Mod 2 Flashcards
(90 cards)
1
Q
How humans use land is one of the ultimate expressions of _____
A
culture
2
Q
all activities on, in, over, and under the earth’s surface that tend to change
the natural state of the land.
A
Land use/s
3
Q
- the human use of land
- management and modification of natural environment into built
environment - Embraces both uses that are placed by nature and those introduced by man
A
Land use
4
Q
“the arrangements, activities and inputs people undertake in a certain land
cover type to produce, change or maintain it”
A
Land use
5
Q
the observed bio-physical cover of the earth’s surface
A
Land Cover
6
Q
embraces vegetation and human-made features and includes bare
rocks, soils, and water areas.
A
Land Cover
7
Q
provide information to help managers best understand the
current landscape
A
Land cover maps
8
Q
________ is the physical material at the surface of the earth;
________ is a description of how people utilize the land
A
Land cover, Land use
9
Q
observation can be made by the human eye, aerial photographs, satellite
sensors, or simply existing maps
A
land cover
10
Q
Many of the ______ operations lead to the change in ______
A
Land Use, Land cover
11
Q
Land Use is difficult to “observe.” Field and ground information such as ________ are usually required.
A
surveys and censuses
12
Q
Land Cover is about the _____ aspect of land and
Land Use is about the _____ aspect of land.
A
biophysical, functional
13
Q
_____ is the cause and ____ is the effect.
A
Land Use, Land Cover
14
Q
Land use planners use LAND USE AND LAND UTILIZATION interchangeably (t or f)
A
t
15
Q
____ refers to broad categories,
______ more specific land uses that fall under these broad categories;
each specific use implies particular management practices, type of management practice associated
with a particular use
A
Land use, Land utilization
16
Q
In urban planning, land use is land use whether it refers to broad categories or
specific uses (t or f)
A
t
17
Q
If the land is being used as a ___, or platform of activities, ____ is more
appropriate
A
site, land use
18
Q
If a particular parcel’s soil plays a role in the _______, it is better to
use ______
A
production process, land utilization
19
Q
nature is not that passive. People may be ‘winning’ the land use conversion tug-of-war in the short-term, but nature, if left alone, can recover in the long-term
A
slow burn approach
20
Q
- refers to the act or process of changing current physical use of agricultural lands into other uses
- inevitable bc of urbanization and industrialization
- Involves different stakeholders
A
Land use conversion
21
Q
NON-NEGOTIABLE FOR CONVERSION
A
- All irrigated lands where water is available to support rice and other crop production.
- All irrigated lands where water is not available but within the areas programmed for irrigation facility rehabilitation by the DA and NIA.
- All irrigable lands already covered by irrigation projects with firm funding
commitments at the time of application for land use conversion or reclassification.
22
Q
Conversion may be allowed if at the time of the application, the lands are reclassified as
___________ in the new or revised town plans promulgated by
the LGU and approved by the HLURB or by the Sangguniang Panlalawigan.
A
commercial, industrial, and residential
23
Q
if the soil cover and land forms are not substantially changed and therefore present a variety of option for future reuse.
A
REVERSIBLE
24
Q
occurs when the original character of the land is changed to such a degree that reversal to its former use or condition becomes very difficult if not impossible
A
IRREVERSIBLE
25
- soil changed to another use as soil
- site changed to another use as site
REVERSIBLE
26
soil changed to land used as site
IRREVERSIBLE
27
profit
- Highest & Best
- Optimum return depends on the point of view of the stakeholder
- There may be hidden social cost
ECONOMIC USE CAPACITY
28
practical limits to which a particular land unit can be put to a productive use
LAND USE CAPACITY
29
signs that carrying capacity has been exceeded
diminishing returns
30
- ecological sense
- sustainable limits to the use of land
carrying capacity
31
For development to be sustainable, the Highest and best use of a land unit should
not exceed its______
carrying capacity
32
for every unit of increase in investment the unit of return is proportionately less than what is normally expected
diminishing returns
33
Reasons for seeking combinations (LAND USE COMPATIBILITY)
1. Land often can have more than one use
2. Available land is limited in a particular area
3. There is competition for different uses
4. Different uses can be combined in different ways
34
Land uses may be compatible…
- With respect to ecological function and effect
- if they have economic linkages
- if they are in line with accepted socio-cultural values
35
diff. between vertical n horizontal linkages
Vertical linkages – two or more land use activities produce products that aid in
producing a final output
Horizontal linkages – two or more activities that produce goods that are
considered part of the same sector or category of goods (i.e. chairs and tables –
furniture)
36
importance of economic linkages
1. Better attract the same customers
2. Reduce production costs
37
Land use compatibility is most useful in urban land use zoning: ________
EXCLUSIONARY &
MIXED-USED ZONING
38
FACTORS OF CONFLICTING LAND USES:
