Mock Exam Flashcards
(100 cards)
1
Q
What was the date the Chemical Hygiene Plan supposed to be in place
A
January 31 1991
2
Q
Prior to the Lab Standard laboratories were subject to what federal right-to-know regulation?
A
29 CFR 1910-1200 (Hazcom standard)
https://www.osha.gov/laws-regs/regulations/standardnumber/1910/1910.1200
3
Q
According to Hazcom Standard 29 CFR 1910-1200 what information must appear on the label of a shipped hazardous material
A
Product Identifier, Signal Word, Hazard Statement(s), Pictograms, Precaution Statements, Name, address, and telephone number of the chemical Manufacturer
4
Q
According to Hazcom Standard 29 CFR 1910-1200 what information must appear on the label of a lab labeled hazardous material?
A
Product identifier and words, pictures, symbols, or combination thereof, which provide at least general information regarding the hazards of the chemicals,
and which, in conjunction with the other information immediately available to employees under the hazard communication program, will provide employees with the specific information regarding the physical and health hazards of the hazardous chemical.
5
Q
Why was the laboratory standard proposed?
A
The Assistant Secretary of Labor decided it was needed
6
Q
Is a Quality Control Laboratory Covered by the lab Standard?
A
No
7
Q
Is an Industrial Laboratory Covered by the Lab Standard?
A
Yes
8
Q
Is a Medial Laboratory Covered by the Lab Standard?
A
Yes
9
Q
The decision on what laboratories are covered is based on what two definitions?
A
Laboratory use and laboratory scale
10
Q
The key terminology for regulated chemicals in the standard is?
A
Hazardous Chemical (Not Toxic and not substance)
11
Q
Most similar OSHA regulations use the term “regulated area” to describe a specific location where operations that are controlled., but the lag standard used the term “designated area”. Why? (“Designate area” means a location where carcinogens are used)
A
OSHA wanted to make it less restrictive
12
Q
In the lab standard, the definition of laboratory scale is?
A
the use of chemicals in quantities small enough that they are easily manipulated by one person
though they can be manipulated with mechanical assistance just not due to quantity e.g. robotic arms in a controlled environment.
13
Q
In addition to the Hazcom standard (29 CFR 1910-1200), what OSHA regulation did the lab standard generally replace as it applies to laboratories
A
1910 Subpart Z: Toxic and Hazardous Substances
https://www.osha.gov/laws-regs/regulations/standardnumber/1910/1910SubpartZ
14
Q
Toxic laboratory wastewater are primarily regulate at the federal level by
A
NPDES (the National Pollution Discharge Elimination System, established by the Clean Water Act, set discharge limits for toxic wastewater. The Resource Conservation and Recover Act (RCRA) exempts toxic laboratory wastewaters.
15
Q
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act CERCLA (aka Superfund) allows monthly discharges of toxic substances to go unreported below what levels (unless amended by Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act (SARA)
A
15 Kg, Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act CERCLA requires notification to local and state emergency response agencies above the exempt level.
16
Q
Which of the following information must be included on a hazardous material shipping paper?
A
EPA number, if the material is a hazardous waste
17
Q
Where can the hazardous materials table be found
A
49 CFR 172.101 Hazardous Materials Table
https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/subtitle-B/chapter-I/subchapter-C/part-172/subpart-B
18
Q
NRC (Nuclear Regulatory Commission) regulations are found in:
A
NRC Regulations Title 10, Code of Federal Regulations
https://www.nrc.gov/reading-rm/doc-collections/cfr/index.html
19
Q
The use of pesticides is regulated by
A
FIFRA: Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act
https://www.epa.gov/enforcement/federal-insecticide-fungicide-and-rodenticide-act-fifra-and-federal-facilities
20
Q
Training of Laboratory workers is required by
A
US DOT (yes, U.S. Department of Transportation) as well as CalOSHA I assume
21
Q
Who are not covered by the lab standard routinely
A
Students
22
Q
Who has the ultimate responsibility for the implementation of the standard?
A
Chief Executive Officer (not CHO)
23
Q
What is a “State Plan State” like California
A
A State that has its own equivalent regulation to protect state and municipal employees which have been approved by OSHA.
