Mod 3-6 Gout Flashcards
Gout has links to what?
A person’s diet, but new medications have now allowed patients to have a more normal diet.
What type of diet is good for a patient with gout?
A diet that is good for heart-health
Who gets gout?
- Women after menopause
- More common in men (10:1)
___ out of 1,000 men aged 18-44 have gout and ___ of 1,000 men aged 45-65.
2; 34
How many new cases of gout are there a year in a population of 100,000 people?
30 new cases and 250 cases in total
What is gout a type of?
Arthritis
Define gout
An arthritic disorder in which uric acid appears in excessive quantities in the blood, called hyperuricemia, and may be deposited in crystalline form in various joints and in soft tissues.
*Disorder in the metabolism of purine in which an increase in teh blood level of uric acid leads to the deposition of uric acid crystals in the joints, cartilage and kidney.
Why was gout once thought to be a “rich mans disease”?
Because obesity and alcoholism tend to influence the development of gout in those who have an inheritied trait for the disease. When the term was popular, only those with money would be a factor in the disease.
What is the connection between food and drink and gout?
Uric acid is a waste product of metabolism.
What are the two types of gout?
Primary and secondary
Which type of gout is caused by an inherited tendency for overproduction of uric acid?
Primary gout
What causes secondary gout?
- Enzyme imbalance caused by a disease (cancer)
- Nosocomial result of an attempt to treat a disease (hypertensive meds)
- Kidney failure
- Low doses of aspirin given for extended periods of time
Why does kidney failure sometimes lead to gout?
The body’s level of uric acid increases because it cannot be eliminated in a normal and timely manner.
Where are some sites of where uric acid may be deposited?
- Joints (feet, great toe, hands)
- Ear
- Olecranon bursa
- Insertion of Achilles tendon
What is the most common site of where uric acid may be desposited?
The great toe
What is the classic manifestation of the most common form of gout (secondary gout)?
Sudden onset of extreme joint pain.
Which type of gout is most common?
Secondary gout
In its acute stage, the arthritis usually attacks what?
A single joint; the great toe being the most commonly affected site.
What part of the great toe is often affected by gout?
Metatarsophalangeal articulation
*Inflammation, may last 1-2 weeks
Where in the joint is uric acid crystals deposited?
On the articular cartilage thus creating an inflammatory reaction
The pain and inflammation may be severe enough to simulate what?
- A cellulitis (soft tissue inflammation)
- Produce fever
- Tachycardia
- Leukocytosis
Severe attacks of gout may last as long as ________.
2 weeks.
What is almost always present in those with gout?
Some degree of renal dysfunction
Is renal dysfunction evident on radiographs?
No radiographic signs of renal dysfunction unless stones are created.
*If the stones have calcific nature, they can be seen radiographically; if no calcium is present they will be seen as a filling defect in the pelvis or ureter during an IVP. Stones may be radiolucent or radiopaque.
