Mithaal

Question 1

why is this category given the name ‘mithaal’

Answer 1

The mithaal is called mithaal because:
1. It comes from the word مِثْل (to be similar to)
2. This is because it is similar to the صحيح category because it accepts all 3 harakat just like صحيح.
There will never be a word which has an alif at its beginning as it never accepts a harakah.

Question 2

What are the rules for mithaal pertaining fil mudari

Answer 2

Rule 1:( يَفْعِلُ ( + يَفْعَلُ
If the fil mudari is on the template of يَفْعِلُ, the faa kalima will DROP its حرف علة. (WUJOOBAN)
وَعَدَ يَوْعِدُ ـ يَعِدُ

If the fil mudari is on the template of يَفْعَلُ, the faa kalimah will drop its harf illa in MOST CASES.
وَضَعَ يَوْضَعُ - يَضَعُ

Rule 2: appear on يَفْعَلُ template.
Certain verbs DROP their weak letter in the faa kalimah even if they don’t appear on يَفْعِلُ because they were ORIGINALLY on the يَفْعِلُ template but changed to the يَفْعَلُ template due to it having حرف حلقي.
asl: وَصَعَ، يَوصِعُ
changed template due to harf halqee: يَوسَعُ. -> rule change applied: يَسَعُ

Rule 3: يَفْعُلُ
When the mudari is on the template of يَفْعُلُ, the weak letter will REMAIN in ALL cases.
وَجَهَ، يَوْجُحُ

Rule 4: ياء - فاء كلمة
The ياء in the faa kalima will REMAIN and NOT drop in the mudari.
يَمُنَ، يَيْمُنَ
يَسَرَ، يَيْسِرُ
Reason: This is because if we dropped the yaa it would create confusion/difficulty in understanding as they would be the same.
Note:

Question 3

What are the rules for mithaal involving waw sakina whose maa qabl is a kasra and yaa sakina whose maa qabl is a dhamma

Answer 3

WAW SAKINA: in the presence of a waw sakina whose maa qabl has a kasra, the waw will change into a ياء.
وَزَنَ - مِوْزَانٌ - مِيزَانٌ

YAA SAKINA: In the presence of a yaa sakina whose maa qabl has a mamma, the yaa will change into a waw.
يَسَرَ - يُيْسِرُ - يُوسِرُ
اَيْقَنَ - يُيْقِنُ = يُوقِنُ

Question 4

What are the rules for mithaal pertaining MASDAR

Answer 4

where the MASDAR of any mithaal word is on the template of فِعْلٌ - the harf ila in the faa kalima is dropped and a taa marboota is added to the end.
وِعْدٌ - عِدَةٌ

note: the waw is RETAINED in other asmaa

Question 5

What are the Rules for Mithaal pertaining ISM DHARF

Answer 5

ISM DHARF of mithaal will occur on the مَفْعِلٌ template.
وَعَدَ، يَعِدُ، مَوْعِدٌ
وَقَعَ، يَقِعُ = مَوْقِعٌ
وَلَدَ، يَلِدُ = مَوْلِدٌ
وَسَمَ، يَسِمُ= مَوْسِمٌ

Question 6

What are the rules for Mithaal pertaining ISM TAFDHEEL

Answer 6

This rules pertains the ism tafdeel (noun of excellence or superiority) in its feminine form on the template of فُعْلَى - If the ayn kalimah has a yaa, it will not be changed into a waw. but the dhamma proceeding it will be changed into a kasra.
حَيَكَ - حُيْكَى = حِيْكَى
بَيَضَ - بُيْضَى = بِيْضى

Note: This is ajwaf not mithal, but the change takes place in the faa kalima.

Question 7

What are the rules for Mithaal pertaining SIFA MUSHABAHA

Answer 7

the rule for sifa mushabaha is the same as ism tafhdeel, but will be applied to the جمع مؤنث of sifa mushabaha from the أَفْعَلُ template.

أَبْيَضُ :
بَيْضَاء - بَيْضَانِ - بُيُضٌ

Rule: the jama muanath in sifa mushabaha’s faa kalıma changes from a dhamma to kasra.
بُيُضُ - بِيْضٌ

Question 8

What are the rules for Mithaal pertaining BAAB IFITIAAL

Answer 8

If the waw or yaa occurs in the faa kalima of baab initial it will change to a taa and idgham will be applied.
اِوْتَعَدَ - اِتَّعَدَ
اِوْتَحَدَ - اِتَّحَدَ
اِوْتَصَلَ - اِتَّصَلَ

Question 9

List the different categories of rules applicable to MITHAAL

Answer 9

1. Fil Mudari
2. waw and yaa sakınah maa qabl..
3. Masdar
4. Ism Dharf
5. Ism Tafdheel
6. Sifa Mushabaha
7. Bab Iftiaal