Mixtures Flashcards
What is a compound?
Two or more elements that are bonded together
What is an element?
This is only made up of one atom but can make giant structures such as diamond and graphite (all made out of carbon).
What is a molecule?
Two or more atoms covalently bonded to each other.
What is a mixture?
Two or more substances, elements or compounds which are jumbled together not chemically bonded.
How can filtration be used in something such as sand and saltwater?
The filter paper has small enough holes for the water and the sodium chloride to pass through but the solid sand is too large to pass through and is therefore collected.
How does crystallisation work?
Crystallisation is when a solid is dissolved in a solvent (liquid), so you apply heat allowing the solvent to dissolve leaving saturated solution (a solution with as much dissolved solid in it as possible). When the solution is allowed to cool crystals will come out of it and they can be collected.
How does distillation work?
Two liquids will be in a solution, you will heat the solution so the one with a lower boiling point will turn into gas and will be collected in the condenser (which cools the gas) allowing it to condense and becomes a liquid and is collected in a separate tube.
What is fractional distillation?
The method to separate two liquids that have close boiling points (less than 25 degrees).