1. Increase in Population
2. Scarcity of Land
3. New emerging uses of land
39
RESOLUTION TO CONFLICTING LAND USES
1. Market Solutions: social costs?
2. Multiple use
3. Zoning
4. Technological: Buffer, easements
40
- broader concept: based on ownership (public or private), and capability or suitability, availability in the market, existing use
- pertains to or is based on the characteristics of land
- based on the characteristics of land use
LAND USE CLASSIFICATION
41
system of logically arranging categories and sub-categories of land use
LAND USE CLASSIFICATION
42
URBAN LAND USE CLASSIFICATION: H. BARTHOLOMEW
} Did not classify land ownership
} Subject to individual analysis (Light vs Heavy Industries)
} The need for standard land use categories for wider acceptability and
applicability
43
Serote's Land Use Classification
1. production;
2. protection;
3. settlement; and
4. infrastructure
44
Protected Areas
- NIPAS
- Non-NIPAS
- Protected agricultural
- Environmentally constrained
45
Settlement areas
- urban
- rural
- IP's settlements
46
Infra Areas
- transport network
- social infra
- economic infra
- administrative support
46
Production areas
- agricultural
- industrial
- commercial
- tourism
47
More than one type of land use
MIXED LAND USES
48
MIXED LAND USES solution
1. Dominant Land Use
2. Accept mixed land use as a classification
49
Category for mixed land use in the mapping of vegetation and land cover
1. Agricultural Crops
2. Natural and semi-natural vegetation
3. special land use
50
DETERMINANTS OF LAND USE
1. The supply of land with different characteristics
2. The demands placed on the land resources
1. Land allocation e.g. physical characteristics
2. Land management e.g. regulations
3. Externalities e.g. pollutions, hazards
51
Important consideration especially when the intended use of the land is as an input to the
production process
- TOPOGRAPHY
- SLOPE
PHYSICAL DETERMINANTS
52
ECONOMIC DETERMINANTS
Evaluation of costs and benefits of alternative uses to arrive at the highest and best use of a particular parcel of land (highest for public welfare; best for its optimum use)
* Crucial for determining land use conversion
53
Influences individual and collective actions
SOCIAL DETERMINANTS
54
STAKEHOLDER CONCERNS
* Use value and exchange value of the land
* Those who can influence the decisions over the land
55
* land as a factor for production
* Highest and Best use is the guiding principle
* Likely to oppose projects that will diminish the capability or suitability of the land to
support their activities
* Except when the land use change will give them higher returns
* Have common desire to hold on to their land and continue receiving benefits for its
use
* Conservationists
USE VALUE
56
* Land as an item for trade and commerce
* Welcome any project that will increase the market value of their property
EXCHANGE VALUE
57
PHYSICAL DETERMINANTS: TOPOGRAPHY
Affects:
1. cost of production
2. cost of land development
3. cost of laying networks of infrastructure
58
orientation - for siting of certain activities for maximum capture of sunlight, leeward
and windward
PHYSICAL DETERMINANTS: SLOPE
59
___ and above for permanent forest
___ for urban and agricultural areas
___ slope minimum to make drainage and sewage flow naturally
___ slope limit for road construction
18%
30%
3%
7%
60
61
The capacity of land resources to sustain the intensity of broad land uses
LAND CAPABILITY
62
more appropriate to broad
hectare areas where the land use choices are farming, grazing or non-agricultural
LAND CAPABILITY assessment
63
______= suited to more intense uses
______= suited only to low intensity rural use, conservation and the like
lower, higher number
64
The capacity of land resources to sustain particular forms of land use such as arable
farming, irrigated agriculture, forestry. Such rankings can be applied to smaller land
units.
