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BDS4 past papers > Mock past papers > Flashcards

Mock past papers Flashcards

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1
Q

2 ways to drain a abscess

A

Incise and drain

Drain through periodontal pocket

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2
Q

What are 4 potential reasons for the debonding of a bridge clinically

A

Unfavourable occlusion

Insufficient coverage with adhesive wing for bonding

Poor enamel quality of abutments

Inadequate moisture control during cementation

Caries

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3
Q

Cite 4 methods of checking of bridge debonding clinically

A

Pressing on the pontic and looking for movement of adhesive wings

Pressing on the adhesive wings and looking for bubbling of saliva at the wing/tooth interface

Explore the margins with a probe looking for defects, and place probe under pontic and apply coronal pressure, looking for movement in adhesive wings

Try and pass floss underneath the adhesive wings

Radiograph

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4
Q

2 General and local factors that should be considered before implants

A

General
-Any head and neck cancer treatment (radiotherapy), –Any bisphosphonates, diabetes

Local
-Bone height
-space available between existing teeth
-any rotations or drifting of teeth
-smoking status
-OH

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5
Q

State 2 potential complications of extracting a tooth that is in close proximity to the Inferior alveolar canal

A

IAN paraesthesia

IAN dyaesthesia

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6
Q

Name 2 scenarios where there would be an increased risk of bleeding for a patient and 2 post- operative methods of achieving haemostasis

A

-Anticoagulant/antiplatelet therapy
-Alcoholic liver disease

-Damp gauze and pressure
-Surgicel and suturing margins
-LA with vasoconstrictor
-Diathermy

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7
Q

List 6 signs/symptoms of TMD

A

Pain

MoM hypertrophy

MoM tenderness

Clicking, popping, crepitus at TMJ

Linea alba

Tongue scalloping

Tooth wear (attrition)

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8
Q

5 points of conservative advice you would give to a pt with TMD

A

Stop any parafunctional habits

No chewing gum

Cut foods into small pieces

Do not incise foods

Avoid hard and sticky foods

Chew bilaterally

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9
Q

Define indirect retention

A

Use of supportive components to resist rotational forces, components are placed at 90º to the clasp axis and on opposite side from dislodging force

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10
Q

Describe Desquamative gingivitis

A

A clinically descriptive term to describe severely erythematous and ulcerated gingiva caused a number of conditions or allergies, inflammation can extend beyond the mucogingival junction

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11
Q

Name three conditions that you would see Desquamative gingivitis

A

Lichen planus
Pemphigus
Pemphigoid

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12
Q

Describe how you would manage Desquamative gingivits

A

Biopsy an area of mucosa and use immunofluorescence and histological analysis to determine the cause

6PPC where indicated, OHI

Diet advice and SLS free toothpaste

Betamethasone mouth rinse

Tacrolimus ointment

Systemic corticosteroids to prevent any new lesions from forming (prednisalone)

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13
Q

A patient presents at your practice with a large discoloured swelling
Name 3 local and 3 generalised causes of pigmentation

A

Local
-Malignant melanoma
-Melanocytic neavus
-Amalgam tattoo
-Haemangioma

Generalised
-Racial pigmentation
-Addison’s/cushings disease
-Smoking

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14
Q

Name 2 types of haemangioma and give 2 histological differences between the two

A

Types
-Capillary
-Cavernous

Cavernous is encapsulated and capillary is not

Cavernous is dilated vascular space and capillary is thin walled capillaries

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15
Q

Name 4 key personnel involved in the Decontamination process and give a description of each of their roles

A

Operator
-Responsible for day to day operations, recording machine readings

User
-Responsible for daily testing and maintenance of records

Manager
-Ultimately responsible for running of LDU and release of instruments fit for use

Engineer
-Annual and quarterly testing of the machines and any maintenance

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16
Q

What type of water is used for the final rinse cycle and why use this as opposed to mains water

A

Deionised

Mains water has minerals present in it which can
Damage instruments
Cause limescale build up
Give a roughened surface for bacteria to adhere to

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17
Q

Describe the appearance of dental fluorosis

A

Diffuse chalky discolouration, symmetrical

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18
Q

What is the local action of fluoride in the oral cavity

A

Promotes remineralisation of any demineralised enamel and forms fluoroapetite which has a higher erosion resistance

Inhibits bacterial metabolism and acid production

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19
Q

Give the best treatment option for fluorosis and 2 advantages of this treatment

A

Microabrasion
-Conservative, only removing 100 microns of enamel
-Results are permanent

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20
Q

Name 4 pre-disposing factors for Pseudomembranous candidosis, 2 local and 2 medical

