Misc

Question 1

Inducers

Answer 1

Phenobarbital
Phenytoin
Carbamazepine
Rifampin
Ethanol
St. Johns Wort
Tobacco smoke

Question 2

Inhibitors

Answer 2

Cimetidine
Erythromycin/Clarithromycin
Azole antifungals
Fluoxetine
Grapefruit juice
HIV protease inhibitors
Omeprazole

Question 3

Volume of distribution

Answer 3

Vd = Ab/ Cp0

Ab = drug aministered
Cp0 = concentration in body (extrapolate beta)

Question 4

Loading dose

Answer 4

LD = Cp(desired) x Vd

Question 5

Dose on concentration

Answer 5

Cp=D/Vd

Question 6

Clearance

Answer 6

CL=Vd x Ke

Question 7

Kidney Clearance

Answer 7

MD/t = Cpss x CL

Question 8

Degree of fluctuation

Answer 8

Ln(C1/C2) = -Ke * t

Question 9

Therpeutic index

Answer 9

LD50/ED50

Question 10

Standard safety margin

Answer 10

(LD1/ED99 - 1) x 100

Question 11

Therpeutic window

Answer 11

LD1-ED99

Question 12

Mean corpuscular volume

Answer 12

MCV=HCT/RBC

Question 13

Mean cell hemoglobin

Answer 13

MCH=Hgb/RBC

Question 14

Mean cell hemoglobin concentration

Answer 14

MCHC=HGB/HCT=MCH/MCV

Question 15

IgG

Answer 15

Divalent. Main blood and tissue Ab. Neutralize toxin. Bind bact and activate complement or bound by phages. Can be passed to fetus from mother.

Question 16

IgA

Answer 16

Tetravalent. Secreted from the body in fluid like tears. Made with a J chain to join 2 Abs. When passed across an epithelia a SC chain is added to resist digestion.

Question 17

IgM

Answer 17

Decavalent. 5 Abs bound in a complex with a J chain. First Ab to appear in serum after immunization. Very very effective at activating complement but not bound by phages. Also made by fetus.

Question 18

IgD

Answer 18

Divalent. Only important function is being bound by B cell

Question 19

IgE

Answer 19

Divalent. Fc bound by mast cells and basophils to induce granule secretions (histamine and eosinophilic chemotactic factor). Part of hypersensitivity (allergic rxns). Intrinsically important for resisting parasites.

Question 20

Classical Complement pathway

Answer 20

Activated by IgG or IgM. 2 Fc portions interact with C1q to initiate. 142356789.

Question 21

Alternative Complement pathway

Answer 21

Activated by IgA or cell wall structures of bacteria (Can be Ab independent ie innate). 356789

Question 22

Lectin Pathway

Answer 22

Initiated by Mannose binding protein (MBP or MBL) which binds (mostly) foreign carbohydrates and acts like C1q in classical pathway.MBP-42356789. Some caucasians have alleles that result in low levels of MBP, 8% with very low levels.