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MOAs Flashcards

(59 cards)

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1
Q

Tegaserod

A

Serotonin Agonist (Tx of IBS)

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2
Q

Scopalamine

A

anti-cholinergic (used to decrease salivation)

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3
Q

-prazoles

A

IRREVERSIBLE H/K ATPase inhibitor

  • abs in SI (enteric coating get it past stomach)
  • lipid soluble so it travels to stomach and diffuses into canalculi
  • gets ionized in canalculi and is trapped there (where H+ pumps are found)
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4
Q

Bismuth

A

chelates proteins at base of ulcer to protect them from pepsin and acid = forms protective layer

  • -also increase Bicarb and mucous secretions
  • -BACTERIOSTATIC to H. pylori

Also used to treat diarrhea, it abs bacteria/toxins/viruses = protective against travelers diarrhea

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5
Q

Clarithromycin

A

Macroline = 50s inhib

H.pylori eradication

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6
Q

Cevimeline

A

M3&raquo_space;> M1 agonist (used to increase salivation)

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7
Q

Metoclopramide

A

D2 antagonist = accelerates gastric emptying!! (inc motility)
and
5-HT4 agonist = increased PSNS tone

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8
Q

amoxcicillin

A

B lactam **resistant to B lactamases = good for gram - bacterial infection (H. pylori)

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9
Q

Sulfasalazine

A

5-ASA derivative that decreases inflammation locally

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10
Q

Pilocarpine

A 
Muscarininc agonist (all M receptors)
--used to increase salivation
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11
Q

Sucralfate

A
  • *requires acidic pH** to form a protective gel over ulcer

* do not need to alkylate in order to protect = decreased chance of bacterial overgrowth

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12
Q

Metronidazole

A

taken up by bacteria, protozoans, and ameobas and then reduced to ferrodoxin –> nitro intermediates –> thiolinkages on cysteine bearing enzymes
–> in bacteria, will also disrupt DNA

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13
Q

Methylprednisolone

A

GCS used to dec inflammation in IBD

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14
Q

Laculose

A

fecal acidifier = laculose is broken down by bacteria in gut into organic acids. the decreased pH in the colon prevents the diffusion of NH3 into the blood stream. therefore this is a treatment for Hepatic encephalopahy

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15
Q

Gemcitabine

A

DNA pol inhibitor

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16
Q

oral TKIs

A

Imatinib
sunitinib
soratinib

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17
Q

Mitomycin

A

mono or bi alkylating agent

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18
Q

Neomycin

A

antimicrobial given as an enema to decrease the colonic bacteria = dec NH3 formed = treatment for hepatic encephalopathy

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19
Q

cyclin dept kinase inhibitor

A

trastuzumab

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20
Q

Cisplatin

A

DNA crosslinks

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21
Q

erlotinib

A

EGFR TKI

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22
Q

imatinib

A

oral KIT TKI

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23
Q

Fidaxomicin

A

macrolide = 50s inhibitor of bac RNA pol

  • *minimal systemization
    • tx of C diff
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24
Q

upper or lower GI route of fecal transplant better

25
Metamucil
hydrophillic mucolipid (fiber) that forms a large gelatinous mass when mixes with water --> more formed stools *treatment for constipation and diarrhea
26
Docusate Sodium [Colace]
anionic surfactant that allows for more water and fat to be incorporated into stools = stool softener
27
Biscodyl [Ducolax]
PRODRUG CONVERTED BY ENTERIC BACTERIA stimulant laxative that activates myenteric plexus --> contractions also causes tight junctions to become more leaky (NaCl and water into lumen)
28
Lubiprostone
stimualtes Cl- channel directly to increase Cl- efflux into lumen --> H2O follows **used in Tx of IBS-D
29
castor oil
anionic surfactant that allows for more water and fat to be incorporated into stools = stool softener also cathartic and causes complete evacuation of the intestines
30
Loperamide [Imodium]
opiate receptor agonist that increases gut transit time (inhibiti Ach) allows more time for things to get abs by gut
31
Cascara
stimulant laxatives, with the glycosides stimulating peristalsis, and emodin exciting smooth muscle cells in the large intestine.
32
Senna
Stimulant laxitive, glycosides increase gastric fluid secretion and bowel motility (stimulate peristalsis) --activate myenteric plexus and increase permeability
33
Scopalamine
anti-cholinergic = blocks M1 and vagal simulation of CN 8 (vestibular N) = motion sickness patch preparation that is put on behind the ear 1 hr before getting on boat (or whatever) --only effective if started before!!
34
Chlorpromazine
centrally acting D2 and muscarinit receptor antagonists for the treatment of N/V
35
Granisetron
peripherally acting 5-HT3 antagonist (in stomach and small intestine) = blocks vagal afferents going to chemoreceptor trigger zone/area postrema
36
Cyclizine
H1 antihistamine = vagal and vestibular blockers for the treatment of motion sickness
37
used to treat intractable hiccough
chlorpromazine
38
aprepitant
central substance P/neurokinin 1 receptor antagonist
39
Droperidol
centrally acting D2 blocker
40
Meclizine
H1 anti-histamine = used to tret vertigo | **depresses hyperstimulation of the labyrinth
41
used to treat post-opertave N/V
Droperidol
42
given prior to chemo
lorazepam
43
Dolesetron
peripherally acting 5-HT3 antagonist (in stomach and small intestine) = blocks vagal afferents going to chemoreceptor trigger zone/area postrema **longest half life!!!
44
HBV treatment drugs HCV drugs
B: lamivudine, adefovir, tenofovir, entacavir, emtricitabine C: ribavarin, telprevir, boceprevir
45
Emtricitabine
triphosphate cytosine analog that inhibits viral RNA pol
46
Entacavir
d-cyclopentane and guanosine analog that inhibits viral RNA pol
47
Lamivudine
L-nuceloside and cytosine analog that inhibis viral RNA po
48
Adefovir
acyclic diphosphate adenoside analog that inhibits viral reverse transcriptase and causes chain termination
49
Tenofovir
acyclic diphosphate adenoside analog that inhbits viral RNA pol and causes chain termination
50
Used to treat HIV and HBV co infection
emticitabine > tenofovir
51
transient thryroid disturbance (hashimotos and graves)
interferons
52
ribavarin
1. increases CTLs 2. inhibits RdRP 3. depletes GTP pool (via inhib IMPDH) 4. mutates RNA (as virus replicates)
53
teleprevir
inhibits NS3/4 serine protease needed to cleave precursor peptide strand into functional polypeptide **high resistance and must be used with ribavarin
54
boceprevir
inhibits NS3/4 serine protease needed to cleave precursor peptide strand into functional polypeptide **high resistance and must be used with ribavarin
55
Ciprofloxacin
inhibits DNA gyrase and topoisomerases
56
Chlorpheniramine
H1 antagonist and SSRI (anti-emetic?)
57
Donepezil
Ach E inhibitor
58
Methylnaltrexone
μ-opioid antagonists **speed up gut motility = constipation Tx?
59
Naloxone
Opiate Antagonist *speed up gut motility = constipation Tx?

GI Pharm (3 decks)

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