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AGPCNP Basics > Mix > Flashcards

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1
Q

Mitral Stenosis

A

Diastolic - S1 Murmur
Low-pitched - THRILL on palpitation
LEFT 5th ICS; apex

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2
Q

Aortic Regurgitation

A

Diastolic- Hight-pitched blowing sound
LEFT 2nd ICS

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3
Q

Mitral Regurgitation

A

Systolic - Musical blowing, high pitched
Follows S3 and radiates to base or axilla
LEFT 5th ICS; apex

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4
Q

Aortic Stenosis

A

Systolic - Rough, harsh blowing
Radiates to neck
RIGHT 2nd ICS

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5
Q

S1

A

Mitral/Tricuspid (atrial ventricular) valves close

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6
Q

S2

A

Aortic/Pulmonic (semilunar valves) close SOUND IS HEARD

Split S2 is best heard at pulmonic

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7
Q

S3

A

“Ken-tuck-y”
Diastole
LEFT 5th ICS; mid-clavicular space at apex
Ex: Left side heart failure ,CHF
Normal: Pregnancy, athletes, children, >40yo

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8
Q

S4

A

“Ten-ne-ssee”
Diastole
Atrial gallop or kick, Absent in Afib
LEFT 5th ICS mid-clavicular
Ex: MI, Left ventricular hypertrophy, Chronic HTN
Normal in elderly

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9
Q

Lipid Panel

A

Cholesterol <200
Triglycerides <150
LDL <100
HDL >40

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10
Q

Platelets

A

150,000 - 450,000

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11
Q

HGB/HCT

A

HGB. 14 - 18 (M)
12 - 16 (F)

HCT 40 -54% (M)
37 - 47% (F)

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12
Q

Calcium

A

8.5 - 10

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13
Q

Iron

A

50 -150

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14
Q

ALT/AST

A

ALT 0-40

AST 0-45

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15
Q

BUN

A

10- 20

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16
Q

Creatinine

A

0.5 - 1.5

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17
Q

TSH

A

0.5 - 5

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18
Q

T4

A

5 - 13

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19
Q

Aldosterone

A

0.8 - 1.4

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20
Q

Diagnostics for DM2

A

Serum FBG >126
Random BG >200 w. hyperglycemia
Plasma BG >200 after preload
A1C > 6.5% (Normal <5.7)

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21
Q

Criteria for Metabolic Syndrome

A

FBG >100
BP > 130/85
Triglycerides > 150
HDL <40 (M) <50 (F)
Waist circumference >40 (M) 101.6
>35 (F) 88.9

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22
Q

Mini Mental Status Exam

A

Appearance
Behavior
Cognition
Thought Process
30-24 None
23-18 (Mild)
17- 0 (Severe)