24
Q
An Insidious hazard is one which
A
Is not obivous
25
The label elements under GHS are
Pictogram, Hazard & precautionary Statements, signal word
(not "hazard class" or "hazard diamond" or "hazard warning")
26
Which is not an example of incompatibility
a) Mineral acids and metal shelves,
b) Isocyanate and sodium hydroxide
c) Acids and bases
d) Picric acid and water
d) Picric acid and water (water makes it less dangerous)
not mineral acids and metal shelves, isocyanate and sodium hydroxide and acids or bases
27
What is a truck carrying if it displays a "Dangerous" placard
Multiple hazard classes requiring placarding
It can not be used if any hazard class is above 2268 kg (5,000 lbs)
28
When does the lab standard require medical consultation and examination?
When an employee develops signs or symptoms of exposure to a chemical used in the lab.
When monitoring reveals an exposure level exceeds an OSHA PEL
When there is an event likely resulting in hazardous exposure
29
What constitutes an emergency according to the lab standard
Uncontrolled release of hazardous chemicals into the workplace
Emergency means any occurrence such as, but not limited to, equipment failure, rupture of containers or failure of control equipment which results in an uncontrolled release of a hazardous chemical into the workplace.
30
What specific rules govern the maintenance of employee medical records
29 CFR 1910.1020 - Access to employee exposure and medical records.
https://www.osha.gov/laws-regs/regulations/standardnumber/1910/1910.1020
31
How frequently does the CHP need to be reviewed and updated?
The CHP is the foundation of the laboratory safety program and must be reviewed and updated, as needed, and at least on an annual basis to reflect changes in policies and personnel.
32
Static electricity from clothing is known to initiate detonation of sensitive explosives and flammable gas mixture when exposed to higher or lower humidities
Low humidities can produce dangerous voltages on the body even with cotton
Occupational safety management and engineering Book by Willie Hammer
33
The OSHA General Duty Clause:
Requires employers to provide a safe workplace
"employment and a place of employment which are free from recognized hazards that are causing or are likely to cause death or serious physical harm to his employees..."
https://www.osha.gov/laws-regs/oshact/section5-duties
34
OSHA Substances specific standards exist for which of the following compounds
a) Formaldehyde
b) Cadmium
c) Vinyl Chloride
d) Methylene Chloride
e) Benzene
f) all the above
f) all the above and:
Asbestos. 1910.1001
Coal tar pitch volatiles 1910.1002
alpha-Naphthylamine. 1910.1004
Methyl chloromethyl ether. 1910.1006
3,'-Dichlorobenzidine (and its salts).1910.1007
bis-Chloromethyl ether. 1910.1008
beta-Naphthylamine. 1910.1009
Benzidine. 1910.101
4-Aminodiphenyl. 1910.1011
Ethyleneimine. 1910.1012
beta-Propiolactone. 1910.1013
2-Acetylaminofluorene. 1910.1014
4-Dimethylaminoazobenzene.1910.1015
N-Nitrosodimethylamine. 1910.1016
Vinyl chloride. 1910.1017
Inorganic arsenic. 1910.1018
Beryllium. 1910.1024
Lead. 1910.1025
Chromium (VI). 1910.1026
Cadmium. 1910.1027
Benzene. 1910.1028
Coke oven emissions. 1910.1029
Bloodborne pathogens. 1910.103
1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane.1910.1044
Acrylonitrile. 1910.1045
Ethylene oxide. 1910.1047
Formaldehyde. 1910.1048
Methylenedianiline. 1910.105
1,3-Butadiene. 1910.1051
Methylene Chloride. 1910.1052
Respirable crystalline silica. 1910.1053
13 "Listed Carcinogens" (4-Nitrobiphenyl, etc.).1910.1003
4-Nitrobiphenyl, CAS No. 92933;
alpha-Naphthylamine, CAS No. 134327;
methyl chloromethyl ether, CAS No. 107302;
3,3'-Dichlorobenzidine (and its salts) CAS No. 91941;
bis-Chloromethyl ether, CAS No. 542881;
beta-Naphthylamine, CAS No. 91598;
Benzidine, CAS No. 92875;
4-Aminodiphenyl, CAS No. 92671;
Ethyleneimine, CAS No. 151564;
beta-Propiolactone, CAS No. 57578;
2-Acetylaminofluorene, CAS No. 53963;
4-Dimethylaminoazo-benzene, CAS No. 60117; and
N-Nitrosodimethylamine, CAS No. 62759.
35
A laboratory facility must comply with the Bloodborne Pathogen Standard if:
a) Employees are likely to required first aid occasionally
b) Human tissue is processed
c) Employees are expected to provide first aid as part of their job functions
d) There is a first-aid station
c) Employees are expected to provide first aid as part of their job functions
Occupational exposure means reasonably anticipated... contact with blood or other potentially infectious materials that may result from the performance of an employee's duties
36
What section of an SDS would you find the pH of a product
Section 9: Physical and Chemical Properties
https://www.osha.gov/sites/default/files/publications/OsHA3514.pdf
37
Refresher training to comply with the laboratory standard should be performed
a) Whenever the employer decides
b) Annually
c) Semi-annually
d) AS part of regular, routing safety meetings
a) Whenever the employer decides.
Refresher training frequency should be specified in the CHP and always documented. The frequency of refresher information and training should be determined by the employer.
https://www.osha.gov/laws-regs/regulations/standardnumber/1910/1910.1450AppA
38
If the composition of a new chemical produced exclusively for a laboratory's use is known then:
a) It should be considered hazardous until medical data concludes it is safe
b) A record search of appropriate data should be made
c) the employer should determine if it is hazardous
d) It can be considered non-hazardous until determined otherwise
a and c
a) It should be considered hazardous until medical data concludes it is safe
c) the employer should determine if it is hazardous
39
The rainbow passage is known for
Fit test:
(5) Talking. The subject shall talk out loud slowly and loud enough so as to be heard clearly by the test conductor. The subject can read from a prepared text such as the Rainbow Passage, count backward from 100, or recite a memorized poem or song.
https://www.osha.gov/laws-regs/regulations/standardnumber/1910/1910.134AppA
40
The employer must determine if exposure to regulated hazardous chemicals is above regulated levels for which chemicals?
for those chemicals in subpart Z for which there is a standard which requires monitoring
41
Questions1. Which of the following is the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Laboratory Standard?
A.29 CFR §1910.1200
B.29 CFR § 1910.1450
C.29 CFR § 1910.95
D.29 CFR §1910.106
B 29 CFR § 1910.1450 (Occupational Exposure to Hazardous Chemicals in Laboratories aka Laboratory Standard)
29 CFR §1910.1200 (HazCom)
29 CFR § 1910.95 (Occupational noise exposure)
29 CFR §1910.106 (flammable liquids)
42
2. Who has the primary responsibility for a safe laboratory environment?
A.CHO
B.PI
C.Chancellor
D.Lab Worker
D.Lab Worker
(Ensuring a safe laboratory environment is the combined responsibility of laboratory personnel, EHS personnel, and the management of an organization, though the primary responsibility lies with the individual performing the work.)
43
To help prevent a fire or limit the effect of a fire, which of the following does NOT need to be in place according to Prudent Practices?
A.Appropriate types and number of fire extinguishers and individuals trained to use them
B.Sprinkler systems or other automatic extinguishing systems for sensitive areas or equipment
C.Fire-safe storage of data and mission-critical samples
D.Good chemical storage practices
E.Fire alarm pull station
A-D need to be in place
A.appropriate types and number of fire extinguishers and individuals trained to use them,
B.sprinkler systems or other automatic extinguishing systems for sensitive areas or equipment,
C.fire-safe storage of data and mission-critical samples
D.good chemical storage practices.
E.Fire alarm pull station (not the right answer; p. 43, 3.J.2.1)
44
4. What is NOT a good way to prepare for the disruption of the delivery of goods and services?
A.Prepare a list of alternative vendors and service providers in the event that the primary vendor is unavailable. Add them to the vendor list for centralized purchasing or have a contract on hand if necessary
B.Ensure that primary vendors have up-to-date business continuity plans
C.Keep stockpile chemicals so you can maintain operations
D.Ensure that the institution or laboratory is a priority for your primary vendors and service providers
C don't stockpile chemicals
45
5. (T/F) On a loss of power, electronic door locks fail open so people can escape in an emergency.
False; p. 40; 3.G.2.1
For laboratories with specialized security systems, such as card readers or electronic locks, know if the locks are locked or unlocked in the event of power failure. Develop a backup plan for laboratory security in the absence of such systems.
46
6. What is the correct order of the 4 phases of emergency planning?
A.Response, Recovery, Preparedness and Mitigation
B.Preparedness, Mitigation, Response and Recovery
C.Mitigation, Preparedness, Response and Recovery
D.Response, Preparedness, Mitigation and Recovery
C Mitigation, Preparedness, Response and Recovery
The mitigation phase includes efforts to minimize the likelihood that an incident will occur and to limit the effects of an incident that does occur. Mitigation efforts may be procedural, such as the safe storage of materials, or physical, such as a sprinkler system.
The preparedness phase is the process of developing plans for managing an emergency and taking action to ensure that the laboratory is ready to handle an emergency. This phase might include ensuring that adequate supplies are available, training personnel, and preparing a communication plan.
The response phase involves efforts to manage the emergency as it occurs and may include outside responders as well as laboratory staff. The response is more effective and efficient when those involved in it understand their roles, have the training to perform their duties and have the supplies they need on hand.
The recovery phase encompasses the actions taken to restore the laboratory and affected areas to a point where the functions of the laboratory can be carried out safely. Usually, these actions restore the laboratory to its previous condition; however, this stage provides an opportunity for improvement.
47
When you go to the medical emergency room, bring a copy of your lab SOP with you T/F.
(F) bring the SDS, not SOP.
48
Prudent practices considers a large spill is anything over:
A.1 gal
B.1 L
C.1 pt
D.4L
D.4L (correct answer; p. 28; 2.F.3)
49
Wrapping a fire blanket around a person on fire can result in a chimney-like effect that intensifies, rather than extinguishes the fire. T/F?
T; P.28; 2.F.2 #5
50
What kind of refrigerators can be used to store flammable chemicals?
E.explosion-proof refrigerator
B.flammable storage refrigerator
C.any refrigerator
D.1 & 2 above
Only laboratory-grade explosion-proof refrigerators and freezers should be used to store properly sealed and labeled chemicals that require cool storage in the laboratory. P. 21; 2.D.2
51
What does NOT need to be on every chemical container?
A.chemical name
B.hazard warnings
C.name of manufacturer
D name of researcher in charge
E.pictogram of the hazard
F.date of transfer to the vessel
E.pictogram of the hazard
52
(T/F) The lab standard says it’s OK to work alone in a lab as long as you have a “call buddy” that checks up on your periodically.
The OSHA Laboratory Standard states “Avoid working alone in a building; do not work alone in a laboratory if the procedures being conducted are hazardous.” p. 17; 2.C.2
53
13. What is the definition of a hazardous chemical according to the Laboratory Standard?
A.Any chemical which is classified as a health hazard or simple asphyxiant
B.Any chemical which is classified as flammable, reactive, corrosive, or toxic
C.Any chemical which is classified with a GHS hazard code
D.Any chemical which is classified with a GHS warning statement
A.Any chemical which is classified as health hazard or simple asphyxiant
“Any chemical which is classified as health hazard or simple asphyxiant in accordance with the Hazard Communication Standard (§1910.1200”); https://www.osha.gov/laws-regs/regulations/standardnumber/1910/1910.1450)
54
What is the difference between hazard and risk?
Hazard is danger intrinsic to a substance or operation, and risk is the probability of injury p. 2; footnote #2)
55
When was the ADA act adopted?
A.1970
B.1980
C.1990
D.2000
C.1990 (correct answer; amended in 2008; p. 6; 1.F.4)
56
What is the order of the EHS management system?
A.Planning, EHS Policy, Implementation, Performance Measurement/Audits/Change Management, and Management Review.
B.EHS Policy, Planning, Implementation, Management Review, and Performance Measurement/Audits/Change Management.
C EHS Policy, Planning, Implementation, Performance Measurement/Audits/Change Management, and Management Review
EHS Policy, Planning, Implementation, Performance Measurement/Audits/Change Management, and Management Review.p.11; figure 2.1
57
Headspace in the liquid waste container should be at least:
A.0.5”
B1”
C.2”
D.3”
C.2” ( p.23; 2.D.6)
58
Paracelsus is famous for his quote, “What is it that is not poison? All things are poison and nothing is without poison. It is the ______ alone that makes a thing not a poison”
Dose
59
What kind of animals are allowed in the laboratory? Circle all that are allowed.
