Mod 3: Contemporary Arts in the Philippines 2

Question 1

These are simple structures built of local materials and available tools to provide shelter for its inhabitants.

Answer 1

Folk Architecture

Question 2

Folk Architecture

• Also known as kamalig
• It serves as an icon to Filipino lowland and rural culture.
• It is a stilt house with walls usually made up of bamboo rods and bamboo mats or sawali, and a thatched roof made up of anahaw or nipa.

Answer 2

Bahay Kubo or Nipa Hut

Question 3

Folk Architecture

• It is built with limestone walls, and cogon roofs, strong enough to withstand the typhoons and earthquakes that visit the province.
• It has narrow doors and windows with wooden shutters and often secured by wooden bars

Answer 3

Ivatan House in Batanes

Question 4

Folk Architecture

It is a one-room house with an attic for storage.

Answer 4

Bale or Ifugao House

Question 5

Folk Architecture

• Literally means “a place for sleeping”
• It is a stately house for the elite members of the Maranao tribe in Mindanao.

Answer 5

Torogan or Maranao House

Question 6

Folk Architecture

What are the traditional dwellings of the Badjao, also known as the sea gypsies of the Philippines?

Answer 6

Badjao’s Stilt Houses and Houseboats

Question 7

These are simple marine vessels made for the transport of goods and people by sea and other waterways in the surrounding regions.

Answer 7

Maritime Transports

Question 8

Maritime Transports

• The outrigger canoe is a small wooden boat used for transport in daily activities by people near the coast.
• It is sometimes highly decorated.

Answer 8

Wooden Banca

Question 9

Maritime Transports

It is a traditional boat made by Sama-Bajau (Badjao) and Moros living in the Sulu Archipelago, Zamboanga peninsula, and southern Mindanao.

Answer 9

Vinta

Question 10

Weaving, Textile making, and Fabric Art

• It is often used to our national costumes, the baro’t saya and barong.

Answer 10

Piña fabric

Question 11

Weaving, Textile making, and Fabric Art

• Woven by the T’boli women of Lake Sebu, South Cotabato, Mindanao
• It represents the tribe’s culture and tradition.
• The unique designs and patterns on the cloth are bestowed upon them through dreams.

Answer 11

T’nalak woven cloth

Question 12

Weaving, Textile making, and Fabric Art

• It serves both practical and spiritual purposes in the Pala’wan community life.
• It is used as a storage container for rice, salt, and personal belongings.

Answer 12

Tingkep baskets

Question 13

Weaving, Textile making, and Fabric Art

• Made by the Yakan tribe from Basilan
• It features elaborate geometric designs and patterns that are inspired by nature.
• The fabrics produced by the weavers are used for religious and ritual purposes,

Answer 13

Yakan-weaved cloth

Question 14

Weaving, Textile making, and Fabric Art

• Their ancestors have used abaca as a raw material for their clothing, footwear, blankets, and for their fishing gear.
• The production of textile was considered to be sacred to the tribe.
• It is woven as offering to the spirits and also given as a gift, as a dowry, and is used to bring peace during tribal conflicts.

Answer 14

Hinabol

Question 15

Weaving, Textile making, and Fabric Art

What is a costume indigenous to the Kalinga and Apayao that is a rectangular cloth worn as a wraparound skirt?

Answer 15

The Tapis of the Kalinga Tribe

Question 16

These may be folk dances and music which are developed by an individual or groups of people that reflect their traditions and culture.

Answer 16

Performing art

Question 17

• It refers to the traditional oral literature of various ethnic groups of the country.
• It includes the story of “Malakas at Maganda” and epics such as “Hudhud ni Aliguyon,” “Darangan,” and the likes.

Answer 17

Literature

Question 18

What is widely used in the country and is commonly associated with the woodcarving capital, Paete in Laguna?

Answer 18

Carving

Question 19

What type of arts include two-dimensional forms like sketching, painting, photography, and calligraphy, as well as three-dimensional forms like sculpture and ceramics?

Answer 19

Graphic and Plastic Arts

Question 20

It is used to embellish parts of a building or object.

Answer 20

Ornament

Question 21

• It serve as a secondary burial jars to hold the deceased.
• Some of these were decorated with anthropomorphic designs.

Answer 21

Pottery

Question 22

Pottery

It is a secondary burial jar found in the early 1960’s in Manunggul Cave, Lippun Point, Palawan.

Answer 22

Manunggul Jar

Question 23

Pottery

What are the earthenware pots resembling human figures, found in Ayub Cave in Pinol, Maitum, Saranggani Province, and used for secondary burial?

