Mitosis And Chromosomes

Question 1

What is mitosis?

Answer 1

Mitosis is the process of cell division that results in two genetically identical daughter cells.

Question 2

How many phases are there in mitosis?

Answer 2

There are five main phases in mitosis: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, and cytokinesis.

Question 3

What happens during prophase?

Answer 3

During prophase, the chromosomes condense, the nuclear envelope breaks down, and spindle fibers begin to form.

Question 4

True or False: Chromosomes are only visible during mitosis.

Answer 4

True.

Question 5

What is the role of spindle fibers?

Answer 5

Spindle fibers help separate the chromosomes during cell division.

Question 6

Fill in the blank: The phase where chromosomes align at the cell’s equator is called __________.

Answer 6

metaphase.

Question 7

What occurs during anaphase?

Answer 7

During anaphase, sister chromatids are pulled apart and move towards opposite poles of the cell.

Question 8

Define cytokinesis.

Answer 8

Cytokinesis is the final stage of cell division where the cytoplasm divides, resulting in two separate cells.

Question 9

What phase follows telophase?

Answer 9

Cytokinesis follows telophase.

Question 10

True or False: Chromatin condenses into chromosomes during prophase.

Answer 10

True.

Question 11

What is chromatin?

Answer 11

Chromatin is the combination of DNA and proteins that make up chromosomes in the nucleus of a cell.

Question 12

Multiple Choice: Which phase involves the reformation of the nuclear envelope? A) Prophase B) Telophase C) Metaphase

Answer 12

B) Telophase.

Question 13

What is the significance of the G1 phase in the cell cycle?

Answer 13

The G1 phase is where the cell grows and prepares for DNA replication.

Question 14

Fill in the blank: The phase of the cell cycle where DNA is replicated is called __________.

Answer 14

S phase.

Question 15

True or False: Mitosis results in four daughter cells.

Answer 15

False.

Question 16

What happens to the spindle fibers during cytokinesis?

Answer 16

Spindle fibers disassemble during cytokinesis.

Question 17

Describe the appearance of chromosomes during metaphase.

Answer 17

During metaphase, chromosomes are lined up at the metaphase plate and are fully condensed.

Question 18

What is the role of the centrioles in mitosis?

Answer 18

Centrioles help organize the spindle fibers during cell division.

Question 19

What is the difference between chromatids and chromosomes?

Answer 19

Chromatids are identical halves of a replicated chromosome, while chromosomes are the structures that carry genetic information.

Question 20

Multiple Choice: Which phase is characterized by the separation of sister chromatids? A) Prophase B) Anaphase C) Telophase

Answer 20

B) Anaphase.

Question 21

Fill in the blank: The final result of mitosis is __________.

Answer 21

two genetically identical daughter cells.

Question 22

What happens to the chromatin after mitosis?

Answer 22

After mitosis, chromatin relaxes and becomes less condensed.

Question 23

True or False: Mitosis occurs in somatic cells.

Answer 23

True.

Question 24

What is the purpose of mitosis?

Answer 24

The purpose of mitosis is to enable growth, repair, and asexual reproduction in organisms.

Question 25

What is the role of the metaphase plate?

Answer 25

The metaphase plate is the imaginary line where chromosomes align before being separated.

Question 26

Fill in the blank: The phase where the cell prepares for division is known as __________.

Answer 26

interphase.

Question 27

What marks the end of mitosis?

Answer 27

The formation of two separate cells marks the end of mitosis.

Question 28

True or False: During prophase, the nuclear envelope is still intact.

Answer 28

False.

Question 29

What is a chromatid?

Answer 29

A chromatid is one of the two identical halves of a duplicated chromosome.

Question 30

Describe an event that occurs during telophase.

Answer 30

During telophase, the chromosomes begin to de-condense and the nuclear envelope re-forms.

Question 31

What is the significance of the G2 phase?

Answer 31

The G2 phase is the final preparation stage before mitosis, where the cell checks for DNA damage and duplicates its organelles.

Question 32

Multiple Choice: What is the main function of mitosis? A) Protein synthesis B) DNA replication C) Cell division

Answer 32

C) Cell division.

Question 33

Fill in the blank: The period of the cell cycle between cell divisions is called __________.

Answer 33

interphase.

Question 34

What happens to the number of chromosomes during mitosis?

Answer 34

The number of chromosomes remains the same in the daughter cells as in the parent cell.

Question 35

True or False: Mitosis includes both nuclear and cytoplasmic division.

Answer 35

True.

Question 36

What is the role of checkpoints in the cell cycle?

Answer 36

Checkpoints help ensure that the cell is ready to proceed to the next phase of the cell cycle and prevent errors.