mnemonics and songlines

Question 1

What are mnemonics?

Answer 1

-Mnemonics are techniques used to improve or enhance memory.
- work by using effortful elaboration on info that needs to be learned so creating more CUES when later RETRIEVAL is required
- maintenance rehearsal- rote repetition
- elaborative rehearsal- connecting new info to old already formed memories

Question 2

Written versus Oral Mnemonics

Answer 2

-Acrostics are an example of a mnemonic from a written culture.
- Songlines are an example of a mnemonic from an oral culture

Question 3

Acronyms

Answer 3

-is a word formed from the first letter of each word to be remembered and that word is pronounceable.

Question 4

Acrostics

Answer 4

-are phrases in which the first letter of each word functions as a cue to help with recall.

Question 5

Method of Loci

Answer 5

-nvolves committing a familiar location or series of locations to memory, and visually linking these locations with information that needs to be recalled.
each location serves as retrieval cues that makes it easier to retrieve info when it is needed

Question 6

Dreaming

Answer 6

-is a guide to life and living; Dreaming is not just stories, it is art, songs, dance; it is forged into the land itself.

Question 7

Songlines

Answer 7

• Songlines are sung narratives of the landscape that weave across Country and enable every significant place in Aboriginal Dreaming to be known.
  -in order to use them first nations people, physically move through the landscape.
  e.g The ‘Yingabeal’ scar-tree (in Bulleen) marks the point where five different Songline routes meet and come together.
  -Physical markers like ‘Yingabeal’ allowed the traveller to know where they are in their journey.

Question 8

songlines and brain regions

Answer 8

of how the use of songlines can enhance encoding, storage and retrieval of information to the role of appropriate brain regions (hippocampus, neocortex and amygdala).

Question 9

differences with songlines and method of loci

Answer 9

• Songlines involve the pairing of place and information, like the method of loci, but are much more elaborate.
  A songline is a navigational route comprising a sequence of locations, but it is more than just the route.
  -Knowledge accumulated over many thousands of years is attached to numerous songlines throughout Australia.
  -Encoding storage and retrieval of knowledge communicated at different locations are enhanced through stories and vivid characters, and the use of portable objects such as message sticks, food carrying dishes, knotted cords, boards and stones.
  -Using the material devices, in combination with the landscape, song, dance and performance provides time, place and elaborate, multi-sensory information for deep encoding, long-lasting memories and efficient retrieval.

Question 10

the Multi-Store Memory Model: Atkinson and Shiffrin with MNEMONICS

Answer 10

-mnemonic devices are especially ACTIVE during ENCODING stage
- same time as the “info to be learned” is being encoded- retrieval cues that will make it easier to find the info are ALSO encoded
-mnemonics dont work by reducing the amount of info.- INFO IS ADDED TO ORGANISE the material such that storage in long-term occurs in a way that makes it easier to locate and retrieve
- mnemonics odten organise info into cohesive whole- to connect new info to exsisting info - so retrieval of part it assises retrieval of all it