Answer 23

Maitum Anthropomorphic Potteries

Question 24

GAMABA stands for

Answer 24

Gawad sa Manlilikha ng Bayan

Question 25

Institutionalized through **R.A. No. 7355**, this **award** is given to a citizen engaged in any traditional art uniquely Filipino whose distinctive skills reached such a high level of technical and artistic excellence and have been passed on to and widely practiced by the present generation in his/her community with the same degree of technical and artistic competence. Answer: GAMABA

Answer 25

GAMABA

Question 26

# Criteria for Selection: What categories are considered for the GAMABA award?

Answer 26

Folk architecture, maritime transport, weaving, carving, performing arts, literature, graphic and plastic arts, ornament, textile or fiber art, pottery and other artistic expressions of traditional culture.

Question 27

What is the minimum duration a folk art tradition must have existed to be eligible for the GAMABA award?

Answer 27

At least 50 years.

Question 28

What are the qualifications for a candidate to become a "Manlilikha ng Bayan"?

Answer 28

1. He/she is an inhabitant of an indigenous/traditional cultural community anywhere in the Philippines that has preserved indigenous customs, beliefs, rituals and, traditions and/or has syncretized whatever external elements that have influenced it. 2. He/she must have engaged in a folk art tradition that has been in existence and documented for at least 50 years. 3. He/she must have consistently performed or produced over a significant period, works of superior and distinctive quality. 4. He/she must possess a mastery of tools and materials needed by the art, and must have an established reputation in the art as master and maker of works of extraordinary technical quality. 5. He/she must have passed on and/or will pass on to other members of the community their skills in the folk art for which the community is traditionally known.

Question 29

What honors and privileges does a GAMABA awardee receive?

Answer 29

A specially designed gold medallion, an initial grant of P100,000, a P10,000 monthly stipend for life, a P14,000 additional monthly allowance, and a maximum cumulative amount of P750,000 for medical and hospitalization benefits.

Question 30

# Manlilikha ng Bayan Awardees Which artist is known for his contribution to the preservation and promotion of ambahan, a poetic literary form?

Answer 30

Ginaw Bilog (1993)

Question 31

# Manlilikha ng Bayan Awardees Who is known for being a leading epic chanter and storyteller and for his mastery of the musical instruments basal, kulilal, and bagit?

Answer 31

Masino Intaray (1993)

Question 32

# Manlilikha ng Bayan Awardees Which artist is recognized for their mastery in the traditional art of weaving and has produced textiles that reflect the wisdom and visions of her people?

Answer 32

Lang Dulay (1998)

Question 33

# Manlilikha ng Bayan Awardees Who learned to play the kutyapi from his uncle at the age of 13 and became the most acclaimed kutyapi master in Libutan and other barangays of Maganoy town?

Answer 33

Samaon Sulaiman (1993)

Question 34

# Manlilikha ng Bayan Awardees Who, at the age of 12, presented herself to her mother to learn weaving and later became renowned for her ability to identify traditional designs and their authors?

Answer 34

Salinta Monon (1998)

Question 35

# Manlilikha ng Bayan Awardees Which artist from Kalinga is known for mastering dance and the performing arts and for his preservation efforts, including the revival of the Kalinga gong or gangsa?

Answer 35

Alonzo Saclag (2000)

Question 36

# Manlilikha ng Bayan Awardees Which artist is known for the documentation of the epics Labaw Dunggon and Humadapnon and for working as an arbiter of conflicts in his community?

Answer 36

Federico Caballero (2000)

Question 37

# Manlilikha ng Bayan Awardees Who is a talented musician from the Yakan tribe of Basilan and teaches the instruments kwintangan, kayu, and tuntungan?

Answer 37

Uwang Ahadas (2000)

Question 38

# Manlilikha ng Bayan Awardees Who is recognized for her mastery in pis syabit weaving and for teaching young women the art of weaving in Parang, Sulu?

Answer 38

Darhata Sawabi (2004)

Question 39

# Manlilikha ng Bayan Awardees Which artist from Pampanga is known for creating religious and secular art in silver, bronze, and wood, including intricately detailed retablos and altars?

Answer 39

Eduardo Mutuc (2004)

Question 40

# Manlilikha ng Bayan Awardees Who is known for his unique designs in mat weaving and for teaching the art of weaving among the Sama indigenous community in Tawi-Tawi?

Answer 40

Haja Amina Appi (2004)

Question 41

# Manlilikha ng Bayan Awardees Which artist is a master artisan of gourd casques (kattukong) and creates the entire production process, from planting raw materials to crafting the finished product?

Answer 41

Teofilo Garcia (2012)

Question 42

# Manlilikha ng Bayan Awardees Which artist is known for weaving inabel, an Ilocano woven cloth, and for producing abel with a very high thread count and intricate designs?

Answer 42

Magdalena Gamayo (2012)