Mitosis Flashcards
What is a chromosome
A DNA molecule folded and condensed
Wrapped around a histone protein in eukaryotes.
What forms after DNA replication
2 genetically identical sister chromatids
Where are sister chromatids attatched
At the centromere
Define homologous chromososome
Chromosomes with the same genes but potentially different alleles.
Diploid cells
Cells with homolgous pairs of chromosomes
Diploid is represented by…
2n
Haploid cells
Cells with only one copy of the pair of chromosmes,
Half the number of chromosomes than diploids.
Haploid cells are represented by…
n
What type of cells can’t divide
Specialised and fully differentiated cells
e.g
Red blood cells
What type of cells can divide
unspecialised cells
3 main stages of the cell cycle
Interphase, mitosis and cytokenisis
3 phases of interphase
G1
S
G2
G1 phase of interphase, what happens?
Cell increases in size and new proteins and enzymes are made for DNA replication.
S phase in interphase, what happens?
DNA replicates
G2 phase in interphase, what happens?
Cell gets ready for division, new proteins and organelles are made.