A.Service animals
B.Pets
C.Support animals
D.Vermin
A.Service animals (only correct answer; p. 16; 2.C.1)
60
Which of the following is NOT a duty of a CHO in an academic institution?
A.Monitor procurement, use, storage, and disposal of chemicals
B.Meet with lab supervisors to discuss cited violations and to ensure timely actions
C.Maintain inspection, personnel training, and inventory records
D.Notify employees of the availability of medical attention
(B is the answer; p. 16; Box 2.1)
Meet with lab supervisors to discuss cited violations and to ensure timely actions is a responsibility of the Chair/Director
61
Hazardous Waste: Characteristic Wastes
Ignitability - liquid flashpoint <140F or solid readily sustains combustion
Corrosivity - Liquid with PH <2 or >12.5
Reactivity - reacts violently with air or water or forms toxic gasses
Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP)
62
Hazardous Waste: Listed Wastes
Hazardous Waste from nonspecific sources (F list) 40 CFR section 261.31
Hazardous Waste from specific sources (K list) 40 CFR section 261.32
Discarded commercial products acute toxicity (P lists) 40 CFR section 261.33
Hazardous wastes from discarded commercial chemical products (U list) 40 CFR section 261.33
63
Hazardous Waste Definitions
Characteristic Wastes
Listed Wastes
"Inherently Waste-like"
64
Waste Generator: Conditionally Exempt
<100 kg/mo (<1kg acutely)
Unless >1000kg stored for 180 days
65
Waste Generator: Small
100-1000 kg/mo (<1 kg acutely)
up to 6000 kg store for 180 days (exemptions)
66
Waste Generator: Large
> 1000kg/mo
Stored for 90 days or permit
67
What is NPDES (National Pollution Discharge Elimination System)?
The permitting program mandated by the Clean Water Act designed to eliminate the discharge of industrial wastes to bodies of water. It sets effluent limits on a variety of toxic pollutants.
68
How long do exposure records have to be kept?
30 years plus the term of employment
69
What is an exception to GHS labeling requirements?
Temporary use containers under control of one person
70
What is the SWDA Safe Water Drinking Act
Primary and secondary standards for various contaminants, sets treatment standards, and provides mechanism for program designated to protect water sources. Requres compliance plans be sent to the EPA that meet or exceed federal standards for drinking water quality. 1974
71
What is the Resource Conservation and Recover Act (RCRA)
40 CFR Mandates cradle-to-grave management of hazardous waste. written in 1976 and reauthorized in 1984. Source of U, P K & F lists.
Requires generator to properly label, store, and document the accumulation of hazardous waste. also employee training, record keeping & documentation of all shipments
72
Eye and face protection is mandated where?
29 CRF 1910.132
ANSI Z 87.1 (1989R)
73
Definition of Flammable Liquids
1A Flash point below 73F and boiling point below 100F
1B Flash point below 73F and boiling point at or above 100F
1C Flash point at or above 73F but below 100F and boiling point at or above 100F
74
Department Chair/Director responsibilities in CHP
a) Assumes responsibility for personnel engaged in the laboratory use of hazardous chemicals.
b) Provides the chemical hygiene officer (CHO) with the support necessary to implement and maintain the CHP.
c) After receipt of laboratory inspection report from the CHO, meets with laboratory supervisors to discuss cited violations and to ensure timely actions to protect trained laboratory personnel and facilities and to ensure that the department remains in compliance with all applicable federal, state, university, local and departmental codes and regulations.
d) Provides budgetary arrangements to ensure the health and safety of the departmental personnel, visitors, and students
75
Departmental Safety Committee responsibilities in CHP
Review accident reports and make appropriate recommendations to the department chairperson regarding proposed changes in laboratory procedures.