A

Local
-Use of a corticosteroid inhaler
-Removable prosthesis (ie URA for this patient)

Systemic
-Diabetes
-Systemic immunosuppressive treatment
-Immunosuppression side effect of treatment (ie chemotherapy)

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21
Q

You take an oral swab and an oral rinse; give an advantage and disadvantage of each

A

Swab
-Site specific
-Not quantitative

Rinse
-Quantitative
-Not site specific

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22
Q

Name you first-line medication for Pseudomembranous candidosis, state 2 drugs that it interacts with and the nature of
their interaction

A

Fluconazole
-Warfarin will interact to cause an increased risk of bleeding
-Statins can cause muscle death and rhabdomyolysis

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23
Q

Describe how Porcelain is treated to improve its retention

A

Sandblasting of fitting surface and hydrofluoric acid to etch the surface and then silane coupling agent applied

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24
Q

Name 2 luting cements, other than resin based, that could be used to bond this crown should you proceed with her request

A

RMGIC/GIC

Zinc polycarboxylate

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25
Describe how a resin based luting cement bonds to porcelain
Silane coupling agent bonds with the oxides present in the porcelain, it also has a C=C end of the molecule, rendering the surface hydrophobic and allowing the resin based agent to bond to the surface
26
Name one advantage to placing a crown as a posterior restoration
Cuspal coverage to provide support and protection for the remaining tooth tissue
27
A patient is referred to your practice to have a large MOD amalgam in their 46 replaced you successfully replace it with composite patient attends 5 days later complaining on pain when biting up and down and to transient thermal stimuli Give 5 potential causes of these symptoms
Cracked tooth/cusp syndrome Residual resin monomer causing pulpal inflammation Pulpal damage due to excessive heat production during cavity preparation High restoration causing premature occlusal contact Uncured HEMA expanding due to moisture
28
A patient is referred to your practice to have a large MOD amalgam in their 46 replaced you successfully replace it with composite patient attends 5 days later complaining on pain when biting up and down and to transient thermal stimuli Give 5 restorative features that could prevent this from occurring
Low configuration factor to prevent polymerisation shrinkage stresses Incremental placement to prevent soggy bottom Ensure bur cooled by water on high speed Check occlusion after placement using articulating paper Ensure an appropriate curing regime is used
29
The mother of one of you young patients phones your practice, stating that her son has ingested fluoride toothpaste and she is worried. What three questions should you ask mum
What is the fluoride strength of the toothpaste How much of the toothpaste did the child ingest What is the weight of the child
30
What is the most common cause of fluorosis in the UK
Water
31
If the patient is 10 with fluorosis what would you first line of treatment be
microabrasion
32
Please provide the fluoride supplement values for the following patients, all living in an area of <0.3ppm fluoridated water age 1, 4 and 7
Age 1- 0.25mg per day Age 4- 0.5mg per day Age7- 1mg per day
33
Give 3 diagnostic features of a subluxation
Tooth has not been displaced in the socket Increased mobility of the tooth Bleeding from the gingival sulcus
34
What type of splint would you place for a subluxation and for how long
Flexible splint 2 weeks
35
When would you review a subluxation patient
2 weeks for splint removal 1 month 3 months 6 months 6 monthly for 2 years
36
Name 2 features you would be assessing radiographically of a subluxation
Forming of any periapical lesion (widening of the PDL) Initiation of inflammatory resorption
37
How would internal inflammatory root resorption present both clinically, radiographically, what would it indicate about the tooth, what medicament would you place to attempt to halt resorption
Asymptomatic Ballooned, irregular shaped canal Non setting calcium hydroxide
38
As a member of the dental profession, CPD is one of the standards of practice. Under clinical Governance, how many hours of CPD are to be done in a 5 year cycle and How many are to be verifiable
100 verifiable hours
39
What are the components of Clinical Governance
Research and development Education and training Clinical effectiveness Risk management Openness Clinical audit
40
What are the dimensions of healthcare quality
Patient centred Safe Effective Efficient Equitable Timely
41
Name 3 possible complications associated with the extraction of a lone-standing upper molar
OAC/OAF Tuberosity fracture Root displaced into the maxillary antrum
42
Diagnose OAC/OAF, Tuberosity fracture and Root displaced into the maxillary antrum
