Mixtures/Solutions Flashcards
What is a mixture?
A mixture is a material made up of two or more different substances which are physically combined.
What is a homogenous mixture?
A homogeneous mixture is one that’s mixed or blended together so well that all of the ingredients will not separate out, even over time. It’s composition is uniform/ constant throughout the mixture.
What is a heterogenous mixture?
A heterogeneous mixture is a mixture made of two or more substances that are combined (mixed) together but not dissolved together. It is not the same consistency throughout and can be separated into its original parts.
What is a solution?
A solution is a homogenous mixture of two or more substances made by dissolving a solute into a solvent.
eg. lemonadle, tea, coffee, vinegar, air.
They are made up of solids, liquids, gasses or a combination of these.
What is a solute?
A solute is a substance that dissolves into a solvent in a solution.
What is a solvent?
A solvent is the substance that a solute dissolves into to produce a homogeneous mixture.
What is a suspension?
A suspension is a heterogeneous mixture in which the solid particles are spread throughout the liquid without dissolving in it
- When a suspension is well mixed it is called dispersed
-The particles in a suspension are called sediments
What is a colloid?
A colloid is a mixture of two or more substances mixed together but not chemically combined (they can be separated). Colloids are a mix between solutions and suspensions; the particles are not as small as those in solutions, but are smaller than the particles in suspensions.
What is an emulsion?
An emulsions is a type of colloid, and a mixture of two liquids that usually do not mix together. An emulsifier can be added to bind the two liquids to form an emulsion.
Oil in water is an example of an emulsion.
Important things to remember on solutions:
· You cant keep dissolving a solute into a solvent forever
· If no more solute can be dissolved, the solution is saturated
Solubility = how substances dissolve
·Something that can dissolve is said to be soluble
· Something that can’t dissolve is said to be insoluble
○ Particles in soluble substances are bonded weaker (than the solvent)
· Particles in insoluble substances are bonded stronger (than the solvent)
· It is important to note that some substances will dissolve in some solvents, but not others
