Mitosis, Meiosis

Question 1

How do bacterial cells divide?

Answer 1

By binary fission

Question 2

Briefly explain the steps of bacterial cell division

Answer 2

Chromosome replication begins, one copy of the origin of replication moves toward the other end of the cell. After replication, the chromosomes pull themselves to each origin of replication and the membrane grows inward and pinches off in the middle to result in two daughter cells.

Question 3

What is the protein involved in forming a ring around bacterial cells to pinch them off for division?

Answer 3

FtsZ (Filamenting temperature-sensitive mutant Z)

Question 4

What does the mitotic (M) phase of the eukaryotic cell cycle include?

Answer 4

Mitosis and cytokinesis

Question 5

What are the 3 sub-phases of interphase in the eukaryotic cell cycle?

Answer 5

G1 phase, S phase, and G2 phase

Question 6

What is the difference between mitosis and cytokinesis, and which happens first?

Answer 6

Mitosis involves dividing the nucleus and chromosomes, cytokinesis involves the cell contents and membrane dividing to be two new cells. Mitosis happens first, and cytokinesis overlaps with the end of mitosis

Question 7

What happens during S phase of eukaryotic cell division?

Answer 7

Synthesis of DNA: replication of the whole chromosome

Question 8

What are the three checkpoints of the eukaryotic cell cycle?

Answer 8

G1, G2 and M

Question 9

What is the centromere?

Answer 9

The specialised region of a chromosome where two sister chromatids are most closely attached

Question 10

What are the five phases of mitosis (including the pre-mitotic phase)?

Answer 10

Interphase, Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase