Mixing the Coating Flashcards
(92 cards)
1
Q
The mixing of industrial coatings is related to the expected service life. True or False?
A
True.
2
Q
IOZ powder should be ___ prior to adding to any coating mixture.
A
Sifted
3
Q
Each coating component should be mixed separately before combining, then ___ ___.
A
Mixed again after.
4
Q
Document the addition of any ___ to a coating.
A
Thinner
5
Q
Document the addition of any ___ to a coating.
A
Thinner
6
Q
Mixing should be performed at slow speed so a vortex does not?
A
Pull air into the mixture.
7
Q
The length of time spent mixing should be?
A
Documented
8
Q
The time mixing ends should be recorded for each unit. True or False?
A
True.
Tip: Write the time on each can lid, then replace the lid.
9
Q
Ensure the mixer observed the proper ___ ___ before adding any mixture to the pump reservoir.
A
Induction Time.
10
Q
Ensure the coating is applied within its?
A
Pot life.
11
Q
Liquid coatings are applied via?
A
Brush, roller, spray, dip, and flow methods.
12
Q
The most common application methods are?
A
Brush, Roller, and Spray.
13
Q
If certified applicators are required by the specification the CI should?
A
Confirm the applicators are certified.
14
Q
Disposable ___ ___ brushes are the most common type of brushes for industrial coatings.
A
Hog Bristle.
15
Q
Disposable brushes are used because once they are exposed to ___ ___ coatings they cannot be recleaned.
A
Chemically cured coatings.
16
Q
Industrial coatings use brushes to ___ ___ welds, edges, and inside corners, as well as areas where spray guns cannot reach.
A
Stripe coat.
17
Q
Brush applied coating will not look like sprayed coating, now will it leave a uniformly ___ coating on the surface.
A
Even
18
Q
Brush coats tend to need two coats to equal?
A
One spray applied coat.
19
Q
Brushes are the best choice for applying coating to ___ ___, such as welds or on pitted steel.
A
Rough surfaces.
20
Q
Applicators can use the brush to work the coating into the small voids that ___ or ___ application would bridge over.
A
Roller or Spray
21
Q
Brushes are ideal for applying coatings to ___ since the force of spray application can blow the coating off the surface.
A
Edges.
22
Q
One type of roller which has no 1___ is used to apply 2___ ___ coatings.
A
- Cover
2. Non-skid
23
Q
Rollers can also be used for?
A
Stripe Coating.
24
Q
Inspectors should realize that different application methods produce __ ___ results.
A
Visually different results.
25
Most manufactures of coatings design for brush/roller application supply ___ ___ ___ with their coatings.
Slow evaporating thinners.
26
The basic principle of spray application is to transform a 1___ of ___ into very small 2___. then deposit them on the surface.
Airless spray does this by using very high pressure to for the liquid through a very small hole.
1. Stream of liquid.
| 2. Droplets.
27
The conventional spray method sprays material though a hole (larger than the airless orifice) at much lower pressure, then breaks it up using a 2___ of ___. (aka 2___)
1. Stream of air.
| 2. Atomizing.
28
Several other types of spray equipment work by works by the same transformation of droplets. Examples include:
1. ___ ___ ___ ___ units. (HVLP)
2. Air assisted ___ equipment.
1. High volume low-pressure units.
| 2. Air assisted, Airless equipment. (A combo of airless and conventional equipment. )
29
The most commonly used application method for residential, commercial or industrial jobs?
Airless Spray
30
With airless spray a 1___ pump pulls material from a container and forces it through a high pressure line at up to 2____ psi, which pushes it through an orifice on the end of the gun breaking it into very small droplets.
1. Piston Pump.
| 2. 9000 psi.
31
An airless spray gun has no controls on it except for a simple __/__ trigger.
On/off.
Pulling the trigger releases the full force and volume of the paint.
32
When working around airless spray equipment be aware of the very 2___ ___ and the hazard of 2___ injury.
