Mobile Cloud Computing - I

Question 1

What is Cloud Computing?

Answer 1

Cloud computing is the delivery of computing services, including storage, servers, databases, networking, software, over the internet to offer faster innovation, flexible resources, and economies of scale.

Question 2

What is Mobile Backend-as-a-Service (MBaaS)?

Answer 2

MBaaS provides mobile application developers with cloud-based tools to connect their applications to backend storage and processing, abstracting away infrastructure management.

Question 3

How does Mobile Cloud Computing (MCC) extend battery life?

Answer 3

MCC offloads resource-intensive tasks to cloud servers, reducing energy consumption on mobile devices and extending battery life.

Question 4

What are the key features of Mobile Cloud Computing (MCC)?

Answer 4

Key features of MCC include quick app development, reduced device resource usage, support for various devices, API-based connections, and improved reliability through cloud backup.

Question 5

What is dynamic runtime offloading in MCC?

Answer 5

Dynamic runtime offloading involves tasks like profiling, runtime partitioning, component migration, and synchronization to optimize resource usage in MCC.

Question 6

What are the key components in MCC?

Answer 6

The key components include the Profiler (monitors app execution), Solver (selects mobile/cloud execution), and Synchronizer (collects and combines results).

Question 7

What are the key requirements for MCC?

Answer 7

MCC requires simple APIs, web interfaces, and internet access to remotely stored applications in the cloud.

Question 8

What are the advantages of MCC in terms of battery life and data storage?

Answer 8

MCC extends battery life by offloading computations to the cloud and improves data storage capacity by storing data in the cloud.

Question 9

What are the advantages of MCC in terms of reliability and scalability?

Answer 9

MCC improves reliability by keeping data in the cloud, and it is scalable to serve a large number of users and applications.

Question 10

: What are the security challenges in MCC?

Answer 10

MCC faces security challenges related to user privacy, data confidentiality, and protection from malicious code.

Question 11

What is the “MuSIC” framework in mobile cloud computing?

Answer 11

The Location-Time Workflow combines the mobile application workflow with a user’s trajectory to model mobile user behavior and service requests over time.

Question 12

What is the “MuSIC” framework in mobile cloud computing?

Answer 12

MuSIC is a framework for mobility-aware optimal service allocation in MCC, considering user mobility patterns and QoS goals.

Question 13

What are the components related to mobile application modeling in MCC?

Answer 13

The components include the Mobile User Log DB, QoS-Aware Service DB, MAPCloud Analytic module, and Admission Control and Scheduling module.

Question 14

What is Code Offloading in MCC?

Answer 14

Code offloading in MCC involves migrating computation from mobile devices to the cloud to save energy and improve performance.

Question 15

What are the challenges in MCC related to mobile communication?

Answer 15

Challenges include low bandwidth, service availability, and handling heterogeneous wireless networks.

Question 16

What is the Cloudlet in MCC and when is it beneficial to offload?

Answer 16

Cloudlets are intermediary servers closer to mobile devices. Offloading is beneficial when computation (C) is large compared to communication (D) and the server is significantly faster (F).

Question 17

How do you evaluate MCC performance, and what are the key considerations?

Answer 17

MCC performance is evaluated based on energy consumption, time to completion, monetary cost, and security. These metrics ensure efficient operation.

Question 18

What are the open questions in MCC design and optimization?

Answer 18

Open questions include designing a practical MCC framework, scalable partitioning algorithms, and identifying relevant parameters for system design.

Question 19

What are some applications of Mobile Cloud Computing (MCC)?

Answer 19

MCC has applications in assistive technologies for the visually and hearing impaired, mobile learning (m-learning), and collaborative learning environments.

Question 20

What is the goal of the Location-Time Workflow (LTW) in mobile application modeling?

Answer 20

The LTW combines mobile application workflows and user trajectories to model mobile user behavior and requested services as a function of location and time.

Question 21

What is the key role of the MAPCloud Analytic module in MCC?

Answer 21

The MAPCloud Analytic module processes user data logs to update the QoS-aware cloud service database based on user experiences and LTW.

Question 22

How do admission control and scheduling modules optimize service allocation in MCC?

Answer 22

These modules optimally allocate services to admitted mobile users, considering mobility patterns and QoS requirements, to meet user needs effectively.

Question 23

Fog Computing

Answer 23

Fog Computing

Question 24

What is Fog Computing?

