mixed review deck 1

Question 1

Define tachycardia

Answer 1

Greater than 100 bpm

Question 2

Give adult values for normal BP, prehypertension, and hypertension

Answer 2

Normal= systolic 90-120 mm Hg and diastolic 60-80 mm Hg
Prehypertension = systolic 120-140 mm Hg and/or diastolic 80-90 mm Hg
Hypertension = consistently above 140/90

Question 3

Name two medications given in the case of a mild systemic (non-allergic) reaction to iodinated contrast media

Answer 3

antihistamines (e.g. Benadryl)
possibly epinephrine to lower the BP

Question 4

Name the 2 most common SIDE EFFECTS of iodinated contrast media

Answer 4

metallic taste and temporary hot flash

Question 5

Mild, scattered hives are considered what level of reaction to contrast media?

Answer 5

Mild systemic reaction (non-allergic)

Question 6

Term for swelling of the skin (similar to hives, but under the skin) typically occurring about the face; in which level(s) of systemic response to contrast media will this occur?

Answer 6

angioedema
Moderate systemic (allergic) and/or severe systemic (vasovagal) responses; angioedema without dyspnea normally is seen in the moderate reaction, whereas angioedema with dyspnea is more typical of a severe (anaphylactic/vasovagal) response

Question 7

Moderate to severe hives, laryngeal edema, angioedema, dysphagia, dyspnea, bronchospasm, hypotension and tachycardia OR bradycardia all characterize what level of response to contrast media?

Answer 7

Moderate allergic response, also considered EARLY symptoms of an impending severe (anaphylactic or vasovagal) response

Question 8

Tabletop intensity of the fluoroscopic beam must be less than (give values in mGya/min and R/min)

Answer 8

100 mGya/min
10 R/min

Question 9

Minimum thickness of protective lead aprons and gloves to be worn by radiation workers during fluoroscopy

Answer 9

Minimum 0.25 mm Pb/eq for aprons (NCRP recommends 0.5 mm)
gloves, 0.25 mm Pb/eq

Question 10

What THREE factors are used in determining the required thickness of primary barriers?

Answer 10

occupancy factor, workload and use factor

Question 11

Define occupancy factor

Answer 11

The amount of time the space beyond the barrier is occupied

Question 12

Percentage of time the primary beam is directed at a particular barrier

Answer 12

Use factor

Question 13

Workload is measured in …

Answer 13

mAs per week or milliampere minutes per week

Question 14

Primary protective barriers are to be ___ mm (___ inches) Pb/eq thickness, ___ feet in height

Answer 14

1.5 mm (1/16 inch)
7 feet

Question 15

Secondary protective barriers include the portion of the walls above 7 feet in height, and the control booth, need to be ___ mm (___ inches) Pb/eq thickness

Answer 15

0.75 mm (1/32 inch)

Question 16

Barriers must reduce controlled area exposure to less than ___ mSv/week and uncontrolled area exposure to ___ mSv/year

Answer 16

controlled: 1 mSv/week
uncontrolled: 21 mSv/year

Question 17

Give the percent of x-ray beam attenuation of both 75 kV AND 100 kV beams by lead aprons of each thickness:
0.25 mm
0.5 mm
1.0 mm

Answer 17

0.25 mm will absorb 66% of the 75 kV beam and 51% of 100 kV

0.50 mm will absorb 88% of 75 kV and 75% of 100

1.0 mm will absorb 99% of 75 kV and 94% of 100

Question 18

2 organs with the lowest tissue weighting factor, and what is that factor?