1. High pressure.
| 2. Injection
33
The coating comes out of an airless spray tip at around __ or higher.
3,500 Psi
34
With pressures found in Airless spray equipment, even a leak around a fitting can inject coating?
Under the skin.
35
Be wary of any airless pump, hose and gun setup that does not look?
Well maintained.
36
Insure the pressure rating of all downstream fittings on an airless system does not exceed maximum limits. If the fitting is not rated for the required pressures it may?
Explode.
37
Most piston pumps used in airless/or other types of spray operates using 1___ ___. The pressure of the material at the 2___ ___ results form the relationship between the air coming into the air motor and the size of 3___ ___.
The 4___ piston is on the air side and the smaller is on the 5___ side.
This is how pumps are commonly designated. (i.e. 30:1). A 30:1 pump with 100 psi of incoming are increases the pressure of the liquid by 30.
1. Compressed Air.
2. Gun Tip
3. Two pistons.
4. Larger
5. Liquid
38
Some airless pumps are unrestricted and can spray as much as 5 gallons per minute. However, the more common rates is about __ to __ __ because that is about as much as the applicator can reasonably control.
1 to 3 liters.
39
The greatest benefit of a high pressure, high volume pump is the ability of ___ ___ to work from it with sufficient pressure.
Several applicators.
40
The coating finish depends on, in part, whether the pump provides enough ___ to ___ the coating for all of the guns attached to it.
Pressure to atomize.
41
If the coating is not atomized at the same rate for each applicator the ___ will be uneven and coating defects can occur such as runs, and sags.
DFT
42
The only control applicators have with airless spray rigs is?
Changing the gun tips.
43
Airless spray tips come in a variety of 1___ with the orifices cut at different 2___.
1. Sizes.
| 2. Angles.
44
Airless spray tip selection is based on a various factors:
1. ___ and ___ of coating provided by the pump.
2. ___ ___, which controls coating atomization.
3. ___ ___, which controls the width of the spray pattern.
4. Use a tip size appropriate for the coating. This can be found on the ___.
1. Volume and pressure.
2. Tip size.
3. Tip Angle.
4. MPDS
45
An improperly atomized coating does not flow out well on the surface resulting in 1___ ___ and subsequent ___ ___? It also compromises the 2___ due to uneven spray pattern and can cause 3___ and ___ spray.
1. Poor wetting and subsequent poor adhesion.
2. DFT
3. Dry Spray and Over Spray.
46
Tips are typically named with a number that indicates the ___ ___ and ___ of the orifice.
Tip angle and diameter of the orifice.
47
For a 417 spray tip:
4 is the ___
and 17 is the ___ of the ___.
4 is the angle
| and 17 is the diameter of the orifice in thousands of an inch.
48
For a 417 spray tip:
4 is the ___
and 17 is the ___ of the ___.
4 is the angle
| and 17 is the diameter of the orifice in thousands of an inch. (mils)
49
To calculate the pattern width of a spray tip, take the first number and ___ it to obtain the pattern width in inches.
Double it.
50
Spray tips wear out and applicators should inspect them ___.
Daily.
51
During application watch the spray patter to ensure it is 1___, does not have 2___ and is not 3___.
1. Even.
2. Fingering.
3. Misshapen.
52
This term describes a poorly atomized spray pattern from an airless spray system, resulting in an uneven application of the coating.
Fingering.
53
At the start of each shift the applicator should use a ___ ___ to take WFT readings. Then use this reading to determine how much coating to apply.
Comb Gauge.
54
Well trained applicators check WFT each time they ___ ___ or the ___ of the area changes.
Change locations, or when the configuration of the area changes.
55
To calculate needed amount WFT:
Divide the needed DFT by the ___ ___ ___ of the coating in use?
Volume of solids.
56
Coating inspectors do not measure ___ unless required by the specification for a special reason.
WFT
57
If the coating inspector must take WFT readings, then it must be done?
