amendment protections may be limited inside high schools***

A

4th

37
Q

In ____ v. ____ the supreme court ruled that school officials o not need warrants or probable cause to search students or their property.***

A

New Jersey v. T.L.O

38
Q

All that is needed are reasonable grounds to believe a search will uncover ______ that a student has broken school rules.

A

evidence

39
Q

In 1995 the court upheld in ________ v. ______mandatory suspicion-less drug tests for all students participating in interscholastic athletics

A

Vernon School District v. Action

40
Q

In 1968 Congress passed the _________ which required federal, state and local authorities to obtain in a court order for most wiretaps

A

Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act

41
Q

In 1978 Congress passed the __________, requiring a court order even for wiretapping and bugging in national security cases.

A

Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act

42
Q

The ___ amendment guarantees a defendant the right “to have the assistance of counsel for his defense”

A

6th

43
Q

The supreme court first dealt with the right to counsel in state courts in ____ v. ______in 1932

A

Powell v. Al.

44
Q

Ten years later in ____ v. ____ the court held that states did not have to provide a lawyer in cases not involving the death penalty.

A

Betts v. Brady

45
Q

In _____, Clarence Earl Gideon won a landmark case that ended the Betts rule

A

1963

46
Q

In 1963 in a unanimous verdict the Court overruled Betts v. Brady

A

.

47
Q

_____ was released and retried with a lawyer assisting him and acquitted.

A

Gideon

48
Q

Hundreds of other Florida prisoners and thousands more in other states who had been convicted without counsel were also set free.

A

.

49
Q

The court has since extended the ____ decision by ruling that whenever a jail sentence of 6 months or more is possible punishment the accused has the right to a lawyer at the public expense from the time of the arrest through the appeals.

A

Gideon

50
Q

The __ amendment says that no one “shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself”

A

5th

51
Q

The Courts have interpreted this amendment’s protection against _______ to cover witness before congressional committees and grand juries as well as defendants in criminal cases.

A

self-incrimination

52
Q

In 1964 the court reversed Escobedo’s conviction, ruling that Escobedo’s ___ amendment right to remain silent and his ___ amendment right to an attorney had been violated.

A

5th and 6th amendments

53
Q

A confession or other incriminating statements an accused person makes when he or she is denied access to a lawyer may not be used in trial.

A

.

54
Q

In march 1963 Ernesto Miranda had been arrested and convicted for the rape and kidnapping of an 18 yr old woman.

A

.

55
Q

During questioning Miranda was not told he could remain silent or have a lawyer

A

.

56
Q

Miranda confessed, signed a statement admitting and describing the crime, was convicted, and then appealed

A

.

57
Q

The court ruled that the __ amendment against self incrimination requires suspects be clearly informed of their rights before police question them

A

5th

58
Q

The guidelines that police use before questioning of suspects are now known as ________.

A

Miranda rights

59
Q

The __ amendment forbids “Cruel and unusual punishment”

A

8th

60
Q

The __ amendment states in part than no person shall be “twice put in jeopardy of life and limb”

A

5th

61
Q

______ means a person may not be tried twice for the same crime, thus protecting people from continual harassment.

A

Double Jeopardy

62
Q

In ___ v. _____ in 1976 the court ruled that under adequate guidelines the death penalty does not constitute cruel and unusual punishment

A

Gregg v. Georgia

US Gov. (4 decks)

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