Answer 18

Skin, brain both are weighted at 0.01

Question 19

Two organs with tissue weighting factors of 0.05

Answer 19

thyroid, liver

Lange gives breast 0.05, RTBC gives it 0.12

Question 20

Three (or 4) organs with tissue weighting factor of 0.12

Answer 20

red bone marrow, lung and stomach

Rad tech bootcamp lists breast at 0.12 as well but Lange gives it 0.05

Question 21

Radiation doses of 5 Gy to the ovaries cause …

Answer 21

sterility

Question 22

The dose required to cause erythema in 50% of those exposed is roughly …

Answer 22

5 Gy

Question 23

Give the approximate ESE rate for the average AP cervical spine radiograph

Answer 23

1.0 mGy

Question 24

Give average ESE rates for the average AP pelvis and the average AP (supine) lumbar spine

Answer 24

pelvis: 1.5 mGy
L-spine: 2.5 to 3 mGy

Question 25

Average ESE rate for the average lateral skull

Answer 25

0.70 mGy

Question 26

What is the average ESE rate for a chest x-ray, a shoulder, and an extremity?

Answer 26

CXR is 0.1 mGy
shoulder is 0.90 mGy
extremity is 0.50 mGy

Question 27

ESE rate for an average AP T-spine

Answer 27

1.8 mGy

Question 28

Increasing the voltage of the electrostatic lenses on the Image Intensifier tube will result in ___ magnification

Answer 28

increased magnification

Question 29

Term for an inanimate object that has been in contact with an infectious microorganism

Answer 29

fomite

Question 30

Portion of long bones where lengthening growth occurs

Answer 30

metaphysis

Question 31

Term for the shaft of a long bone

Answer 31

diaphysis

Question 32

Portion of a long bone that is the primary ossification center

Answer 32

diaphysis

Question 33

Secondary ossification center(s) of long bones

Answer 33

epiphyses

Question 34

Term for a bony projection without an independent ossification center

Answer 34

apophysis

Question 35

Wider portion of a long bone adjacent to the epiphysis, that contains the epiphyseal plate?

Answer 35

metaphysis

Question 36

What projection of the calcaneus is obtained with the leg extended, plantar surface vertical and perpendicular to the image receptor, and central ray directed 40 degrees caudad?

Answer 36

Axial DORSOPLANTAR projection (the CR is directed CAUDAD!)

Question 37

During proper handwashing, the hands must be kept ____ than the elbows

Answer 37

Lower than the elbows

Question 38

What is the approximate percentage of x-rays transmitted through a patient?

Answer 38

1%

Question 39

The kidneys do not lie in line with the midcoronal plane but instead the hilum is rotated ____ and the lower pole is tilted _____

Answer 39

both are anteriorly

Question 40

Give tissue weighting factors for the gonads as listed in 2 sources

Answer 40

0.20 (Lange)
0.08 (rad tech bootcamp)

Question 41

What bacterium causes bacterial meningitis

Answer 41

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Question 42

Most commonly used vessels for CABG (coronary artery bypass graft)

Answer 42

Veins; most commonly, the saphenous vein of the leg

Question 43

Neoplastic disease of the plasma

Answer 43

Multiple myeloma

Question 44

Percutaneous angioplasty functions to

Answer 44

Dilate a stenotic vessel

Question 45

ERCP: Fluoro images are done in the ___ or ___ positions

Answer 45

AP (supine) and/or LPO

Question 46

Single best projection for a swallow study

Answer 46

Lateral

Question 47

Radiographic exam of salivary glands

Answer 47

Sialography

Question 48

Name the 5 major peritoneal folds

Answer 48

Greater omentum
Lesser omentum
Mesentery
Falciform ligament
Mesocolon

Question 49

An IR front with low absorption properties is especially important in…

Answer 49

Mammography

Question 50

What is the inception date, with regard to a personnel dose report?

Answer 50

Date of inception of the dosimeter! (Month and year)

Question 51

A lesion with a stalk projecting from the intestinal mucosa into the intestinal lumen

Answer 51

Polyp

Question 52

3 factors in elongation distortion

Answer 52

OID (!), tube angle and angle direction relative to the part being imaged

Question 53

What is the advantage of tethered or wireless flat panel digital mobile units over conventional (including battery operated conventional) portable radiographic units?

Answer 53

You can view the image before leaving the patient.