Mod 6 Burns

Question 1

Burn types

Answer 1

thermal, electrical, chemical and radiation

Question 2

Thermal burn causes

Answer 2

house fires
car fires
cooking
careless smoking

Question 3

electrical burn causes

Answer 3

gas
breaker boxes
power lines

Question 4

chemical causes

Answer 4

bathroom cleaners
drain cleaners
rust removers
over cleaners
wet cement
fertilizer

Question 5

Superficial characteristics

Answer 5

minimal damage to epidermis
heals 3-7 days no scars
dry, no blisters
pink or red
blanches easily

Question 6

superficial partial thickness characteristics

Answer 6

entire epidermis and minal dermis damage
heals 7-14s no scarring
open or closed blisters; weeping
pink or red
mild edema
blanches easily

Question 7

deep partial thickness

Answer 7

entire epidermis + deep layers of dermis
3-6 weeks some scarring
wound surgically excised or grafted
open or closed blisters
waxy appearance
cherry red, mottled or pale center
edema
sluggish or no blanching

Question 8

full thickness charcteristics

Answer 8

entire dermis may involve subq fat, bone or muscle
heal with surgical excision and grafting
dry leathery
pale white, brown, tan, black charred

Question 9

Burn shock

Answer 9

massive fluid shifts causing increased vascular permeability and decreased IV volume and edema leading to increased bood viscosity and decreased blood volume and increased peripheral resistance

Question 10

emergent phase

Answer 10

inital phase of patient care
airway maintenance is priority
fluid resuscitation
prevention of hypothermia

Question 11

Nursing care duirng emergent phase

Answer 11

100% O2 or assist with intubation
IV insertion
ABG
elevate HOB
administer LR to prevent hypovolemic shock
rough estimate of TBSA
cover wounds with clean, dry sheet

Question 12

Intermediate phase

Answer 12

begins 48 to 72 hours after 1st phase
focus on wound healing and closure and pain meds and anxiety meds

Question 13

nursing care during intermediate phase

Answer 13

monitor vs
obtain daily weight
measure daily caloric intake
evaluate protein and albumin lvls, WBC
adminster meds as ordered
daily wound care
assist with ADLS

Question 14

Rehabilitative phase

Answer 14

last phase prevention/tx of contractures and scarring

Question 15

Nursing care during rehab phase

Answer 15

splinting
assist with ADLs
provide community resource
teach how to apply pressure garments
teach sun protection

Question 16

myoglobinuria

Answer 16

occurs when damage to muscle cells
myoblobin enters the bloodstream and muscle cells accumulate large amounts of fluid causing hypvolemia

Question 17

autograft

Answer 17

patients own skin and is permanent tx

Question 18

CEA

Answer 18

Pts own skin sample grown in lab and is permanent

Question 19

Allograft

Answer 19

cadaver skin and is temporary

Question 20

Xenograft

Answer 20

pig or cow skin is temporary

Question 21

Urine output formula

Answer 21

0.5ml x kg x hr
1ml/kg/hr

Question 22

parkland formula

Answer 22

4.0 ml x kg TBSA
1/2 first 8
1/4 2nd 8
1/4 last 8

Question 23

brooke formula

Answer 23

2.0 ml x kg x TBSA

first 8 divide by 2
remaining divde by 16

Question 24

nutritional support calculation

Answer 24

25 kcal x kg + 40 kcal x TBSA