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23
Q

TIBC
Total Iron Binding Capacity

A

250 - 450

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24
Q

MCV
Mean Corpuscular Volume

A

80 - 100
Microcytic <80
Normal 80 - 100
Macrocytic >100

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25
MCHC Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration
32 - 36 HYPOchromic <32 Normal 32 - 36 HYPERchromic >36
26
Microcytic - Hypochromic Conditions?
Iron deficiency anemia Thalassemia
27
Macrocytic - Normochromic Conditions?
Folic acid deficiency Pernicious anemia (B12)
28
Normocytic - Normochromic Conditions?
Anemia of chronic disease
29
Otitis Media (bacterial)
Amoxicillin - clavulante (if no prior abx) Cephalosporin
30
Acute bacterial rhinosinusitis
Amoxicillin - clavulanate (Augmentin) Levofloxacin or Doxycycline Cefdinir
31
Allergic Rhinitis
Fluticasone (Flonase) Cetirizine (Zytrec) Loratadine (Claritin)
32
Pharyngitis (Strep)
Penicillin V 500 mg BID x 10 days Amoxicillin 500 mg BID x 10 days Azithromycin x 5 days
33
Acute bronchitis (bacterial)
Macrolides Doxycycline TMP-SMN (Bactrim)
34
SABA
Albuterol Levalbuterol
35
ICS
Budesonide Fluticasone
36
SAMA
Ipratropium (short acting anticholinergics)
37
LABA
Formoterol Salmeterol
38
LAMA
Tiotropium
39
Pertussis (Whooping cough)
Macrolids (-mycins)
40
Pneumonia CAP (no comorbidities or abx x3 months)
Amoxicillin 1g TID Doxycycline 100 mg BID Azithromycin
41
Pneumonia CAP ( w. comorbidities & risk factors for resistance)
Amoxicillin - clavulanate Cephalosporin PLUS Macrolide Doxycycline Mono therapy - Fluquinolones
42
Tuberculosis
R.I.P.E Rifampin, Isonizid (INH), Pyrazinamide, Ethambutol 6 month tx 9 month tx w HIV
43
Peptic ulcer disease + H.pylori
Clarithromycin Amoxicillin Omeprazole Bismuth 14 day tx
44
Neonates, children, and adolescents w. bacterial infections, meningitis, otis media, and gonnorhea
Ceftriaxone (Rocephin)
45
Acute prostatitis
Ceftriaxone 250 mg IM once
46
Chylamydia (complicated)
Doxycycline 100 mg BID x 14 days
47
Chylamydia (uncomplicated)
Azithromycin 1g Doxycycline 100 mg BID x 7 days
48
Gonnorhea (complicated)
Ceftriaxone 250 mg IM PLUS Doxycycline 100 mg BID x 14 days
49
Gonnorhea (uncomplicated)
Ceftriaxone 250 mg IM PLUS Azithromycin 1 g
50
Epididymitis
STD related and <35yo: Ceftiraxone 500 mg IM PLUS Doxycycline for 10 days Enteric organism and >35yo: Levofloxacin 500 mg x days
51
BPH
Tamsulosin (Flomax) Finesteride
52
Bacterial vaginosis
Metronidazole (oral or vaginal) Clindamycin cream
53
Trichomoniasis
Metronidazole 500 mg BID x 7 days
54
Vaginal candidiasis
-dazoles Not metronidazole
55
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
Ceftriaxone 500 mg IM once PLUS Doxy PLUS Metronidazole all for 14 days
56
Associated conditions with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)
Diabetes, Metabolic syndrome, Infertility, Heart and blood vessel complications, uterine cancer, sleep apnea
57
Syphilis
Primary: Benzathine penicillin B Secondary: Doxycycline
58
UTI - uncomplicated
Nitrofurontoin (Macobid for preg) TMP-SMX Cephalexin
59
Pyelonephritis
Ciprofloxacin BID x 7- 14 days OR Levofloaxcin Ceftriaxone 1g IM IV Q24h x 14 days
60
Cellulitis w/o MRSA
Dicloxacillin Amoxicillin Cephalexin (Keflex)
61
Cellulitis w. MRSA
TMP - SMX (Bactrim) Doxycycline 10 days Clindamycin x 10 days
62
Lyme Disease
Doxycycline 100 BID x 21 days
63
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
Doxycycline
64
Anthrax (Skin)
Ciprofloxacin x 60 days Doxycyline
65
Bullous myringitis
Amoxicillin 500 mg Q8h x 10 days
66
Urate lowering drugs (Gout)
Allopurinol Febuxostat
67
Condyloma acuminata & actinic keratosis
Imiquimod (Aldara)
68
Acceptable drugs s/p MI in elderly
Diuretics ACE Beta blockers
69
Hepatitis A
Active: Anti-HAV & IgM Recovered: Anti-HAV & IgG
70
Hepatitis B
Active: HBsAg, HBeAG, Anti-HBc, IgM Chronic: HBsAg, Anti-HBc, Anti-HBe, IgM, IgG Recovered: Anti-HBc, Anti-HBs
71
Hepatits C
Active: Anti-HCV, HCV RNA *Order a PCR to differentiate between both
72
Deep pain on inspiration with fingers placed under RIGHT SIDE of rib cage
Murphy's sign - Cholecystitis
73
Point tenderness between anterior iliac spine and umbilicus
McBurney's sign - Appendicitis
74
Pain with RIGHT thigh extension after bending
Psoas sign - Appendicitis
75
Pain with internal rotation of flexed RIGHT thigh
Obturator - Appendicitis
76
RIGHT lower quadrant pain when pressure applied to LEFT lower quadrant
Rovings sign - Appendicitis
77
Bluish discoloration around umbilicus or the flank - pain radiates from abdomen to flank
Cullens (umbilicus) Turner (flank) Pancreatitis
78
Knee is raised with foot externally rotated and flexed and straightened; results in audible/palpable click
McMurray's sign - Meniscus
79
Assesses anterior cruciate ligament tears (ACL)
Lachman drawer test - ACL
80
Performed by having the patient lie supine and raising the patient’s affected leg to the point of pain or 90 degrees with the knee extended. This is indicative of a herniated disc.
Straight leg test
81
Positive when tapping over the median nerve on the flexor surface of the wrist causes tingling.
Tinell test - Carpal tunnel
82
Having a patient bring both wrists into flexion and then bringing the dorsums of the hands together
Phalen sign - Carpal tunnel
83
Two tests for meningitis
Brudzinski: Neck stiffness Kernig: Knee hip stiffness
84
Occurs when scrotal pain is alleviated with the physical lifting of the testicles
Prehn sign (+) - epididymitis
85
A reflex that is elicited by stroking the inner thigh, which causes the cremaster muscle to contract and pull up the ipsilateral testicle toward the inguinal canal.
Cremasteric reflex - testicular torsion
86
Scaphoid injury
Watson Stress Test
87
CURB-65
>65 AMS BUN >19 RR > 30 BP <90/60
88
Obstructive lung disease
Asthma Chronic bronchitis Emphesema COPD
89
Restrictive lung disease
Morbid obesity Pulmonary fibrosis Sarcoidosis

AGPCNP Basics (1 decks)

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