mktg 465 final 06 sampling

Question 1

any complete group with a specific characteristic

Answer 1

population

Question 2

complete group of individuals or things from whom information is needed to meet the objectives of the study

Answer 2

marketing research population

Question 3

a list of elements of the population from which the sample may be drawn

Answer 3

sample frame

Question 4

inclusion/exclusion of a subset of individuals without/with unique characteristics of interest

Answer 4

sampling frame error

Question 5

single element or groups of elements subject to selection in the sample

Answer 5

sample units

Question 6

if budget is small (sample or census)

Answer 6

sample

Question 7

if sampling errors are low (sample or census)

Answer 7

sample

Question 8

if population variance is large (sample or census)

Answer 8

census

Question 9

if population size is large (sample or census)

Answer 9

sample

Question 10

if the nature of measurement is nondestructive (sample or census)

Answer 10

census

Question 11

if the time available is long (sample or census)

Answer 11

census

Question 12

if sampling errors are high (sample or census)

Answer 12

census

Question 13

if budget is large (sample or census)

Answer 13

census

Question 14

if time available is short (sample or census)

Answer 14

sample

Question 15

if population variance is small(sample or census)

Answer 15

sample

Question 16

if population size is small (sample or census)

Answer 16

census

Question 17

if the nature of measurement is destructive (sample or census)

Answer 17

sample

Question 18

samples in which every element of the population has a known, non-zero probability of selection

Answer 18

probability sampling

Question 19

what are the advantages of probability sampling?

Answer 19

• sample error can be computed
• the results can be projected to the whole population

Question 20

what are the disadvantages of probability sampling?

Answer 20

expense and time required to design and execute

Question 21

what are the 4 probability sampling methods?

Answer 21

• simple random sampling
• systematic sampling
• stratified sampling
• cluster sampling

Question 22

random sampling from mutually exclusive and exhaustive subgroups

Answer 22

stratified sampling

Question 23

what are the problems with stratified sampling?

Answer 23

• information to stratify not readily available
• proportional/disproportional sampling

Question 24

random selection from all elements in the population

Answer 24

simple random sampling

Question 25

what are the issues with simple random sampling

Answer 25

- construction of a representative sampling frame - disproportionate subgroups

Question 26

every nth element (skip interval) from the list following a random starting point

Answer 26

systematic sampling

Question 27

what is the issue with systematic sampling?

Answer 27

- covers the entire sample frame - possible bias from hidden patterns

Question 28

random selection of a mutually exclusive group or cluster of elements

Answer 28

cluster sampling

Question 29

what is the only method without names involved

Answer 29

cluster sampling

Question 30

selection of specific elements from the population in a non-random manor

Answer 30

non-probability sampling

Question 31

what are the 2 advantages to non-probability sampling?

Answer 31

- cost - time

Question 32

what are the 2 disadvantages to non-probability sampling?

Answer 32

- sampling error cannot be computed - the degree to which the sample is representative of the population is unknown

Question 33

what are the 4 types of non-probability sampling methods?

Answer 33

convenience sampling, judgement sampling, quota sampling, snowball sampling

Question 34

samples in which selection of additional respondents is based on referrals from the initial respondents

Answer 34

snowball sampling

Question 35

what are the issues with snowball sampling?

Answer 35

low-incidence or rare population, subject to the willingness of respondents to provide referrals

Question 36

samples in which quotas are established for mutually exclusive population subgroups

Answer 36

quota sampling

Question 37

what is the issue with quota sampling?

Answer 37

favors those most easily found

Question 38

sampling the people that are most available

Answer 38

convenience sampling

Question 39

what is the issue with convenience sampling?

Answer 39

potential for selection bias

Question 40

selection criteria based on judgement that the element is representative of the population under study

Answer 40

judgement sampling

Question 41

what is the issue with judgement sampling?

Answer 41

subject to the personal judgement of the researcher

Question 42

the formula for sample size for a proportion? when looking for how many people or need to be surveyed

Answer 42

n= (z^2(pq))/e^2

Question 43

for sample size for a proportion, what is n?

Answer 43

sample size

Question 44

for sample size for a proportion, what is z?

Answer 44

confidence level, always 1.96

Question 45

for sample size for a proportion, what is e?

Answer 45

maximum allowance for error

Question 46

for sample size for a proportion, what is pq?

Answer 46

estimated proportion with specified characteristic, always (0.5*0.5)

Question 47

what is the formula for adjusting based on sample size?

Answer 47

n'= nN/(N+n-1)

Question 48

what is n' for population and sample size

Answer 48

revised sample size

Question 49

what is n for population and sample size

Answer 49

original sample size

Question 50

what is N for population and sample size

Answer 50

population size