76
Laboratory Supervisor or Principal Investigator responsibilities in CHP
Overall responsibility for chemical hygiene in the laboratory, including responsibility to:
a) Ensure that laboratory personnel comply with the CHP and do not operate equipment or handle hazardous chemicals without proper training and authorization.
b) Always wear personal protective equipment (PPE) that is compatible to the degree of hazard of the chemical.
c) Follow all pertinent safety rules when working in the laboratory to set an example.
d) Review laboratory procedures for potential safety problems before assigning to other laboratory personnel.
e) Ensure that visitors follow the laboratory rules and assumes responsibility for laboratory visitors.
d) Ensure that PPE is available and properly used by each laboratory employee and visitor.
e) Maintain and implement safe laboratory practices.
f) Provide regular, formal chemical hygiene and housekeeping inspections, including routine inspections of emergency equipment;
g) Monitor the facilities and the chemical fume hoods to ensure that they are maintained and function properly. Contact the appropriate person, as designated by the department chairperson, to report problems with the facilities or the chemical fume hoods.
77
Select Carcinogen Criteria
-It is regulated by OSHA as a carcinogen; or
-It is listed under Group 1 ("carcinogenic to humans") by the International Agency for Research on Cancer Monographs (IARC) (latest editions); or
-It is listed in either Group 2A or 2B by IARC or under the category,
-It is listed under the category, "known to be carcinogens," in the Annual Report on Carcinogens published by the National Toxicology Program (NTP) (latest edition)
https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/whatwestudy/assessments/cancer/roc/index.html
"reasonably anticipated to be carcinogens" by NTP, and causes statistically significant tumor incidence in experimental animals in accordance with any of the following criteria:
(A) After inhalation exposure of 6-7 hours per day, 5 days per week, for a significant portion of a lifetime to dosages of less than 10 mg/m(3);
(B) After repeated skin application of less than 300 (mg/kg of body weight) per week; or
(C) After oral dosages of less than 50 mg/kg of body weight per day.
--With regard to mixtures, OSHA requires that a mixture “shall be assumed to present a carcinogenic hazard if it contains a component in concentrations of 0.1% or greater, which is considered to be carcinogenic.”
78
What is a PEL
Permissible Exposure Limits PELs were issued shortly after adoption of the Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) Act in 1970, and have not been updated since that time. PELs are contained in the Z-Tables of 29 CFR 1910.1000
79
What is a TLV
Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) refer to airborne concentrations of chemical substances and represent conditions under which it is believed that nearly all workers may be repeatedly exposed, day after day, over a working lifetime, without adverse effects. These are set by ACGIH, a private, not-for-profit, nongovernmental corporation. It is not a standards setting body
-Threshold limit value-time-weighted-average: The maximum concentration to which a worker can be exposed every work day (8 hours) and experience no adverse health effects.
-Short-Term Exposure Limit, STEL or Threshold limit value-short-term exposure limit, TLV-STEL: The concentration which no person should be exposed to for more than 15 minutes during an 8-hour work day.
-Ceiling value, CV or Threshold limit value-ceiling, TLV-C: The concentration which no person should ever be exposed to.
80
What is a Hepatotoxin
Liver toxin e.g. halogenated solvents and drugs
81
What is a Nephrotoxin
Kidney Toxin e.g. Cd, Hg, Pb, ethylene glycol ox
82
What is a Hematolytic
Blood Toxin e.g Carbon Monoxide
83
What is a Pneumotoxin
Lungs/Respiratory system toxin e.g Acrolein, formaldehyde, isocyanates
84
What is a Teratogen
Something that can cause birth defects or abnormalities in a developing embryo or fetus upon exposure
85
Hierarchy of Chemical risk minimization
Removal
Substitution
Engineering Controls
Administrative Controls (SOPs)
PPE
86
What is a REL
A Recommended Exposure Level set by NIOSH
87
Class A Fire Extinguisher
What is it used for?
How can it be recognized?
Maximum travel distance to hazard
Used for: Fires in ordinary combustible materials, such as wood, cloth, paper, rubber, and many plastics.
Recognized by Green Triangle and the letter A
75 ft
88
Class B Fire Extinguisher
What is it used for?
How can it be recognized?
Maximum travel distance to hazard
Used for: Fires in flammable liquids, combustible liquids, petroleum greases, tars, oils, oil-based paints, solvents, lacquers, alcohols, and flammable gases.
Recognized by Red Square and the letter B
30 or 50 ft
(https://www.nfpa.org/News-and-Research/Publications-and-media/Blogs-Landing-Page/NFPA-Today/Blog-Posts/2021/04/30/Extinguisher-Placement-Guide)
89
Class C Fire Extinguisher
What is it used for?
