Mod 1 - Intro Nutrition

Question 1

Define nutrients

Answer 1

substances we get from food that contribute to MAINTANANCE, GROWTH and SURVIVAL

Question 2

6 categories of nutrients

Answer 2

1- water 
2-Carbs
3- Proteins
4- Lipids
5- Vitamins
6- Minerals

Question 3

organic nutrients vs inorganic

Answer 3

organic nutrients : carbs, proteins, vitamins have carbon chains (water and minerals have no carbon)

Question 4

3 non nutrients

Answer 4

phytochemicals, toxins (alchohol), caffeine

Question 5

Processed foods

Answer 5

foods that have undergone significant changes from their original form

Question 6

The NOVA food classification system

Answer 6

sorts foods into 4 groups based on level of modifications
Group 1- unprocessed foods (plants and animals with minimal alternations)
Group 2- Processed culinary ingredients (oils, butter, sugar, salt)
Group 3- Processed foods (combined group 1 and group 2 foods - include canned foods, cheese, bread, fruits in syrup)
Group 4- Ultra processed foods (minimal amount of group 1 ingredients, lots of sugar and salt)

Question 7

Nutrients do 3 main things for our bodies

Answer 7

• body Structure
• body function
• energy provision

Question 8

Describe what the Agouti mice taught us about gene x diet interactions

Answer 8

The agouti mice had an altered version of the agouti gene which led them to be yellow and obese. Pregnant yellow agouti mice fed a normal diet had babies who were like them. However, the mothers who were fed a methyl-rich diet had offspring who were more brown and of normal weight.

Question 9

What is the 80/20 rule?

Answer 9

80% of our diet should be healthy, 20% less heallthy

Question 10

Nutrient density

Answer 10

the amount of nutrients in a food as compared to a reference amount (100kcal is typical)

Question 11

Nutrient profiling

Answer 11

ranking foods based on their nutrient densities , to differentiate between foods high in essential nutrients

Question 12

Epidemiological studies

Answer 12

population studies, follow a population over time and look at trends— don’t manipulate any variable

Question 13

when looking at research this is the order of evidence

Answer 13

1- systematic reviews (best)
2- randomized control trials (very good)
3- epidemiological studies (no causality)