As soon as the coating is applied.
58
Trained applicators follow a logical patter when applying coatings.
The tip should be 1___ ___ and at a 2___ ___ angle from the surface.
Since it is not possible to achieve that standard at all times acceptable parameters for airless spray are a 3___ to ___ inch distance between the tip and the surface with as close to a 4__ ___ ___ as possible.
1. 12 inches.
2. 90 Degree angle.
3. 10-14 inch distance.
4. 90 Degree angle.
59
Anything less than a 10 inch distance between an airless spray tip and the surface may result in an ___ ___ finish and result in too much coating on the surface.
Alligator Skin.
60
An airless tip to surface distance of over 14 inches may result in ___ and a ___ coating.
Over spray and a thin coating.
61
On some jobs there are areas that may be out of the reach for the airless spray applicator, increasing the tip to surface distance outside of the acceptable range. In this cases limit that distance as much as possible with proper staging or special equipment. And closely monitor the ___ of these areas.
DFT
62
The DFT standard is?
SSPC-PA 2
63
SSPC-PA 2 requires a minimum of readings but allows the inspector to take additional readings if an area is found to be ___ of ___.
Out of conformance.
64
Plural airless spray equipment differs from single component airless spray equipment is that there are 1___ ___ ___ synchronized to operate together at a controlled rate. These ensure the coating components are delivered at the right 2___ and ___.
1. Two Piston Pumps.
| 2. Pressure and rate.
65
Plural Airless Spray pumps may be operated at a ___ or ___ rate.
Fixed or variable.
66
In addition to the two pumps for plural airless spray, the equipment generally includes:
1. ___ ___.
2. ___ ___.
3. __ ___ for coating components.
4. Supply lines for ___ and ___.
5. ___ (low and high pressure.
6. ___
7. Unit to ___ the coating.
8. Container of ___.
9. ___ gauges.
10. ___ ___ with display screen.
11. ___ ___ configured to mix components.
1. Air Compressor.
2. Air motor.
3. Two containers for coating components.
4. Supply lines for solvent and coating.
5. Filters (low and high pressure.
6. Hoses
7. Unit to heat the coating.
8. Container of solvent.
9. Pressure gauges.
10. Control panel with display screen.
11. Spray gun configured to mix components.
67
Plural airless system have one of two types of pump configurations, either:
Fixed Ratio, or Variable Ratio.
68
Since properly operated pumps are so critical to the quality of coatings applied with plural airless spray, pump manufacturers offer classed to teach how to operate their pump and then certify the operators. Inspectors should ensure anyone operating these pumps are?
Properly certified.
69
The only solution to a plural airless spray that has been delivered to the substrate in the incorrect ratio is to?
Remove and reapply the coatings.
70
For applicators there are only a few differences between using conventional airless equipment (single pump) and plural airless spray. There is no difference at the?
Spray gun.
71
There are a couple of drawbacks to plural airless spray:
1. The spray gun is quite ___ to hold because of the ___ coating.
2. A pause of more than a second or two in ___ the gun negatively affects coating atomization which causes fingering.
1. The spray gun is quite hot to hold because of the heated coating.
2. A pause of more than a second or two in triggering the gun negatively affects coating atomization which causes fingering.
72
For plural airless spray Inspectors should follow the manufacturers equipment guidelines and observe and document:
1. __ checks at the start and end of shift, and after operating stoppages for breaks or reservoir reloading.
2. ___ ___ on equipment screen.
3. ___ of each component.
1. Ratio checks at the start and end of shift, and after operating stoppages for breaks or reservoir reloading.
2. Error Messages on equipment screen.
3. Temp of each component.
73
Conventional spray equipment is commonly used when a 1___ ___ is required. It is also used to apply 2___ ___ ___ coatings because high pressures airless spray equipment can cause the power to separate out of the liquid.