How can it be recognized?
Maximum travel distance to hazard
Used for: Fires that involve energized electrical equipment.
Recognized by Blue Circle and the letter C
N/A (Since Fire Extinguishers are never only class C rater, follow the Class A or B rating)
90
Class D Fire Extinguisher
What is it used for?
How can it be recognized?
Maximum travel distance to hazard
Used for: Fires in combustible metals, such as magnesium, titanium, zirconium, sodium, lithium, and potassium.
Recognized by Black Star and the letter D
75 Ft
91
NFPA Diamond
Where and what color is the Flammable Hazard
What are the possible values
Flammability Hazard: red, top diamond or 12 o’clock
0 Will not burn,
1 Will burn at temps above 200F
2 Will burn at temps above 100F
3 Fire and explosion hazard at normal temperatures (below 100F)
4 Extremely dangerous fire and explosion hazard (below 73F)
92
NFPA Diamond
Where and what color is the Reactivity Hazard
What are the possible values
Instability Hazard: yellow, right diamond or 3 o’clock
0 Normally stable, even under fire conditions, and not reactive with water Example: helium
1 Normally stable, but can become unstable at elevated temperature or pressure Example: propene
2 Undergoes violent chemical change at elevated temperature or pressure, and reacts violently or may form explosive mixture with water Example: potassium
3 Capable of detonation or explosive decomposition but requires a strong initiating source, must be heated under confinement before initiation, reacts explosively with water or will detonate if severely shocked Example: hydrogen peroxide
4 Readily capable of detonation or explosive decomposition at normal temperatures and pressures
Example: trinitrotoluene (TNT)
93
NFPA Diamond
Where and what color is the Health Hazard
What are the possible values
Health Hazard blue, left diamond or 9 o’clock
0 Poses no health hazard, no precautions necessary
Example: peanut oil
1 Can cause significant irritation Example: turpentine
2 Can cause temporary incapacitation or residual injury Example: ammonia gas
3 Can cause serious or permanent injury Example: chlorine gas
4 Can be lethal Example: hydrogen cyanide
94
NFPA Diamond
Where and what color is the Health Hazard
What are the possible values
Special Hazards white, bottom diamond or 6 o’clock
OX – Oxidizer, allows chemicals to burn without an air supply (e.g., ammonium nitrate)
W – Reacts with water in an unusual or dangerous manner (e.g., sulfuric acid)
SA – Simple asphyxiant gas (e.g., neon). This is also used for liquified carbon dioxide vapor withdrawal systems and where large quantities of dry ice are used in confined areas
COR (corrosive)
ACID
ALK (alkaline)
BIO (biological)
POI (poisonous)
RA or RAD (radioactive)
CRY or CRYO (cryogenic)
95
GHS Signal Word
The GHS Signal Words are
Warning
Danger
96
GHS Pictograms (According to Hazcom)
Pictogram means a composition that may include a symbol plus other graphic elements, such as a border, background pattern, or color, that is intended to convey specific information about the hazards of a chemical. Eight pictograms are designated under this standard for application to a hazard category.
There are 9 pictograms but only 8 are required by Hazcom standard.
97
What is a Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapor Explosion (BLEVE)
The failure of a closed container as a result of over-pressurization caused by an external heat source.
A major failure of a closed liquid container into two or more pieces when the temperature of the liquid is well above its boiling point at normal atmospheric pressure.
https://www.nwcg.gov/term/glossary/boiling-liquid-expanding-vapor-explosion-bleve
98
The 1/22/13 update to Appendix A of the OSHA Lab Standard (29 CFR 1910.1450) contains changes on:
Prudent Practices was directly referenced and many things from in were included including responsibilities of various roles in lab safety.
GHS updates
Assist employers in developing an appropriate laboratory Chemical Hygiene Plan (CHP)
99
What is Appendix A of the OSHA Lab Standard (29 CFR 1910.1450)
Non-mandatory recommendations were based on the National Research Council's (NRC) 2011 edition of "Prudent Practices in the Laboratory
100
What is Appendix B of the OSHA Lab Standard (29 CFR 1910.1450)
Non-mandatory references are provided to assist the employer in the development of a Chemical Hygiene Plan
https://www.osha.gov/laws-regs/regulations/standardnumber/1910/1910.1450AppB
