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EMS exam > Mock Exam 3 flashcards > Flashcards

Mock Exam 3 flashcards

1
Q

Late sign of hypoxia

A

Confusion

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2
Q

How to measure a rigid top catheter

A

From the corner of the mouth to the earlobe or angle of the jaw

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3
Q

What to do when a patient begins gurgling or makes choking sounds

A

Roll the patient and suction oropharynx

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4
Q

How deep should you insert the suction device when suctioning the trasectomy tube

A

1-2 inches

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5
Q

Early signs of hypoxia

A

Irritability, tachycardia, restlessness

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6
Q

What is defined as a safe distance behind an emergency vehicle and the vehicle in front of it

A

Driving 4-5 seconds behind the vehicle in front of the emergency vehicle

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7
Q

What does stridor indicate

A

Hallmark sign of upper airway obstruction

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8
Q

What does wheezing suggest

A

Obstruction or narrowing of lower airways, occurs in asthma and bronchiolitis. Wheezing is heard at its highest upon exhalation

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9
Q

Placenta previa

A

a pregnancy complication in which the placenta covers the cervix. There may be moderate to severe bleeding, but placenta previa is painless.

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10
Q

abruptio placentae

A

the placenta separates from the uterus wall and causes moderate to severe bleeding. The condition is very painful.

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11
Q

Signs of heat exhaustion

A

Dry tongue, dizziness, cold, clammy skin

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12
Q

Mild lighting injuries

A

injuries include amnesia, confusion, tingling feeling throughout the body or at the injury site, possible loss of consciousness, and, if present, superficial burns

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13
Q

Moderate lightning injuries

A

include cardiac dysrhythmias, respiratory arrest, superficial burns, and possible seizures.

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14
Q

Severe lightning injuries

A

patient experiences cardiac arrest

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15
Q

Croup

A

Infection of the upper airway that becomes narrow and causes a barking cough sound. Seen in children age 2-6

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16
Q

Cause of cardiogenic shock

A

Acute myocardial infarction

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17
Q
A
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17
Q

What is considered the primary pacemaker of the heart

A

SA Node

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18
Q

Left-sided heart failure

A

The lungs become congested with fluid because the heart fails to pump blood effectively. Causes pulmonary edema, pink frothy sputum and severe dyspnea

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19
Q

Right-sided heart failure

A

blood backs up in the vena cava, resulting in edema in the lower extremeties

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20
Q

Rule of 9s

A

Each arm is 9% and the entire chest and abdomen is 18%. The forarm is 9%

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21
Q

Internal respiration

A

Exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the cells of the body and systemic circulation

22
Q

Three types of vesicant agents

A

sulfur mustard, lewisite, phosgene oxime

23
Q

Grunting

A

uh sound heard on exhalation in pediatrics
Indicates inadequate oxygenation such as in pneumonia

24
Q

What are the actions of the PNS

A

Bradycardia, slows the heart and respiratory rates)
Vasoconstriction: Constricts blood vessels in the muscles

25
Q

The consequences of acute myocardial infarction

A

Cardiogenic shock, sudden cardiac arrest, congestive heart failure

26
Q

Four common types of distributive shocks

A

Anaphylactic shock
Septic shock
Neurogenic shock
Psychogenic shock

27
Q

Distributive shock

A

Results when there is widespread dilation of the small arterioles, small venules or both

28
Q

Neurogenic shock

A

Neurogenic shock is a condition in which you have trouble keeping your heart rate, blood pressure and temperature stable because of damage to your nervous system after a spinal cord injury.

29
Q

Psychogenic shock

A

Emotional or other factors which cause a neurologic response that temporarily dilates the blood vessels

30
Q

Cardiogenic shock

A

caused by inadequate function of the heart, or pump failure.

31
Q

Hypovolemic shock

A

Results from an inadequate amount of fluid in the circulatory system.

32
Q

Epiglottis

A

lies superior to the larynx and helps separate the digestive system from the respiratory system

33
Q

Pneumonia

A

Infection of the lungs, that impairs its ability to exchange carbon dioxide and oxygen

Typical signs and symptoms of pneumonia are high fever, chills, dyspnea, productive cough, chest discomfort, rhonchi, and labored breathing.

34
Q

Sections of the Incident Command System

A

Finance, Operations, Logistics, Planning

35
Q

Three causes of obstructive shock

A

Cardiac tamponade, tension pneumothorax, pulmonary embolism

36
Q

Compensated shock signs and symptoms

A

Anxiety, weak rapid thready pulse, shallow, rapid breathing, nausea or vomiting, narrowing pulse pressure, restlessness

37
Q

Decompensated shock signs and symptoms

A

Falling blood pressure
Declining mental status
Labored or irregular breathing
Ashen, mottled, or cyanotic skin
Thready or absent peripheral pulses
Dull eyes, dilated pupils
Poor urinary output

38
Q

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

A

lung disease characterized by chronic obstruction of lung airflow that interferes with normal breathing and is not fully reversible.

Most common form is emphysema

39
Q

CHF

A

Characterized by breath, edema and weakness, have abdominal distention due to fluid buildup

40
Q

Normal breath rate for BVM ventilations

A

10 breaths/min because 1 every 6 seconds

41
Q

Cushing Triad signs

A

Hypertension, brady cardia, irregular respirations

42
Q

Tension pneumothorax

A

Causes by damage to the lung tissue, allows air normally held within the lungs to escape the chest cavity and it collapses causing pneumothorax

Diminished or decreased breath sounds are the first sign of tension pneumothorax

43
Q

Primary cause of Type 1 diabetes

A

Pancreas does not produce insulin

44
Q

Vagus nerve stimulation

A

Aggressive suctioning can stimulate the vagus nerve and cause bradycardia in infants and small children

45
Q

Cardiac tamponade symptoms

A

Beck’s Triad: Narrowing pulse pressure, muffled heart sounds and distended jugular veins

46
Q

FLail chest

A

Occurs when two or more ribs are fractured in two or more places.

Involves difficulty breathing and chest pain

47
Q

V/Q mismatch

A

Failure to match V/Q mismatch

Pulmonary edema, COPD, and Asthma lead to V/Q mismatch

48
Q

4 factors that must be proven to determine negligence

A

duty, breach of duty, damages, causation

49
Q

Signs of ventricular tachycardia

A

Chest pain, unresponsiveness, impalpable radial pulse

50
Q

What are all radio operations regulated by

A

Federal Communications Commision

51
Q

Atherosclerosis

A

The formation and buildup of plaque inside the walls of blood vessels puts patients at a higher risk for myocardial infarction and stroke.

52
Q

Primary function of plasma

A

Transports carbon dioxide

53
Q
A

EMS exam (6 decks)

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