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Immunology and Serology > Mixed > Flashcards

Mixed Flashcards

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1
Q

the condition of being resistant to infection

A

Immunity

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2
Q

Study of a host’s reaction when foreign substances(antigens) are introduced into the body

A

Immunology

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3
Q

Where cells developed and matured

A

Primary lymphoid organs

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4
Q

2 primary lymphoid organs

A

Bone Marrow

Thymus

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5
Q

Organs that process the antigens for attack

A

Secondary lymphoid organs

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6
Q

Secondary lymphoid organs are

A

Spleen, lymph nodes, tonsils, appendix, peyer’s patches(intestine),MALT

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7
Q

2 branches of immunity

A

Natural/Innate

Acquired/Adaptive/Specific

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8
Q

type of immunity that is present at birth

A

Natural/Innate Immunity

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9
Q

Immunity that is not antigen specific and no memory

A

Natural/Innate Immunity

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10
Q

Immunity that is absent at birth and acquired through exposure

A

Acquired/Adaptive/Specific Immunity

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11
Q

Immunity that is antigen specific and with memory

A

Acquired/Adaptive/Specific Immunity

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12
Q

2 parts of Natural/Innate Immunity

A

External defense

Internal defense

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13
Q

Intact skin, mucous membranes, body fluids, normal flora

A

External defense

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14
Q

WBCs, inflammation, phagocytosis

A

Internal defense

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15
Q

2 types of Acquired/Adaptive/Specific Immunity

A

Cell-mediated Immunity

Humoral-Mediated Immunity

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16
Q

Immunity that is mediated by T cells

A

Cell-mediated Immunity

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17
Q

Immunity that is mediated by B cells

A

Humoral-Mediated Immunity

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18
Q

bacterial infection, phagocytosis and respiratory burst

A

neutrophils

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19
Q

parasitic and helminthic infection, neutralization of basophil and mast cells products

A

eosinophil

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20
Q

hypersensitivity reactions, release histamines in blood

A

basophils

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21
Q

hypersensitivity reactions, connective tissue cell in tissue

A

mast cells

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22
Q

phagocytosis, migrate to tissues to become macrophages

A

monocytes

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23
Q

phagocytosis, elimination of bacteria, intracellular parasites, tumor cells, secretion of cell mediators, ag presentation

A

macrophages

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24
Q

phagocytosis, presentation of antigen to helper T cells in blood and lymph organs