Answer 24

Fog Computing is a paradigm that extends Cloud and its services to the edge of the network, providing data, compute, storage, and application services to end-users.

Question 25

What are the enablers of Fog Computing?

Answer 25

Enablers of Fog Computing include virtualization, containers, Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA), and Software Defined Networking (SDN).

Question 26

How is Fog Computing different from Cloud Computing?

Answer 26

Fog Computing is different from Cloud Computing because it focuses on proximity to end-users, offers low latency, location awareness, and is ideal for real-time applications.

Question 27

What are the advantages of Fog Computing?

Answer 27

Advantages of Fog Computing include proximity to end-users, dense geographical distribution, support for mobility, low latency, and improved quality-of-service for real-time applications.

Question 28

What are the security issues in Fog Computing?

Answer 28

Security issues in Fog Computing include authentication at different gateway levels, Man-in-the-Middle attacks, and privacy concerns.

Question 29

What is the motivation behind Fog Computing?

Answer 29

Fog Computing was motivated by the need to bring intelligence closer to end-users, provide low latency, location awareness, and improve the quality of services, especially for real-time applications.

Question 30

What are some use-cases of Fog Computing?

Answer 30

Use-cases of Fog Computing include applications in Smart Grids, Smart Traffic Lights, Wireless Sensors, Internet of Things (IoT), and Software Defined Networks.

Question 31

What are the challenges in Fog Computing?

Answer 31

Challenges in Fog Computing include resource allocation among applications, resource management, and security of applications, services, and data.

Question 32

What is meant by resource management in a Fog network?

Answer 32

Resource management in a Fog network involves the efficient utilization of idle fog nodes, handling load balancing, meeting real-time application latency requirements, and providing crash fault-tolerance.

Question 33

What are some challenges in resource management in Fog Computing?

Answer 33

Challenges in resource management include data availability at executing nodes, responsiveness under heavy workloads, execution migration, state migration, and ensuring data security and integrity for individual applications.

Question 34

What are some approaches to resource management in Fog Computing?

Answer 34

Approaches to resource management include execution migration to the nearest node, minimizing carbon footprint, resource prediction, pricing, and resource estimation, and resource management based on relinquish probability, service price, service type, and variance.

Question 35

What are the components of a GIS?

Answer 35

Components of a GIS include computer hardware, software, data management and analysis procedures, spatial data, and the people needed to operate the GIS.

Question 36

What is the geographic information system (GIS)?

Answer 36

A Geographic Information System (GIS) is a computer system for capturing, storing, querying, analyzing, and displaying geospatial data.

Question 37

What are the challenges in Geospatial Information Systems (GIS)?

Answer 37

Challenges in GIS include being data-intensive, computation-intensive, varying loads on the GIS server, a need for high reliability and performance, and the use of network-intensive web services.

Question 38

What is the heterogeneity issue in GIS?

Answer 38

The heterogeneity issue in GIS is when GIS layers are developed by diverse departments using different software and information systems, making it difficult to share data and applications across the enterprise. This involves making data descriptions homogeneous, using standard encoding for data, and creating standard mechanisms for data sharing.

Question 39

What is a Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI)?

Answer 39

A Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI) provides a basis for spatial data discovery, evaluation, and application for users and providers within all levels of government, the commercial sector, non-profit sector, academia, and by citizens in general.

Question 40

What is the need for Geospatial Cloud?

Answer 40

The need for Geospatial Cloud arises from the huge volume of data and metadata, the need for services and service orchestration, evolving standards and policies, and the desire to share spatial data efficiently.

Question 41

What are some benefits of Geospatial Cloud?

Answer 41

Benefits of Geospatial Cloud include shared resource pooling, choice of deployment, service, and business models, managed services to prevent data and work loss, improved data sharing and spatial data integration, and ease of acquiring web service space at a nominal cost.

Question 42

Why is the issue of heterogeneity important in Geospatial Cloud?

Answer 42

The issue of heterogeneity is important in Geospatial Cloud because it allows organizations to share spatial data effectively. By making data descriptions homogeneous and standardizing data encoding and sharing mechanisms, it becomes easier to integrate databases, merge disparate systems, and exchange information both internally and externally.

Question 43

What are some challenges in Geographic Information Systems (GIS)?

Answer 43

Challenges in GIS include being data-intensive, computation-intensive, varying loads on the GIS server, a need for high reliability and performance, and the use of network-intensive web services.