MO BOOK 13- LC 123. Burning fat. RC 123. Is a Calorie a Calorie

Question 1

team /tim/

Answer 1

First Lady Michelle Obama teamed up with Rachael Ray to unveil the biggest overhaul of school meals in more than 15 years.

Question 2

unveil /ʌnˈveɪl/

Answer 2

First Lady Michelle Obama teamed up with Rachael Ray to unveil the biggest overhaul of school meals in more than 15 years.

Question 3

overhaul /ˈoʊvərˌhɔl/

Answer 3

First Lady Michelle Obama teamed up with Rachael Ray to unveil the biggest overhaul of school meals in more than 15 years.

Question 4

takeaway /ˈteɪkəˌweɪ/

Answer 4

So the takeaway.

Question 5

indulgence /ɪnˈdʌldʒəns/

Answer 5

They say little indulgences add up.

Question 6

grand /ɡrænd/

Answer 6

Carry one of those bags, you can save a couple of grand a year.

Question 7

rev up /rev/

Answer 7

And there is new science tonight that reveals that inside our own bodies is a secret weapon that if revved up, can help us burn the fat.

Question 8

catch /kætʃ/

Answer 8

But there is one catch, you got to like it cold.

Question 9

game changer

Answer 9

It’s a potential game changer in the battle of the bulge.

Question 10

bulge /bʌldʒ/

Answer 10

It’s a potential game changer in the battle of the bulge.

Question 11

metabolism /məˈtæbəˌlɪzəm/

Answer 11

There metabolism jumped by 80%.

Question 12

lounge around

Answer 12

And while lounging around for 3 hours, their bodies burned an extra 250 calories, the equivalent of 30 minutes on the treadmill.

Question 13

furnace /ˈfɜrnɪs/

Answer 13

The secret weapon? The cold. It appears to activate certain fat called brown fat, which acts like a furnace, heating up the body, causing it to burn calories.

Question 14

brisk /brɪsk/

Answer 14

I’m actually burning about as many as calories as I would during a brisk walk.

Question 15

thermal /ˈθɜrm(ə)l/

Answer 15

You can also use the thermal environment.

Question 16

go to extremes /ɪkˈstrim/

Answer 16

More research needs to be done, and experts caution against going to extremes.

Question 17

faddist

Answer 17

These two are not faddists but clear thinkers: actual scientists

Question 18

derive /dɪˈraɪv/

Answer 18

It might help to first define a calorie, and that’s easy: it’s a measure of the energy derived from a food source.

Question 19

carbohydrate/ˌkɑrboʊˈhaɪˌdreɪt/

Answer 19

A gram of fat has been determined to have nine calories and a gram of protein or carbohydrate four calories; so for any given measure, fat has more than twice as many calories as protein or carbs.

Question 20

carbs

Answer 20

A gram of fat has been determined to have nine calories and a gram of protein or carbohydrate four calories; so for any given measure, fat has more than twice as many calories as protein or carbs.

Question 21

confound /kənˈfaʊnd/

Answer 21

A food isn’t a food — they’re all different — but since a calorie is just a measurement of energy, how can it vary? When I asked my question, Nestle’s answer was confounding: “Yes and no,” she said, adding, “It’s Talmudic.”

Question 22

talmudic /tælˈmudɪk/

Answer 22

A food isn’t a food — they’re all different — but since a calorie is just a measurement of energy, how can it vary? When I asked my question, Nestle’s answer was confounding: “Yes and no,” she said, adding, “It’s Talmudic.”

Question 23

one thing or another

Answer 23

Because calories change as they enter the body, the nine grams for fat and four for everything else turn out to be not very accurate measures at all; besides, foods are only rarely one thing or another.

Question 24

intake /ˈɪnˌteɪk/

Answer 24

Here’s what is true, she said: “The studies that have measured calorie intake, that have put people on calorie-reduced diets and measured what happened, show no difference in weight loss based on composition of the diet.”

Question 25

incarcerate /ɪnˈkɑrsəˌreɪt/

Answer 25

When people are essentially incarcerated, when all intake is weighed and measured, they will lose weight if the calories in their diets are reduced — regardless of the composition of the diet. 

Question 26

experimental /ɪkˌsperɪˈment(ə)l/

Answer 26

“That’s why we hear a calorie is a calorie,” she said. “But no one lives under experimental conditions, and foods are complicated mixtures: fiber makes a difference and form makes a difference.” 