A

Dendritic cells

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25
cell mediated immunity derived from cells in the bone marrow mature and differentiate in thymus
T lymphocytes
26
60 to 80 % of lymphocytes
T lymphocytes
27
humoral mediated immunity developed in the bone marrow Have surface Igs (IgM, IgD) that act as receptors for ag
B lymphocytes
28
10 to 20% of lymphocytes
B lymphocytes
29
1st line of defense against tumor cells & cells infected with viruses
NK cells
30
without T and B markers
NK cells
31
CD16 & CD56
NK Cells
32
bridge between innate & acquired immunity
NK cells
33
<20% of lymphocytes
NK cells
34
Normal CD4:CD8 ratio
2:1
35
Cytotoxic T cells & suppresor T cell
CD8 T cells
36
Helper T cells, Regulatory T cells, Delayed type hypersensitivity cells
CD4 T cells
37
Thymus dependent
T cells
38
Thymus independent
B cells
39
Type of Activated B cells
Plasma cells or Memory cells
40
type of B lymphocytes that produce antibodies
Plasma cells or Memory cells
41
Types of Acquired Immunity
Active | Passive
42
Type of Acquired immunity made by oneself
Active Acquired Immunity
43
Type of Acquired immunity which is from other host
passive acquired immunity
44
Antigenic Exposure/Infection
Natural Active Acquired Immunity
45
Vaccination (Ag)
Artificial Active Acquired immunity
46
Natural passive acquired immunity
IgG - only can transfer to placenta | IgA - colustrum
47
vaccination of immune serum
Artificial passive acquired immunity
48
defense against viruses, fungi, mycobacteria, other intracellular pathogens, tumor cells
Cell mediated Immunity
49
Involves T lymphocytes, macrophages
cell mediated immunity
50
examples of cell mediated immunity
Graft rejection hypersensitivity reaction elimination of tumor cells
51
MCH 1
CD8
52
MCH 2
CD4
53
Defense against bacteria(extracellular)
Humoral mediated immunity
54
involves B lymphocytes, plasma cells
humoral mediated immunity
55
example of humoral mediated immunity
Antibody production
56
Substances recognized as foreign by the body and have the capability to react with a complementary antibody or cell receptor
Antigen
57
an antigen that induces an antibody and reacts specifically with it
Homologous antigen
58
an antigen that reacts with an antibody it did not induce cross reaction
Heterologous antigen
59
glycoprotein substances developed by PLASMA CELLS in response to the presence of antigens
Antibodies
60
basic structure of antibodies
2 heavy chains and 2 light chains held together by disulfide bonds
61
2 types of light chains
kappa | lambda
62
normal ratio of Kappa:Lambda in serum
2:1
63
5 types of heavy chains
``` mu gamma alpha delta epsilon ```
64
4 types of hypersensitivity reactions
Type I - Allergic/Anaphylactic Type II - Cytotoxic Type III - Immune Complex Type IV - Delayed Type
65
most severe type of hypersensitivity reaction
Type I or allergic/anaphylactic
66
examples of type I hypersensitivity reaction
Bronchial asthma Hay fever Urticaria Food allergies
67
type of hypersensitivity reaction that involves HEMOLYSIS
Type II - Cytotoxic
68
Ab or Cells involved in type I hypersensitivity
IgE
69
Ab or Cells involved in type II hypersensitivity
IgM, IgG + complement
70
type of complement pathway that starts with the C1 activation
Classical pathway
71
type of complement pathway activated by IgM and IgG
Classical pathway
72
C3b
opsonin
73
C5a,C3a,C4a
anaphylatoxin
74
most virulent anaphylatoxin
C5a
75
C5a is a
chemotoxin
76
type of hypersensitivity reaction that involves autoimmune diseases
Type III - immune complexes
77
examples of type II hypersensitivity
HTR, HDN, ITP and Some drug allergies
78
Ab or Cells involved in type III hypersensitivity
IgM, IgG + complement
79
examples of type III hypersensitivity
Immune glomerulonephritis serum sickness arthus reaction
80
Type I, II, III hypersensitivity reactions are involved in what kind of immunity
Humoral-mediated immunity
81
Ab or Cells involved in type IV hypersensitivity
T cells (CD4+, T cells delayed)
82
examples of type IV hypersensitivity
Tuberculin skin test | Contact dermatitis
83
C3 convertase in Classical Pathway
C4b2a
84
C5 convertase in Classical Pathway
C4b2a3b
85
Membrane Attack Complex in Classical and Alternative pathway
C5b6789
86
Type of complement pathway that is activated by polysaccharide and lipopolysaccharide
Alternative pathway
87
Type of complement pathway that is activated by bind of MBL to mannose found in bacteria
Lectin pathway
88
type of complement pathway that is very similar to classical pathway
Lectin pathway
89
C3 convertase in Alternative Pathway
C3bBb
90
C5 convertase in Alternative Pathway
C3bBb3b
91
IGRAs is also known as
Interferon-Gamma Release Assay
92
WB test that can aid in the diagnosis of M.tuberculosis infection
IGRAs / Interferon-Gamma Release Assay
93
measure a person's immune reactivity to M.tuberculosis
IGRAs
94
2 types of IGRAs
QuantiFERON - TB Gold In-Tube test (QFT-GIT) | T-SPOT TB test (T-Spot)
95
5 classes of Immunoglobulins
``` IgG IgA IgM IgD IgE ```
96
predominant immunoglobulin
IgG
97
immunoglobulin produced in secondary(anamnestic) ab response
IgG
98
4 subclasses of IgG
IgG1 IgG2 IgG3 IgG4
99
Most clinically significant IgG subclasses are
IgG1 | IgG3
100
IgG exist as
monomer
101
IgM exist as
pentamer
102
IgA in serum exists as
monomer
103
IgA in body secretions exists as
dimer
104
Binds complement, has roles in oponization and ab-dependent cellular cytotoxicity, neutralizes toxins
IgG
105
predominant immunoglobulin in secretions
IgA
106
Only immunoglobulin that can cross the placenta barrier
IgG
107
1st antibody produced against an immunogen
IgM
108
produced during Primary immune response
IgM
109
Best activator of the classical pathway of complement
IgM
110
Immunoglobulin with unknown function
IgD
111
immunoglobulin primarily a cell membrane surface component of B-lymphocytes
IgD
112
Immunoglobulins that exist as monomer
IgG IgA in serum IgD IgE
113
immunoglobulin elevated during parasitic infections and Type I allergic reactions
IgE

Immunology and Serology (1 decks)

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