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Question 1

What is the primary focus of normative ethical theories?

Answer 1

To establish standards for what is morally right or wrong.

Question 2

True or False: Utilitarianism is a consequentialist ethical theory.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Fill in the blank: The principle of ________ states that the best action is the one that maximizes utility.

Answer 3

utility

Question 4

Who is considered one of the founding figures of utilitarianism?

Answer 4

Jeremy Bentham

Question 5

Multiple Choice: Which of the following best describes ‘act utilitarianism’?

Answer 5

A theory that evaluates the consequences of individual actions.

Question 6

What is the difference between ‘act’ and ‘rule’ utilitarianism?

Answer 6

Act utilitarianism assesses individual actions, while rule utilitarianism evaluates the consequences of following rules.

Question 7

True or False: Utilitarianism can justify harmful actions if they lead to a greater overall good.

Answer 7

True

Question 8

Short Answer: What is the ‘greatest happiness principle’ in utilitarianism?

Answer 8

It is the idea that actions are right if they promote the greatest happiness for the greatest number.

Question 9

Fill in the blank: Utilitarianism is often associated with the concept of ________ ethics.

Answer 9

teleological

Question 10

Multiple Choice: Which philosopher is known for developing the idea of ‘preference utilitarianism’?

Answer 10

Peter Singer