Mitosis, Meiosis, Crispr Flashcards
In the context of mitosis, how do cells replicate their DNA and which cells in your body undergo this process?
Are dividing or non-dividing cells more likely to mutate and why?
Dividing cells are more likely, as mutations occur during replication
Can you identify the cells in your body involved in DNA replication, transcription, and translation?
what enzyme is responsible for building new DNA
DNA polymerase
How would you compare mitosis to a copy machine?
It’s like a copy machine - copy and collate DNA (when mutations occur!)
What are the number of chromosomes at different stages of cell division and why is DNA organization into chromosomes critical for mitosis?
Can you explain the role of DNA repair enzymes?
What are germline cells and gametes?
Reproductive cells, germline gives rise to gametes, sperm and egg
How does the number of chromosomes change throughout meiosis?
Interphase: before meiosis begins, 46 total chromosomes (diploid number)
Prophase 1: 46
Metaphase 1: 46
Anaphase 1: 46
Telophase 1: 46
Prophase 2: 46
Metaphase 2: 46
Anaphase 2: 46
Telophase 2: 23 - ending cell
It helps make sure that every cell gets the full amount of DNA
Why is meiosis called a reduction division and what significant event occurs during its prophase I stage?
Can you explain why meiosis resembles a slot machine?
How would you define a haploid cell and a diploid cell?
How do the laws of segregation and independent assortment, as well as random fertilization, influence trait inheritance?
Can you explain what CRISPR stands for, how it functions in bacteria to target viral DNA, how it has been adapted for gene editing, and concerns related to its use?