Question 27

mixture /ˈmɪkstʃər/

Answer 27

“That’s why we hear a calorie is a calorie,” she said. “But no one lives under experimental conditions, and foods are complicated mixtures: fiber makes a difference and form makes a difference.” 

Question 28

process /prəˈses/

Answer 28

The “calorie is a calorie” argument is widely used by the processed food industry to explain that weight loss isn’t really about what you eat but about how many calories you eat.

Question 29

lack /læk/

Answer 29

But if it were just about calories, you could eat only sugar and be fine. In fact, you’d die: sugar lacks essential nutrients. 

Question 30

case /keɪs/

Answer 30

That’s an obvious case. 

Question 31

get past

Answer 31

And once you get past my perhaps lame “Is a calorie a calorie” question, you can begin to see something approaching the truth.

Question 32

lame /leɪm/

Answer 32

And once you get past my perhaps lame “Is a calorie a calorie” question, you can begin to see something approaching the truth.

Question 33

regulation /ˌreɡjəˈleɪʃ(ə)n/

Answer 33

For one thing, says Nestle: “There are dozens of factors involved in weight regulation. It’s hard to lose weight, because the body is set up to defend fat, so you don’t starve to death; the body doesn’t work as well to tell people to stop eating as when to tell them when to start.”

Question 34

defend /dɪˈfend/

Answer 34

For one thing, says Nestle: “There are dozens of factors involved in weight regulation. It’s hard to lose weight, because the body is set up to defend fat, so you don’t starve to death; the body doesn’t work as well to tell people to stop eating as when to tell them when to start."

Question 35

put on weight

Answer 35

An important question, then, is really something like, “What can I eat to keep from putting on weight?” and here the answer turns out to be not only easy but also expected. 

Question 36

shine /ʃaɪn/

Answer 36

Ultimately, the calorie is political: marketing affects instinct, and Nestle and Nesheim really shine in their analysis in this realm.

Question 37

realm /relm/

Answer 37

Ultimately, the calorie is political: marketing affects instinct, and Nestle and Nesheim really shine in their analysis in this realm. 

Question 38

organized /ˈɔrɡəˌnaɪzd/

Answer 38

(Their slogan: “Get organized. Eat less. Eat better. Move more. Get political.”) 

Question 39

period /ˈpɪriəd/

Answer 39

And a couple of big ones: “Stop marketing food to kids. Period. Just make it go away.” And get rid of health claims on food packages too. 

Question 40

revert to something /rɪˈvɜrt/

Answer 40

And get rid of health claims on food packages too. “Unless,” she says, reverting to her pure science role, “they’re backed up by universally accepted science. Which would get rid of all of them.” 

Question 41

universally /ˌyunəˈvərsəli/ 

Answer 41

And get rid of health claims on food packages too. “Unless,” she says, reverting to her pure science role, “they’re backed up by universally accepted science. Which would get rid of all of them.” 

Question 42

team /tim/

Answer 42

v. def1. team or team up [intransitive/transitive] to play a sport or to work together with someone to achieve a particular aim, or to put people together for this purpose

Question 43

unveil /ʌnˈveɪl/

Answer 43

v. [transitive] def1. mainly journalism to announce something officially that was previously a secret

Question 44

overhaul /ˈoʊvərˌhɔl/

Answer 44

n. [countable] [usually singular] def-a. a complete change to a system that is intended to make it work more effectively

Question 45

takeaway /ˈteɪkəˌweɪ/

Answer 45

noun [countable] British def1. a takeout

Question 46

indulgence /ɪnˈdʌldʒəns/

Answer 46

n. def2. [countable] something special that someone does for pleasure, not because they need to def2. [countable] something that you allow yourself to have even though it is not essential

Question 47

grand /ɡrænd/

Answer 47

n. [countable] def1. plural grand Informal a thousand dollars

Question 48

rev up /rev/

Answer 48

phrasal verb [intransitive/transitive] def2. Informal to become or make something become faster, more lively, or more exciting

Question 49

catch /kætʃ/

Answer 49

n. def3. [countable] [usually singular] a hidden problem or difficulty in something that seems extremely good

Question 50

game changer

Answer 50

n. -a person, an idea or an event that completely changes the way a situation develops - (literally, or figuratively, ) Something unexpected which changes the rules of a process viewed as a game. 