1. Fine Finish.
| 2. Inorganic Zinc
74
Conventional spray is appropriate for painting a 1___ or ___, However, large industrial projects need equipment with far greater 2___ ___ than conventional spray rigs can supply.
1. Boat or Automobile.
| 2. Production rates.
75
A drawback is how conventional spray atomizes the coating. It can cause the spray to 1___ during application resulting in greater 2___ even on flat surfaces.
1. Drift
| 2. Over spray
76
Conventional spray pots include:
1. A ___ ___ for the coating.
2. A ___ ___ source.
3. __ ___, one carrying the ___ the other carrying ___.
4. A __ __ with several controls.
1. A pressure pot for the coating.
2. A compressed air source.
3. Two hoses one carrying the coating the other carrying air.
4. A spray gun with several controls.
77
The pressures that conventional spray uses varies according to the ___ and its ___.
Material and its viscosity.
78
Applicators often measure the coatings ___ prior to coating.
Viscosity.
79
Conventional spray pressure pots have two sets of 1___ ___ ___ and ___. One regulates 2___ ___ and the other regulates the ___ ___ moving the coating to the guns tip.
1. Air pressure gauges and controls.
| 2. Pot pressure
80
The pressure pot uses low pressure __ to ___ psi to move the coating to the 2___ and ___.
The pressurized air feeds through the air cap and atomizes the coating as the stream leaves the tip.
1. 25 to 50 psi
| 2. Gun and tip.
81
The ___ lists tip and air cap size for each particular coating.
MPDS
82
Applicators using conventional spray rigs have option to control both the size and shape of the 1___ ___ as well as the 2___ of ___ coming out of the gun.
1. Spray Pattern.
| 2. Volume of material.
83
Two Turn knobs on the back of the conventional air gun adjust ___ and ___ of the spray pattern.
Size and Shape.
84
The trigger of a conventional spray gun serves as the 1___ ___. To shoot only air, the applicator 2___ the ___ ___ ___ and holds it there. The volume of coating being sprayed increases the 3___ ___ the applicator 4___ the ___. This extra control and the much lower speed and volume of the material coming out of the gun allows a more finely controlled spray application.
1. Volume Control.
2. Pulls the trigger back halfway.
3. Further back
4. Holds the trigger.
85
Conventional spray has its drawbacks. Several 1___ ___ coatings cannot be applied with this spray equipment. 2 ___ ___, ___ ___ coatings cannot be pushed or atomized with low air pressure. Also, coatings with 3___ ___ ___ ___ cannot be spray applied effectively.
1. Heavy Duty
2. High Build, High viscosity coatings.
3. Very short pot lives.
86
With Conventional spray inspectors should watch for ___.
Over spray.
87
Air assisted airless spray equipment consists of an 1___ ___ pump rig paired with a special 2___ that uses 3___ ___ at the tip to help atomize the coating. Using lower pressures than the airless pump and obtaining improved atomization by air at the tip will increase 4___ ___ and the pressure at the tip is normally lower than standard airless.
1. Airless spray
2. Gun.
3. Air pressure.
4. Transfer efficiency.
88
___ ___ ___ ___ rigs, like air assisted airless spray equipment, are frequently found in shops, and are used for touch ups since these rigs can be very portable.
High Volume, Low Pressure (HVLP)
89
High Volume, Low Pressure (HVLP) equipment is not usually used for large industrial projects unless local regulations require very low?
V.O.C.
90
HVLP reduces the 1___ of ___ and therefore reduces overall 2___ ___.
1. Loss of material.
| 2. VOC Emissions.
91
HVLP rigs use a large volume of 1___ ___ to push coating through an orifice that is atomized by a low pressure 2___ of ___. Because of the low pressures, the coating strikes the surface with very low energy and does not 3 ___ ___ into the air. Which is what causes over spray.
1. Heated air.
2. Shot of air.
3. Bounce back.
92
Other methods to apply coatings to small, complicated equipment and parts are ___, ___ and ___ ___.
Dipping, pouring, and flood coating.
