Mitosis and Cytokinesis

Question 0

What does mitosis and cytokinesis do for the cell?

Answer 0

Breaks it into two cells.

Question 1

Most cells that contain 1.__________ undergo a series of steps, called 2.__________ and 3.______________.

Answer 1

1. Nuclei 2. Mitosis 3. cytokinesis

Question 2

What are the stages of mitosis and cytokinesis called?

Answer 2

Cell division

Question 3

What were scientists able to observe in the 19th century?

Answer 3

rod-like structures in the nuclei that were noticeable just before the cell split apart.

Question 4

What are the rod-like structures referred to as?

Answer 4

chromosomes, or colored bodies

Question 5

What are chromosomes composed of? (also known as)

Answer 5

DNA, also known as hereditary information.

Question 6

What would happen if there was no DNA?

Answer 6

The instructions for making the cell’s molecules would be lost. There would be no way for a new organism to come to life.

Question 7

Chromosomes occur in _______.

Answer 7

pairs

Question 8

What does a chromosome look like?

Answer 8

A very long, double strand of DNA that is wound and coiled around itself until it forms a thick stick.

Question 9

The number of chromosome 1.________ varies among the species of 2.__________. Members of the same species have 3.___________________.

Answer 9

1.pairs 2. organism 3. number of chromosomes

Question 10

How much pairs of chromosomes do humans have? How much chromosomes do Wisconsin Fast Plants have?

Answer 10

23, 10

Question 11

Hereditary units are also called 1._________.

Answer 11

1. genes

Question 12

Each gene on a cell is the code for ___________________.

Answer 12

making a single molecule.

Question 13

What do molecules working together influence? (provide examples)

Answer 13

Traits, or characteristics (ex. eye color, height, curl of your hair, length of your toes.)

Question 14

The cell’s 1.____________ has stages, or 2._________. When they are not dividiing, what stage are they in? 3.________.

Answer 14

1. life cycle 2. phases 3. interphase

Question 15

During interphase, what is the cell busy doing?

Answer 15

carrying on their life processes, including growing.

Question 16

In interphase, the chromosomes are not visible because……..? What are they referred to as in this stage?

Answer 16

They are unwound and stretched out. They are called chromatin.

Question 17

In interphase the DNA _______.

Answer 17

duplicates

Question 18

In interphase, what is the cell producing to get ready for mitosis, which is the next phase?

Answer 18

The cell produces necessary organelles for each daughter cell.

Question 19

What happens to the DNA in mitosis?

Answer 19

The DNA coils and condenses into chromosomes.

Question 20

The chromosomes detach from each other and separate into the _________________________________________.

Answer 20

the nuclei of what will soon become two new cells.

Question 21

What are the four stages that scientists describe the process of mitosis as having?

Answer 21

Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.

Question 22

All cells have a life cycle, which consists of __________.

Answer 22

stages

Question 23

In mitosis, what are the two cells called that it divides into?

Answer 23

Daughter cells

Question 24

The first phase of mitosis is 1._________. In this stage, the chromatin begins to 2._________, 3,___________, and become much 4.__________. Then, a 5.______________________________. Additionally, the nuclear membrane 6.____________. Where do the duplicated chromosomes move toward? 7....

Answer 24

1. prophase 2. coil 3. shorten 4. thicker 5. mesh like structure of fibers develops. 6. disintegrates 7. the middle of the cell.

Question 25

After the stage of prophase occurs, 1.__________ takes place. In this stage, the 2.___________ align exactly 3._________________________.

Answer 25

1. Metaphase 2. centromeres 3. in the middle of the cell.

Question 26

Define centromeres:

Answer 26

The middle of the double-chromosome X

Question 27

After Metaphase occurs, 1.__________ occurs. In this stage, The duplicated chromosomes 2.___________. The 3.__________, or ___________, shorten, drawing the chromosomes to 4.______________________________.

Answer 27

1. Anaphase 2. separate 3. fibers, or spindles 4. opposite ends of the cell.

Question 28

After anaphase occurs, the last stage of mitosis, called 1.__________, takes place. This stage begins when 2.__________________________. A nuclear envelope forms around each new 3._________.

Answer 28

1. telophase 2. each set of chromosomes is safely on its side of the cell. 3. nucleus

Question 29

After the stage of telophase takes place, mitosis is now __________.

Answer 29

complete

Question 29

The two nuclei that result from mitosis look 1.___________, meaning their 2.___________________________.

Answer 29

1. identical 2. DNA, or genetic material is identical

Question 29

After mitosis, what is the final step in the process?

Answer 29

Cytokinesis

Question 30

What do the daughter cells do during cytokinesis?

Answer 30

They split from each other.

Question 31

In cytokinesis in animals, what happens?

Answer 31

The cell membrane pinches inward and forms two separate daughter cells.

Question 32

In cytokinesis in plants, what happens?

Answer 32

A cell plate forms in the middle of the cell and grows outwards until it becomes a part of the cell wall between the daughter cells.