mitosis Flashcards
(16 cards)
what is mitosis
a single cell divides into 2 identical cells
what is interphase
cells daily functions when its not dividing
90% of their time
what happens in prophase
chromatids become visible
nucleolus disappears
spindle starts to form
what happens in metaphase
spindle has been formed
chromosomes attach to spindle
line up accross equator
what happens in anaphase
centromeres split into 2
spindles shorten to pull chromosomes
pulled towards pole
what happens in telephase
spindle desintegrates
nucleolus reforms
chromatids start to unravel for interphase
followed by cytokenisis
what is cytokenisis
division of cytoplasm as membrane forms along centre
what are the 3 stages of interphase
gap 1
s-phase
gap 2
what happens in the G1 phase of interphase
proteins from organelles and synthesises
organelles replicate
10 hours
what happens in the s phase of interphase
DNA replication
9 hours
what happens in th G2 phase of interphase
organelles grow and divide
energy stores increased
biosynthesis of organic molecules
4 hours
what is cancer
uncontrolled cell division and growth
what are the 3 systems that can be disrupted leading to cancerous cells
cdk
mpf
p53
what is the cdk system
cyclin dependant kinase
control switch for cell cycle
cell moves from G1 to S or G2 to m
what is the mpf system
maturation promoting factor
triggers progression through cell cycle
what is the P53 system
protein 53
blocks cell cycle if DNA is damaged