OAC -Bubbling of blood in the socket -Good light and suction, direct vision (echoing of the suction) -Nose holding and explore with blunt probe (may cause OAC) -Bone present at the trifurcation of the roots post XLA Fractured tuberosity -Crack felt/heard during mobilisation of the tooth -Tear in the palate -Mobility of the ridge and tuberosity palpable Root in antrum -Good suction and irrigation and visually assess -Radiograph may show root placed in the antrum -CBCT
43
Give 3 uses of URA other than tipping and tilting teeth
Habit breaker Retainer Growth modification Overbite reduction
44
What 4 risk factors pre-dispose someone to ANUG
Smoking Poor OH Stress Malnutrition
45
A patient arrives at your practice with a debonded gold post and core crown Give three potential reasons why this post and core may have debonded
Secondary caries Poor moisture control during cementation Root fracture
46
There is a fracture at junction of the post and core, give three reasons why this may have happened
Biocorrosion Lack of sufficient ferrule Trauma
47
Name 3 ways of retrieving a fractured post
Ultrasonic tip Eggler forceps Moskito forceps
48
2 alternative Tx to missing teeth besides implants
Resin bonded bridge RPD Essex retainer
49
3 general factors considered before implants
The pt undrstands what is likely to be involved and is willing to comply with tx Good OH Smoking Cost Lack of viable bone or alternatively availabilty of suitable bone Perio history History of contact sports
50
3 factors local to a proposed implant area that should be assessed
Bone height Bone width Root position Soft tissue adequacy Smile line Gingival biotype Local perio health
51
3 potentional complications to warn patients about implants
Implant failure Peri-implantitis Peri-implant mucositis Screw failure Recession
52
Why are lower incisors more ar risk of gingival recession
Think gingival biotype Thin buccal plate
53
Other S&S from Gingival recession
Poor aesthetics Root caries dentine hypersensitivity
54
What do you want to know about a enamel dentine pulp fracture before you decide on Tx
Size of exposure When injury occured
55
Stages of pulpotomy
Apply dam and LA Remove pulp tissue 2-3mm around exposed area Assess bleeding and if no bleeding remove more tissue and if gushing dark red bleeding Gain haemorrhage control using saline soaked cotton rool Asess nleeding and if hyperanemic remove more Once normal bleeding stopped apply non-setting CaOH and seal with GI and restore
56
What are favorable signs on a radiograph that pulp has stayed vital
Continued root development Continued thickening of dentine Apical devlopment No pathology
57
A puloptemy didnt what to do now
Dental dam and LA endo access and pulp extirpation Dress with CaOH Immmediate referral to paeds MTA placed for apexification
58
4 ways MRONJ can be prevented
Pt education OHI Make pt dentally fit before Drug Tx smoking cessation Non-invasive alternatives eg endo Remove risk factors
59
10 management options of MRONJ
Careful monitoring Specific OHI in relation to exposed bone areas e.g. irrigation syringes Antiseptic MW Ocassionally antibiotics Primary closure where possible remove any traumatic causes Consult with GMP if drug replacement or modification wararnted Symptomatic relief Topical preperations eg. analgesics Surgical debridement of dead bone
60
4 histopathological features of minor salivary gland biopsy in sjrogens
lymphocytic focus particulary located in the periductal area, each focus 50+ cells with at least 1 every squared4mm Atrophy of acini Ductal epithelial hyperplasia Ductal dilation Fibrosis
61
Most common maliganancy assoc. wit sjogrens
Non-hodgkins lympoma
62
4 URA active components that move teeth
palatal finger spring buccal canine retractor Z spring expansion screw
63
Name space maintainers
Fixed palatal arch band and loop
64
In a sterilizer if the sterilization temp. of a cycle achieves 135.2 what is the corresponding pressure range in pressure absolute and the minimumu hold time
3.05-3.35 for a minimum of 3 mins
65
Instruments need to be sterile till point of use how is this achieved
Instruments wrapped prior to processing in a Type B
66
On a daily basis what 4 bits of info must be recorded from first production cycle
Cycle number Sterilisation hold time Temp. Pressure
67
What is the name of the PCD used in first cycle of the day on a vaccum sterilizer and what does it test for
Bowie dick pack Steam penetration
68
4 types of purified water
disilled De-ionised sterile reverse osmosis
69
What part of the SHTM 01-01 providers guidance for operating and teseting sterilizers
Part C
70
What SICP do we need to know
Hand Hygiene ➢Personal Protective Equipment ➢Safe Management of Care Equipment ➢Safe Management of Care Environment ➢Safe Management of Blood and Body Fluid Spillages ➢Safe Disposal of Waste (including sharps) ➢Occupational Safety: Prevention and Exposure Management (including sharps) ➢Respiratory and Cough Hygiene

BDS4 past papers (2 decks)

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