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PH 2206 - Nutrition > Mod 7 Exam > Flashcards

Mod 7 Exam Flashcards

(63 cards)

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1
Q

T declines __% per year after the age of ___

A

1%, 40

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2
Q

S/S of andropause

A

Prostrate enlargement, ED/libido, loss of LM, increase in FM, loss of energy and CV endurance

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3
Q

Side effects of Viagra, Cialis, and Levitra are…

A

Thrombus, death, BP problems

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4
Q

GH injections to regulate hormones in men lead to…

A

Issues with DM, CVD and cancer

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5
Q

BPH is

A

Benign prostate hyperplasia

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6
Q

DHT was linked to…

A

BPH

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7
Q

Steroid synthesis of testosterone

A

CHOL —> DHEA —> androstenedoione —> T

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8
Q

Synthesis of DHT

A

T —> via 5a-reductase —> DHT

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9
Q

Which of these inhibits 5a-reductase (prevent production fo DHT from T)?

Saw Palmetto
Soy-isoflavones
B-sitosterol

A

B-sito

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10
Q

What substance is an antioxidant and also breaks down DHT?

A

Soy isoflavones

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11
Q

T or F: rate of prostate CA is 10% higher in NA than Asia

A

F - 80%

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12
Q

1 in __ men in Canada develops prostate CA

A

8

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13
Q

Prostate CA is the ___ leading cause of death in CAN

A

2

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14
Q

MC location in the prostate to be cancerous. MC METs?

A

Peripheral zone

Bone lymph bladder rectum

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15
Q

Is prostate CA genetic?

A

Yes, 40% of cases under 45 y/o

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16
Q

__% of prostate CA can be prevented by nutrition

A

75

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17
Q

What’s Gleason scoring?

MC Grade?

A

Greater the score, worser the prognosis

Grade 1 - cells are like normal but starting to be closely packed; grade 2 is when they are larger and have more space between them?

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18
Q

8 ounces of what juice has been found as an intervention to prostate CA

A

Pom juice

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19
Q

List 6 supplements for prostate CA

A

Vit D, saw palmetto, soy isoflavones, essential FA, melatonin, multivitamin

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20
Q

___% decline in E, PG, T in women after the age of 50

A

90 E, 66 PG, 50 T

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21
Q

3 natural supplements for HRT in women

A

Black cohosh

Soy extract

Gamma-oryzanol

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22
Q

1 in __ women will have breast CA

A

8

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23
Q

__% of breast CA is dietary related

A

50

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24
Q

3 genes of breast CA

A

BRCA 1, 2

HER2

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25
Functions of BCRA 1 and 2
Tumour suppression DNA repair, protein degradation, regulate transcription DNA repair of PTEN (phosphate and tension homolog); induce apoptosis
26
Mutated BCRA gene = __% risk in women
80
27
P53 gene—> secretes _________ —> rips off ______ to inhibit mito function
Bax peptide; cytochrome C
28
3 natural silencers of HER2
Vit D, E, Curcumin
29
Another 4 supplements for breast CA
Boswellia, White willow, ginger, melatonin (all related to anti-inflammatory)
30
Osteoporosis: 1 in __ M 1 in __ W
1 in 8 men, 1 in 4 wome
31
After the age of 45...BMD declines __-__% per year
0.5-1 3-5% post menopause
32
BMD scoring for osteoporosis (4 categories)
``` Normal = <1 SD Osteopenia = 1-2.5 SD (2x Fx risk) Osteoporosis = >2.5 SD (3-5x Fx risk) Severe = SAA + patho Fx ```
33
5 reasons you’d use DXA to assess BMD
Thyroid problems, Hx of BMD issues, steroid use, women with menstrual problems and BMD, underweight people (>45)
34
T or F: most people don’t get enough Ca
T
35
AI values for Ca (no RDA) 9-18 19-50 50+
1300 1000 1200
36
Alendronate and Riedronate are both drugs for...
Osteoporosis - prevent bone resorption
37
T or F: Horny goat weed (epimedium drugs) can work better than osteoporosis drugs
T
38
3 common enzyme complexes that destroy ROSs
Superoxide dismutaste, catalase, glutathione peroxide
39
Vitamin E ``` 2 forms (active and inactive) Antioxidants to protect ```
Tocotrienol, tocopherol (active) LDL, PUFAs
40
Vitamin C Overdose? Functions
Bleeding, GI issues Immune, iron absorption, collagen, antioxidant
41
B-carotene Precursor for? Functions Sources
Anything red, orange, dark green Retinol UV protection in eyes and skin Weak antioxidant
42
Which vitamins/minerals do not have an RDA? (5)
``` Selenium Calcium Fluoride B-carotene Vitamin K ```
43
Vitamin A Stored in.. 3 forms
Liver Retinol, retinal, retinoic acid
44
Selenium Function Sources
Antioxidant, thyroid hormone synthesis Halibut, tuna, couscous, cheese
45
2 disease related to lack of selenium
Keshan - heart | Kashin-beck - arthritis (a and a)
46
5 modifiable RF of cancer
``` Vit D Exercise/diet UV Smoking Alcohol ```
47
Low calcium in body High calcium in body
Low = PTH for bone resorption + Vit D —> Ca absorption in intestine, kidneys retain Ca High = Calcitonin released from thyroid —> prevent Ca reabsorption in kidneys, limit intestinal Ca absorption, inhibit osteoclasts from resorption
48
Vitamin D 2 diseases related to deficiency
Rickets and osteomalacia
49
Vitamin K Produced by bacteria where? Functions (2) Sources
Trail mix, halibut, spinach Bone and blood coagulation Large intestine 2 forms: phyloquinone, menaquinone
50
85% of phosphorus is found in......
Bone
51
50-60% of the body’s magnesium is found in...
Bone
52
99% of body’s fluoride is found in
Teeth and bones
53
Match condition with vitamin B or mineral ``` Ariboflavinosis Pellagra Beriberi Pernicious anemia Masks B12 deficiency ``` ``` B12 (cobalamin) B1 (thiamin) B2 (riboflavin) Niacin B6 Folate ```
``` Ariboflavinosis - B2 (riboflavin) Pellagra - Niacin Beriberi - B1 (thiamin) Pernicious anemia - B12 (cobalamin) Masks B12 deficiency - folate deficiency ```
54
Best sources of pantothenic acid
Chicken, beef, egg yolk, potatoes
55
Niacin overdose....4 Ds
Death, diarrhea, dermatitis, dementia
56
Sulphur is required for detox of alcohol and drugs by the ...
Liver
57
Iron ``` Stored as (2) in the body 2 types found in food Excessive disease? ```
Ferritin and hemosiderin Heme and non-heme Hemochromatosis - excessive iron absorption and storage
58
3 stage of iron deficiency Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3
1 - depletion, 2 - iron-deficiency erythropoiesis, 3 - iron deficiency anemia (pale skin, fatigue, impaired cognitions/immune)
59
Zinc 2 main functions
Hb and superoxide dismutase
60
FIT Endurance Strengthening Flexibility
Endurance/strengthening/flexibility F - 3-4x/week; 2-3x/week; 2-4x/week I - 65-90% HRmax; 70-85%, full ROM T - 20 mins; 1-3 sets of 8-12 reps; 2-4 reps per stretch
61
Diet for athletes (% of kCal) CHO Fat PRO
45-65 20-35 10-35
62
Side fx of CHO (glycogen) loading
GI distress, lethargy
63
3 ergogenic aids that have been found to be ineffective
Carnitine, chromium, ribose

PH 2206 - Nutrition (1 decks)

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