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(44 cards)

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1
Q

What is a computer system?

A

A computer system is a collection of hardware and software that works together to achieve some data processing task

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2
Q

Name some input devices.

A
  • Keyboard
  • Mouse
  • Touch screen
  • Microphone
  • Heat sensor

Input devices are essential for user interaction with the computer system.

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3
Q

What is the Central Processing Unit (CPU)?

A

A single electronic chip within the system where the processing stage takes place. It is often referred to as the brain of the computer.

The CPU executes instructions and processes data in a computer system.

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4
Q

What is system software?

A

Software responsible for the general operation of a computer system, including the operation of hardware, running application software, and file management.

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5
Q

What is application software?

A

Computer software created to allow the user to perform a specific job or task.

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6
Q

What are output devices?

A

Computer monitor, printer, speakers, LED light

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7
Q

What is a Bus in computer architecture?

A

A set of wires or tracks laid down on printed circuit board

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8
Q

What does the Data Bus carry?

A

Actual data around the circuit

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9
Q

What is the function of the Address Bus?

A

Carries information on where the data needs to go or come from

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10
Q

What does the Control Bus carry?

A

Signals to control various components such as DVD drive, hard disk, or graphics card

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11
Q

What are the main components of the CPU?

A

Control unit, Arithmetic logic unit, Registers, Cache

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12
Q

What is the role of the control unit in the CPU?

A

Manages tasks, controls data movement, executes instructions

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13
Q

What operations does the Arithmetic Logic Unit handle?

A

Arithmetic (+-x/) and logic operations (<>=)

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14
Q

What is the purpose of Registers in the CPU?

A

Holds data used when executing an instruction

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15
Q

What is Cache in computing?

A

A small but extremely fast type of RAM used to speed up processing time

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16
Q

What is a pixel?

A

A single point in an image

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17
Q

How is an image represented as a bitmap?

A

Pixels stored consecutively; each color represented by a bit pattern

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18
Q

What does Hertz measure?

Study These Flashcards
A

One sample per second

19
Q

What is the function of the clock in a computer?

Study These Flashcards
A

Regulates timing and speed of computer operations

20
Q

What is software?

Study These Flashcards
A

Controls the operations of the hardware

21
Q

What occurs in the execute stage of instruction processing?

Study These Flashcards
A

The instruction is performed, such as loading data or performing calculations

22
Q

What happens during the decode stage?

Study These Flashcards
A

The next instruction is decoded by the control unit

23
Q

What is the fetch stage?

Study These Flashcards
A

The control unit reads the memory address of the next instruction

24
Q

What are advantages of low-level programming languages?

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Programs run faster
  • Direct interaction with hardware
  • Require less memory
  • No unnecessary code added by compiler
25
What is a compiler?
Translates all the original code before execution
26
What is a network protocol?
A set of rules that allow devices to communicate and transfer data
27
What is cyber security?
The process designed to protect networks from attacks or unauthorized access
28
Name types of Malware.
* Virus * Trojan * Spyware * Adware
29
What is the effect of increasing the sampling rate on recording?
* File size increases * Higher accuracy and quality of the recording
30
Examples of application software include:
* Word processing * Database software * Spreadsheet software * Communication software * Gaming software
31
What is solid state storage?
Uses electronic circuits and no moving parts to store data electronically
32
What is an optical disc?
Disks with billions of locations where holes can be burned by a laser to represent a 1
33
How does clock speed affect CPU performance?
Higher clock speed allows more instructions and fetch/execute cycles per second
34
What are the differences between embedded systems and non-embedded systems?
* Embedded systems have a specific purpose * Embedded systems have smaller memory * Less processing power * Built into specific devices * Higher proportion of ROM
35
What is a computer network?
A number of computing devices connected to share resources
36
What does a firewall do?
Acts as a barrier between a network and other devices, inspecting packets
37
List functions of an operating system.
* Processor/task/process management * Memory management * I/O device management * Applications management * Security management * File/storage management * Network management
38
What is the purpose of an assembler?
To convert assembly code into machine code
39
How does an interpreter work?
Translates the program one line at a time into machine code
40
What are advantages of cloud storage?
* Access data from multiple devices * Easier sharing of data * Increased storage capacity * Reduced cost of computing devices * Allows concurrent access/collaboration * Automatically backed up by the host
41
What is meant by sample resolutions?
Bits per sample
42
List advantages of a wireless network.
* Flexibility to expand * No need for cabling * Mobility of users/devices * Modern devices connect wirelessly * Guest access * No trip hazards
43
What is a relational database?
A database with multiple tables that are linked together
44
what is a magnetic disc
there are three tracks that are circular in shape, and each track is divided into eight segments. The disc will spin to allow a read-write head to access the data in a particular segment. This will happen quickly with internal hard discs, which spin at 7200 revolutions per minute. within each sector, billions of magnetic particles exsist that are either magnetised or not magnetised

computing (2 decks)

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