Mitosis , Meiosis , Gametogeneis

Question 1

What is gametogenesis?

Answer 1

The process by which gametes (sperm and eggs) are produced.

Question 2

True or False: Gametogenesis occurs in both males and females.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

What are the two main types of gametogenesis?

Answer 3

Spermatogenesis and oogenesis.

Question 4

What is spermatogenesis?

Answer 4

The process of sperm cell development.

Question 5

What is oogenesis?

Answer 5

The process of egg cell development.

Question 6

Fill in the blank: The primary site of spermatogenesis in males is the ______.

Answer 6

testes

Question 7

Fill in the blank: Oogenesis takes place in the ______ of females.

Answer 7

ovaries

Question 8

What is the role of meiosis in gametogenesis?

Answer 8

Meiosis reduces the chromosome number by half to produce haploid gametes.

Question 9

Multiple Choice: Which of the following cells undergoes meiosis to become a gamete? A) Somatic cell B) Germ cell C) Stem cell

Answer 9

B) Germ cell

Question 10

What is the end result of spermatogenesis?

Answer 10

Four viable sperm cells from one germ cell.

Question 11

What is the end result of oogenesis?

Answer 11

One viable egg and three polar bodies from one germ cell.

Question 12

True or False: Spermatogenesis begins at puberty and continues throughout life.

Answer 12

True

Question 13

True or False: Oogenesis is a continuous process that occurs throughout a woman’s life.

Answer 13

False

Question 14

What hormone stimulates spermatogenesis?

Answer 14

Testosterone

Question 15

What is the function of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) in oogenesis?

Answer 15

FSH stimulates the growth and maturation of ovarian follicles.

Question 16

Fill in the blank: The process of sperm maturation occurs in the ______.

Answer 16

epididymis

Question 17

What is the term for the fusion of sperm and egg?

Answer 17

Fertilization

Question 18

Multiple Choice: Which phase of meiosis is characterized by crossing over? A) Prophase I B) Metaphase I C) Anaphase I

Answer 18

A) Prophase I

Question 19

What are polar bodies?

Answer 19

Small cells produced during oogenesis that typically do not develop into eggs.

Question 20

True or False: Each menstrual cycle involves the maturation of multiple oocytes.

Answer 20

False

Question 21

What is the role of the zona pellucida?

Answer 21

It is a protective glycoprotein layer surrounding the oocyte.

Question 22

Fill in the blank: The acrosome is a structure that contains enzymes necessary for ______.

Answer 22

penetrating the egg

Question 23

What is the significance of genetic recombination during meiosis?

Answer 23

It increases genetic diversity among gametes.

Question 24

What are the stages of spermatogenesis?

Answer 24

Spermatogonia, primary spermatocytes, secondary spermatocytes, spermatids, spermatozoa.

Question 25

What hormone triggers ovulation?

Answer 25

Luteinizing hormone (LH)

Question 26

True or False: The primary oocyte is arrested in prophase I until puberty.

Answer 26

True

Question 27

What role does estrogen play in oogenesis?

Answer 27

Estrogen regulates the growth of the ovarian follicles and prepares the uterine lining.

Question 28

Fill in the blank: The first meiotic division in oogenesis results in a ______ and a secondary oocyte.

Answer 28

polar body

Question 29

What is the function of Sertoli cells in the testes?

Answer 29

They support and nourish developing sperm cells.

Question 30

Multiple Choice: Which structure is essential for sperm motility? A) Acrosome B) Tail C) Head

Answer 30

B) Tail

Question 31

What is the lifespan of an ovulated oocyte if not fertilized?

Answer 31

Approximately 12-24 hours.

Question 32

True or False: Sperm production is a continuous process, while egg production is cyclical.

Answer 32

True

Question 33

What is the term for the initial stage of a follicle in the ovary?

Answer 33

Primordial follicle

Question 34

Fill in the blank: The secondary oocyte completes meiosis only if it is ______.

Answer 34

fertilized

Question 35

What is the role of the corpus luteum?

Answer 35

It produces hormones that maintain the uterine lining after ovulation.

Question 36

What is the main difference between spermatogenesis and oogenesis?

Answer 36

Spermatogenesis produces four functional sperm, while oogenesis produces one functional egg and polar bodies.

Question 37

True or False: All sperm produced are genetically identical.

Answer 37

False

Question 38

What is the significance of the first meiotic division in oogenesis?

Answer 38

It determines whether the oocyte is released or remains arrested.

Question 39

Multiple Choice: Which hormone primarily regulates sperm production? A) Estrogen B) Testosterone C) Progesterone

Answer 39

B) Testosterone

Question 40

Fill in the blank: The process of gamete formation begins with ______.

Answer 40

germ cells

Question 41

What is the function of Leydig cells in the testes?

Answer 41

They produce testosterone.

Question 42

What marks the end of the follicular phase in the menstrual cycle?

Answer 42

Ovulation

Question 43

True or False: In males, meiosis occurs continuously after puberty.

Answer 43

True

Question 44

What is the term for the stage when an oocyte is surrounded by a layer of granulosa cells?

Answer 44

Primary follicle

Question 45

Fill in the blank: The process of sperm release is known as ______.

Answer 45

spermiation

Question 46

What is the impact of hormonal contraceptives on oogenesis?

Answer 46

They prevent ovulation and disrupt the normal hormonal cycle.