LAND SUITABILITY
65
lands whose slope ranges vary from 0 – 3%; very good land that can be cultivated safely
and extensively to crops with ordinary good farming practices
class A, CROPLANDS
66
lands whose slope ranges vary from 0-3%; good land that can be cultivated safely using
easily applied conservation practices
class B, CROPLANDS
67
lands whose slope ranges vary from 8-15%; moderately good land that can be used
regularly for cultivated crops in a good rotation but needs intensive conservation
treatments
class C, CROPLANDS
68
lands whose slope ranges vary from 3-8% and from 15-25%; fairly good land that is
best suited for pasture but can be cultivated to crops in a good rotation but need intensive conservation treatments
class D, CROPLANDS
69
lands whose slope ranges vary from 0-3%; this land is flat but is too wet or stony and
is suited for pasture or forest
class L, PASTURE & FORESTLANDS
70
lands whose slope ranges vary from 25-40%; this land is steep, eroded, rough, or
shallow for cultivation but is suited for grazing or forest if well-managed
class M, PASTURE & FORESTLANDS
71
lands whose slope ranges vary from 40% and above; this land is very steep, eroded,
rough, shallow, or dry. It is good only for forest or grazing if handled with care
class N, PASTURE & FORESTLANDS
72
lands whose slope ranges vary from 0-1%; this land is level but wet most of the time
and can not be economically drained. It can be used for farm ponds or recreational
purposes
class X, LAND FOR WILDLIFE AND RECREATION
73
lands whose slope ranges vary from 40% and above; this land is too steep, eroded, barren, and rugged, and should be reserved only for wildlife or recreational
class Y, LAND FOR WILDLIFE AND RECREATION
74
class __ has practically no limitations and have the capability to support all
utilization types.
class A has practically no limitations and have the capability to support all
utilization types.
75
Land classes ____ have the most serious constraints and have little value for
productive uses and are best left in their pristine state
X & Y
76
Defined in terms of physical limitations and/or regulatory restrictions. Physical
limitations such as steep slopes or poorly drained soils make the land less suitable for
development
LAND SUITABILITY
77
Land Suitability Factors
a) Water quality
b) Land classes I, II, and III summary environmental analysis
c) Proximity to existing developed areas and compatibility with existing land uses
d) Potential impact of development on areas and sites designated as historic,
culturally significant, or scenic
e) Land use and development requirements of local development regulations
f) Availability of community facilities, including water, sewer, stormwater, and
transportation
78
_____ pertains to the ability of a particular land to support a general activity type; _______ to a more specific one
Capability, suitability
79
Amidst competing land uses, ____ is the determining factor in land use delineation
slope
80
All areas suitable for agricultural use are also suitable for urban use (t or f)
t
81
three-folding image of society
state (polity)
civil society (culture)
private sector (economy)
82
set out policies, standards and guidelines. Provides infra, housing, other projects. Can influence economy, private investments
State Government
83
– land use planning control and regulations. Provides infra, housing, other projects
Local Governments
84
PRIVATE SECTOR
} Residents – work and live in the community
} Industries – operate factories
} Firms – do business
} Developers – play crucial role in land development
85
CIVIL SOCIETY
} Church – moral compass
} Academe – academic and research
} Interest groups – issues-based
86
responsibility of the STATE:
* Provide public infrastructure
* To ensure the common good
* Land should be properly appropriated and used for the general welfare or common good
87
The PRIVATE SECTOR is intent on:
* Using land to provide goods and services and to create more wealth.
* While the pursuit of private gain, is not at all bad and in fact should be
encouraged, such activities should be regulated by institutions of the State.
88
since government cannot do things by itself, and in some instances even collude with private interests
It is the job of_____ to balance things (as the WATCHDOG).
CIVIL SOCIETY
89
LGUs are to prescribe reasonable limits and
restraints on the use of land within their respective territories. This mandate is the
foundation of land use planning
Local Government Code