Question 51

bulge /bʌldʒ/

Answer 51

n. [countable] def1. a shape that curves outward on the surface of something, often made by something under it or inside it

Question 52

metabolism /məˈtæbəˌlɪzəm/

Answer 52

n. [countable/uncountable] Biology all the chemical processes by which cells produce the energy and substances necessary for life. Food is separated into the parts it is made up of to produce heat and energy, to repair tissues, and to help growth to happen

Question 53

lounge around

Answer 53

phrasal verb [intransitive] or lounge about British to spend time relaxing or doing nothing when you should be doing something

Question 54

furnace /ˈfɜrnɪs/

Answer 54

n. [countable] a large enclosed container in which you burn fuel, used for heating a building or for an industrial process such as making metal liquid

Question 55

brisk /brɪsk/

Answer 55

adj. def1. moving or acting quickly

Question 56

thermal /ˈθɜrm(ə)l/

Answer 56

adj. [only before noun] def1. Science relating to or caused by heat

Question 57

go to extremes /ɪkˈstrim/

Answer 57

go to extremes or take/carry something to extremes -to do something much more than is usual or reasonable -to act or be forced to act in a way that is far from normal or reasonable

Question 58

faddist

Answer 58

fad /fæd/ n. [countable] something that is popular or fashionable for only a short time

Question 59

derive /dɪˈraɪv/

Answer 59

v. def1. [transitive] to receive or obtain something from something else

Question 60

carbohydrate/ˌkɑrboʊˈhaɪˌdreɪt/

Answer 60

n. BIOLOGY [countable/uncountable] a substance found in foods such as sugar, bread, and potatoes. Carbohydrates supply your body with heat and energy.

Question 61

carbs

Answer 61

carbohydrate n. def2. carbohydrates (also informal carbs) [plural] foods such as bread, potatoes, and rice that contain a lot of carbohydrates

Question 62

confound /kənˈfaʊnd/

Answer 62

v. [transitive] def2. if you are confounded by something, you cannot understand it

Question 63

talmudic /tælˈmudɪk/

Answer 63

adj./ the Talmud /ˈtælməd/ [singular] a collection of ancient writings on Jewish law and traditions

Question 64

one thing or another

Answer 64

*이것 저것, 이런 저런 일로.

Question 65

intake /ˈɪnˌteɪk/

Answer 65

n. def1. [singular] the amount of something that you eat or drink

Question 66

incarcerate /ɪnˈkɑrsəˌreɪt/

Answer 66

v. [transitive] Formal to put someone in prison

Question 67

experimental /ɪkˌsperɪˈment(ə)l/

Answer 67

adj. def2. relating to, based on, or used in scientific experiments

Question 68

mixture /ˈmɪkstʃər/

Answer 68

n. def2. [countable/uncountable] a substance such as food that is the result of mixing different things

Question 69

process /prəˈses/

Answer 69

v. [transitive] def4. to add chemicals or other substances to food, for example to keep it fresh for a long time

Question 70

lack /læk/

Answer 70

v. [transitive] to not have any or enough of something that you need or want

Question 71

case /keɪs/

Answer 71

n. def4. [countable] a set of facts and arguments that you can state for or against something

Question 72

get past

Answer 72

-to manage to move past somebody/Something

Question 73

lame /leɪm/

Answer 73

adj. -def3. [usually before noun] done without much effort in a way that seems as though you are not trying very hard - def3. (informal) not interesting, exciting, or fashionable

Question 74

regulation /ˌreɡjəˈleɪʃ(ə)n/

Answer 74

n. def2. [uncountable] control of an activity, process, or industry by official rules

Question 75

defend /dɪˈfend/

Answer 75

v. def1. [transitive] to protect someone or something from attack

Question 76

put on weight

Answer 76

*살찌다. 체중이 늘다.

Question 77

shine /ʃaɪn/

Answer 77

v. -def5. [intransitive] to show that you have a lot of skill when you do something - def4. [intransitive] to be very good at something

Question 78

realm /relm/

Answer 78

n. [countable] def1. formal a particular area of knowledge, experience, interest, etc.

Question 79

organized /ˈɔrɡəˌnaɪzd/

Answer 79

adj. def2. an organized person arranges and plans activities carefully and effectively

Question 80

period /ˈpɪriəd/

Answer 80

n. [countable] def2-a. Spoken used for emphasis to show that there is no more to be said about something

Question 81

revert to something /rɪˈvɜrt/

Answer 81

phrasal verb [transitive] (formal) def1. to return to a former state; to start doing something again that you used to do in the past

Question 82

universally /ˌyunəˈvərsəli/ 

Answer 82

adv. def2. everywhere or in every situation