Minimising Waste Production Flashcards Preview

Edexcel A2 Product Design - Sustainability > Minimising Waste Production > Flashcards

Flashcards in Minimising Waste Production Deck (13)
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1
Q

What are the 4 Rs at the end of life stage?

A
  • Reduce
  • Reuse
  • Recover
  • Recycle
2
Q

What is does reduce entail?

A

Reduce the quantities of any material chosen, where it be in the manufacture or the packaging

3
Q

How could a product be reduced for its end of life?

A
  • Consider materials and design they use
  • Examine ways of eliminating or reducing the packaging e.g. change design, improve cleanliness, better handling, JIT delivery or bulk delivery
  • Optimise packaging use e.g. match packaging to level of protection needed
4
Q

What does reuse entail?

A

Minimises the extraction and processing of raw materials and the energy and resources required for recycling

5
Q

Give one example of reuse

A

Door-step delivery of glass milk bottles, which are returnable and refillable

6
Q

What does recover entail?

A

Manufacture of a product requires energy, if it it sent to landfill then all this energy is lost

7
Q

How much of Sweden’s waste is recovered in energy from waste plants?

A

47%

8
Q

What does recycling entail?

A

Takes waste materials and products and reprocesses them to manufacture something new

9
Q

How is steel formed from scrap metal?

A

Using an electric arc furnace, scrap metal is processed into high-quality tool steel and stainless steel

10
Q

How is copper formed from scrap metal?

A

75-80% scrap copper is processed in blast furnaces, or electric arc furnaces, to produce high-quality copper

11
Q

How is aluminium formed from scrap metal?

A

Temps of 660°C required. To produce ‘virgin’ aluminium using Hall-Heroult process, requires temps of 900°C

12
Q

What are Remarkable Pencils?

A

Pencils and other stationary made from recycled plastic vending cups

13
Q

How many pencils are produced per day?

A

20,000