MIsc

Question 1

In HIV positive pregnant mothers, immunogobulin is given to baby after birth to prevent HIV transmission - T or F?

Answer 1

F.

To prevent HIV transmission, do not breast feed, delivery by caeseran and give antivirals to mother and child

Question 2

All herpesviridae are ss/ds DNA/RNA viruses

Answer 2

DsDNA

Question 3

HSV 1 or HSV 2 is more prevelance in UK?

Answer 3

HSV1

Question 4

Mollaret’s meningitis is caused by

HPV type 6 and 11
HSV 2
EBV
CMV
RSV

Answer 4

HSV2

Question 5

What is the commonest cause of viral encephalitis?

Answer 5

HSV

Question 6

What antivirals are used to treat HSV?

Answer 6

Aciclovir and valaciclovir

Question 7

What is the MoA of aciclovir

Answer 7

Inhibits viral polymerase

Question 8

Difference between aciclovir and valaciclovir?

Answer 8

Valaciclovir enables less frequent dosing, is a prodrug with better bioavailability

Question 9

What is the incubation period for chickenpox

Answer 9

8-21 days average 14 days

Question 10

How many doses of MMR is required?

Answer 10

2 doses

Question 11

What is the commonest cause of congenital infection in the uk?

CMV
HIV
Influenza A
Rotavirus
Rubella virus

Answer 11

CMV

Question 12

Symptoms of congenital CMV infection

Answer 12

Growth retardation
Jaundice
Hepatosplenomegaly
Encephalitis

Death in 20% if not, neurological problems

Question 13

How does hematopoetic stemcell transplantation cause CMV infection?

Answer 13

Highest risk when recipient has had CMV but donated tissue does not have CMV antibodies/T cells

Question 14

Symptoms of CMV infection in immunocompromised

Answer 14

Fever, neutropenia

Pneumonitis
GI disease
Retinitis
Hepatitis
Myocarditis
Encephalitis

Question 15

What virus causes an owl eye inclusion to be seen in histology

Answer 15

CMV

Question 16

Ganciclovir can be used for CMV infections - T or F

Answer 16

T

Question 17

What is the MoA of ganciclovir

Answer 17

Inhibit viral DNA polymerase

Question 18

CMV vaccination is part of the schedule in UK - T or F?

Answer 18

False, there is no license CMV vaccine

Question 19

What virus causes the colloqual “kissing disease”?

Answer 19

EBV

Question 20

What virus causes “mono”

Answer 20

EBV

Question 21

Which virus is burkitt's lymphoma associated with
VZV
EBV
CMV
HIV
HPV
HSV

Answer 21

EBV

Question 22

What is the MoA of rituximab

Answer 22

Antibody against B cells.

Question 23

What does EBV IgM +ve and EBV EBNA IgG -ve mean?

Answer 23

Primary infection of EBV

Question 24

Which virus is associated with kaposi’s sarcoma?

Answer 24

HHV 8

Question 25

Which of these have been associated with Guillan Barre's syndrome ``` EBV CMV HIV HSV HPV HHV N meningitis Streptococcus pneumoniae Campylobacter jejuni Haemophilius influenzae E coli ```

Answer 25

EBV CMV Campylobacter jejuni

Question 26

Describe cold agglutinin disease

Answer 26

Autoimmune haemolytic disease where IgM attack RBC when the body is at a lower temperature.

Question 27

``` Which of these is related to cold agglutinin disease N meningitis Streptococcus pneumoniae Campylobacter jejuni Haemophilius influenzae E coli Mycoplasma pneumoniae Plasmodium falciparum Staphylococcus aureus ```

Answer 27

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Question 28

What kind of infections is flucloxacillin good for

Answer 28

Soft tissue gram positive infections

Question 29

What class of antibiotic is flucloxicilin

Answer 29

Beta lactams

Question 30

Flucloxacillin is insensitive to beta lactamase producing bacteria - T or F?

Answer 30

True, flocloxacilling can be used on meta lactamase producing bacteria

Question 31

Anaemia is a symptom of hookworm - T or F

Answer 31

T

Question 32

What time of the day should a blood test for Loa Loa infection be done?

Answer 32

During the day

Question 33

What is the treatment for Loa loa infection

Answer 33

Diethylcarbamazine (DEC)

Question 34

What antibiotics are given for TB

Answer 34

Isoniazid and rifampicin

Question 35

MoA and class of gentamicin

Answer 35

Aminoglycoside | Binds to 30s subunit

Question 36

Class and MoA of erythromycin

Answer 36

Macrolide | Binds to 50s

Question 37

How does metronidazole work

Answer 37

Forms toxic metabolites in the pathogen, degrade DNA

Question 38

Which bacteria cause bloody and watery diarrhea? ``` Salmonella Vibrio Bacillus cereus Shigella S. Aureus C. Perfringens Campylobacter E Coli ```

Answer 38

Watery - ETC Ecoli, vibrio, bacillus cereus, S aureus, C Perfringens Bloody - shigella, E coli 0157 BOTH - salmonella, campylobacter

Question 39

Main source of campylobacter infection

Answer 39

Farm animals, raw milk, cross contamination with raw/uncookd food.

Question 40

What two toxins are made by C Diff?

Answer 40

Enterotoxin A and cytotoxin B

Question 41

What drugs have interactions with NSAIDs

Answer 41

ACEI Diuretics, blunt the effectiveness of them.

Question 42

What is lipocortin AKA Annexin, and how can it be targeted

Answer 42

It is a protein inhibitor of phospholipase A2, upstream of the COS pathway. Glucocorticoids like beclomethasone increase expression of Annexin, thereby increasing inhibition of phospholipase A2 pathway.

Question 43

MoA of benzodiazapines

Answer 43

Modulator of GABAa receptor, increasing chloride influx, reducing activity.